वास्तु मण्डन (मण्डन सूत्रधार - गृह, राजप्रासाद, दुर्ग एवं नगर-वास्तु सटीक)

84 वास्तुमण्डनम्
दुर्गे भूमिवशात्कार्या हट्टमार्गजलाशयाः ।
सर्वत्र राज्ञ आदेशात्प्रासादभवनादिकम् ॥ २० ॥
कोष्ठे विद्याधरी बाह्या ५द्विहस्तान्यधिकोदयौ ।
गूढं युद्धासनं कोष्ठे तस्यां वा कारयेत्सुधीः ॥ २१ ॥
गढमध्ये चतुर्दिक्षु मार्गं कुर्यात्प्रदक्षिणम् ।
तत्र दुर्गे भवेद्रक्षा गजवाजिपदातिभिः ॥ २२ ॥
तन्मार्गान्मध्यदेशे तु गृहाणि विनिवेशयेत् ।
दृढानि पुरगोतृणां परेषां द्वेषिणामपि ॥ २३ ॥
ब्राह्मणान्वासयेत्प्राच्यां क्षत्रं याम्योत्तरे विशः ।
वापीकूपादिवारुण्यामुत्तरस्यां तु शूद्रकान् ॥ २४ ॥
शिल्पिरङ्गकरानीशे वह्नौ तज्जीविनोऽन्त्यजान् ।
नैर्ऋत्ये शौण्डिकान् वेश्यां वायव्ये लुब्धकादिकान् ॥ २५ ॥
वराहः ॥
कोणेषु वसतां दोषाः पुरग्रामगृहादिषु ।
तेष्वेव वृद्धिमायाति अन्त्यजाः श्वपचादयः ॥ २६ ॥
ईशकोणे न्यसेत्सूर्यं वह्निकोणे गणाधिपम् ।
नैर्ऋत्ये च सहस्राक्षं वायव्यां तु जनार्दनम् ॥ २७ ॥
पूर्वापरमुखादेवा कार्या न दक्षिणोत्तराः ।
नगराभिमुखा श्रेष्ठा भङ्गदास्ते पराङ्मुखाः ॥ २८ ॥
गणेशो भैरवश्चण्डी नकुलीशो ग्रहस्तथा ।
मातरोमूर्त्तयो देव्याः शुभा दक्षिणदिङ्मुखाः ॥ २९ ॥
हनुमान्वानरः श्रेष्ठो नैर्ऋत्यादिमुखो भवेत् ।
गणेशो धनदो लक्ष्मीः पुरद्वारे सुखावहाः ॥ ३० ॥
५. हस्ताल्य - In A, हस्ताम्य - In D E

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 85
20. In a fort, according to the availability of land and with the permis-
sion of the king, market roads, water reservoirs, palaces, and houses,
will be built.
21. The chamber of Vidyādharīs will be constructed outside and its
height will be more than two hands. In that chamber, hidden
seats for the warriors should be made by the expert architect.
22.Inside, circling the fort, there should be provision for streets
on all four sides. In this way, the fort will be protected by el-
ephants, horses, and warriors.
23. The houses are to be built in between two roads. Strong houses
are to be built for cows and other people who are opposed to the
enemies of the king.
24. Brahmins will reside in the Eastern (Prācyām) direction, Kṣatriyas
in the South (Yāmya), Vaiśyas in the North. Water-tanks, wells, will
be in the west and Śūdras will reside in the North.
25. Artists, actors will settle in the North-East (Īśa), those who survive
based on such other professions and untouchables at the South-
East (Vahni) corner, wine sellers and prostitutes towards the South-
West (Nairṛtya) and the hunters (Lubdhakas) should be settled at
the North-West (Vāyu) direction.
Varāha.
26. In a city village or house it is inauspicious if someone resides in
a corner plot, but the same will be prosperous for untouchables
and Caṇḍālas.
27. The Sun God will be placed in the Īśa corner, Gaṇādhipa in the
Vahni corner, Sahasrākṣa (Indra) in the Nairtya and Janārdana will be
placed in the Vāyu corner.
28. The God should face either towards East or West, never
towards South or North. It is best if they face towards the city
other-wise the deities will break.
29. The temples of Gaṇeśa, Bhairava, Caṇḍī, Nakula as well as other
planets, and mother goddess are regarded as auspicious if they
face towards the South.
30. The apes (Hanumān), monkeys are best if their faces are towards
the South-West (Nairṛtya) corner. Gaṇeśa, Dhanada (Kubera) and
Lakṣmī bring hap-piness if placed on the palace gate.

86 वास्तुमण्डनम्
वृत्तं वृत्तायताष्टास्रे अष्टपत्रं यवाकृतिः ।
स्वस्तिकं पुरुषाकारं दुर्गमित्यादौ सौख्यदम् ॥ ३१ ॥
एक द्वि शकटाकारं त्रिकोणं रसकोणकम्।
वज्रत्रिशूलभुजगाकारं कर्णाधिकं त्यजेत् ॥ ३२ ॥
नगरं शोभितं कार्यं हट्टप्राकारगोपुरैः ।
प्रसादभवनोद्यानकीर्तिस्तम्भजलाशयैः ॥ ३३ ॥
पुरार्धेन भवेद्ग्रामो ग्रामार्धेन तु खेटकम्।
खेटकार्धेन कूटं स्यात्कूटार्धेन तु कर्वटम् ॥ ३४ ॥
पुरे ग्रामे क्रमान्मार्गाः खेटे कूटे च कर्वटे ।
कार्या सप्तदशाङ्केषु त्रिद्विसंख्या दिशं प्रति ॥ ३५ ॥
इति दुर्गनगरादिलक्षणम् ॥
दुर्गाणां रक्षणार्थाय यन्त्राः कार्या यथाविधिः ।
भवन्ति जयदा राज्ञां मद्य^६मांसादिपूजिताः ॥ ३६ ॥
देवास

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 87
31. The fort brings happiness if its shape is circle, oval, eight cor-
nered, eight sided, and shape of a barley, Svastika or Puruṣa.
32. One or two may be of the shape of a cart and a fort may have
three or six corners in the shape of Vajra, trident or serpent; ex-
cess corners should be discarded.
33. The city should be decorated with markets, ramparts, Gopuras, pal-
aces, houses, gardens, pillars of fame and water reservoirs.
34. A village will be half of a city, a Kheṭaka will be half of a village, a
Kūṭa will be half of a Kheṭaka, and a Karvaṭa will be half of a Kūṭa.
35. In a city, village, Kheṭaka, Kūṭa, or Karvaṭa the roads should be
serially constructed. Among the 17 number of roads there will be
three or two roads in each direction.
These are the characteristics of a fort and a city-etc.
36. For the protection of a fort, machines should be manufactured in
the prescribed method. The king will be victorious if he worships
those with offerings of wine and meat.
37. While the war was going on between the Gods and demons, the
powerful demons overpowered the Gods. At that time, Lord Śiva
narrated the method of making weapons to Viśvakarmā.
38. Those weapons were of different types and made of stone,
which were devoid of blood stains. (After their use) the demons
were unable to get up and the Gods became winners .
39. Among eighty four types of machineries, nine are meant for using
in the air, nine are for water. Firearms are of six types and war
machines are of sixty varieties.
40. The weapon, which has an eight cubit long rod, is known as Bhairava,
while Candrasampatti is known to have nine cubits and Ādibhairava
is with ten cubit long rods.

88 वास्तुमण्डनम्
यस्य रुद्रकरैर्यष्टी गजभीमः स उच्यते।
अर्कहस्तायता यस्य स यन्त्रो युग्मभैरवः ॥ ४१ ॥
त्रयोदशकरैर्वह्निर्यमदण्डश्चतुर्दश ।
तिथिहस्तो महारौद्र इत्यष्टौ भैरवा मताः ॥ ४२ ॥
मर्कटी भैरवाख्यस्य त्रिकरा मध्यतः शुभाः।
द्वात्रिंशदङ्गुलां यष्टीं तस्या पृष्ठे तु कारयेत् ॥ ४३ ॥
पिण्डे षडङ्गुला यष्टी पृष्ठे व्यासे कलाङ्गुलाः ।
अग्रे वेदाङ्गुला ‘पृष्ठे कर्तव्या दृढकाष्ठजाः ॥ ४४ ॥
पृष्ठे छिद्रं तु यष्ट्याश्च मध्याद्भेदाङ्गुलं भवेत्।
मर्कटी सुदृढा पिण्डे कर्त्तव्याऽष्टाङ्गुला समा ॥ ४५ ॥
लोहेन चर्मणा यष्टीं मर्कटीं कारयेद्दृढाम्।
अग्राङ्गुली ‘प्रकर्त्तव्येत्वष्टमात्रे सुलोहजे ॥ ४६ ॥
गोः फणा वसुहस्ता च दैर्घ्ये सूत्रदुकूलजाः ।
फणा कलाङ्गुला व्यासे दैर्घ्य तद्विगुणा मताः ॥ ४७ ॥
नखाङ्गुला वा कर्तव्यो बाहुपाषाणवाहने ।
पञ्जरं त्रिकरं दैर्घ्ये वेदाङ्गुलिसमन्वितम् ॥ ४८ ॥
मर्कट्यङ्गे द्विहस्तं च पृथुत्वे(ऽ)ब्धिषडङ्गुलम् ।
द्वौ स्तम्भौ पञ्जरस्यापि कुलिन्दाख्यौ प्रकीर्त्तितौ ॥ ४९ ॥
मूर्ध्नि छिद्रे तयोर्यष्ट्याः पृष्ठछिद्रे इषु क्षिपेत्।
दृढां धातुमयीं कीलां पञ्जरस्यावलम्बने ॥ ५० ॥
पञ्जरं पूरयेद्धातुपाषाणैर्यन्त्रवाहने ।
सुदृढं कीलकै पट्टी चर्मभिः कारयेदिदम् ॥ ५१ ॥
८. पिंडे - In A
९. कर्तव्या अष्ट - In A

Ch. III - Durgādilakṣaṇam 89
41. That rod which is eleven cubits long, is known as Gajabhīma,
(while) Yugmabhairava has twelve cubits long rods.
42. Vahni is known to have thirteen cubit long rods and Yamadaṇḍa
has fourteen cubits. Mahāraudra has 15 cubits long rods and
these eight fall into the Bhairava category.
43. Markaṭī falls into the Bhairava category and it is auspicious if its
middle part is three hands in length; at its back, a rod
measuring 32 fingers in length is to be fixed.
44. A sixth Aṅgula rod should be fixed on the back side of the
Piṇḍa(base) and the width of the rod will be two Aṅgulas (Kalāṅgulas).
The front part of the base(Piṇḍa) will be four Aṅgulas and the back
part should be made of strong wood.
45. The hole at the back of the rod will be measured at a distance of
four Aṅgulas, Markaṭī should be firm at the base(Piṇḍa) and it
should be equal to eight Aṅgulas.
46. Both the rod and the lever (Markaṭī) should be made strong
with iron or leather belts. The front part should be made of
iron and measure eight Aṅgulas.
47. A bandage used as a catapult (Gophaṇā) will be eight hands in
length and the material will be made of silk thread. The cap
will be two Aṅgulas in breadth and double the size in length.
48. The iron cage (Pañjara) will be three hands and four Aṅgulas in
length (or fourfold), and it may be fitted with hands and claws for
bringing stones.
49. The Markaṭī will be two hands in diameter and its breadth will
be thirteen Aṅgulas. The two pillars of the Pañjara will be known
as Kulinda.
50. There will be a hole on the top of those two rods/and on the
back-side also, through which arrows are to be shot. Strong
metal nails will support this Pañjara (cage).
51. The Pañjara should be filled up with stones, metals, and it should
be made strong with the help of nails and leather covers.

90 वास्तुमण्डनम्
स्तम्भास्तु षट्करा १०व्यासे दैर्घ्ये मूर्ध्नि त्रिहस्तकाः ।
ऊर्ध्वे द्विभागौ त्र्यंशोऽधस्तत्रोत्पलनिवेशनम् ॥ ५२ ॥
ऊर्ध्ववेल्लनिका तेन समापिण्डे युगाङ्गुलाः ।
दशाङ्गुलान्तरे चान्या कर्त्तव्या चक्रवेल्लनी ॥ ५३ ॥
चक्रवेल्लनिकामध्यादशीत्यङ्गुलनिर्गमा ।
चक्रमानं द्विहस्ता तु पादोन त्रिकरावधिः ॥ ५४ ॥
ऊर्ध्ववेल्लनिकाधस्तात्प्रान्ते लोहस्य कीलिका ।
दक्षे कलाया रक्षार्थं ततो बन्धविमोक्षणम् ॥ ५५ ॥
ज्योतिका रक्षकं मध्ये कारयेत्कीलकं पुनः ।
पार्श्वयोर्ध्ववेल्लन्यां तनिकाकर्षणाय च ॥ ५६ ॥
विनाभ्यासेन सर्वेषां केवलं निष्फलः श्रमः ।
तस्मादभ्यसतो लक्ष्यादखिलं प्राप्यते गुरोः ॥ ५७ ॥
वाहयेत्प्रथमं शून्यं द्वितीये निक्षिपेद्बलिम् ।
तृतीये माहिषं मुण्डं चतुर्थे गोलकं क्षिपेत् ॥ ५८ ॥
तत्र भैरवभैरव्योः पूजा कार्या सदा नृपैः ।
रक्तादिपुष्पैर्नैवेद्यैर्मद्यमांसै११र्जयार्थिभिः ॥ ५९ ॥
१२दैर्घ्ये मन्वङ्गुलं प्रोक्तं व्यासायामे षडङ्गुलम् ।
यन्त्रैर्हस्तमिते कैश्चित् कार्यं युक्त्या सुपञ्जरम् ॥

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 91
52. The width of the pillars will be six hands and its length from the
top part will be three hands in measurement. The upper part
consists of two sections and the third section known as the
lower part will contain sharp, flat, iron blades.
53. The upper disc will be equal in measurement to the third part
and the base (Piṇḍa) will be four Aṅgulas. Another round disc
should be fixed at the distance of ten Aṅgulas.
54. From the center of the round disc, the exit will be measured at a
distance of eighty Aṅgulas. The measurement of the Cakra will be
from two hands to 2 ³/₄ ᵗʰ hands (minimized by one Pada up to
three hands).
55. An iron nail will be fixed on the corner of the lower part of the
upper disc. The right hand part is to be reserved for mechanical
contrivance and its subsequent discharge.
56. One nail should be fixed for the fire-container inside and again
for the pulling of the thread connecting the large side wheel.
57. Without practice, the effort of everybody will be fruitless. There-
fore one should practise constantly under the instructor to attain
success.
58. At first the target is in the air, in the second chance towards the
Bali, in the third to the bulls-head and in the fourth the throw will
be an iron ball.
59. So, a King will always worship Bhairava and Bhairavī with red
coloured and other flowers, devotional gifts (Naivedya), wine, meat,
prayers etc.
60. A well built Pañjara should be made after discussion; its length
will be of fourteen Aṅgulas, breadth and diameter will be of six
Aṅgulas, but, according to some, the arms will be measured with
hands.
61-62. The columns should be made five in number in the revolving
machine. The actual length of the disc will be fifteen Aṅgulas, if
measured by Hasta. Its measurement will be as outlined before,
the only difference being by columns. Among the people what is
known as Dhiṅkulī, is the same as Gourīyantra.

92 वास्तुमण्डनम्
एकस्तम्भेन मर्कट्या सर्वतोऽपि भ्रमत्ययम्।
यष्ट्यर्धे पक्षके तस्य दैर्घ्ये व्यासे त्रिभागतः ॥ ६३ ॥
पक्षयोश्च युगांशेन यष्ट्यासन्नात्र मर्कटी।
पाषाणं बन्धयेत्पृष्ठे भारः सर्वत्र कारणम् ॥ ६४ ॥
विधेयौ पक्षकौ स्तम्भे वेल्लन्या भ्रमणार्थकौ।
मर्कट्या यावती दैर्घ्ये ढिंकुली तावताधरः ॥ ६५ ॥
धरा दैर्घ्ये त्रिभागेन वेल्लनी पक्षकौ न्यसेत्।
उत्तमोऽनेकयन्त्रेषु गौरीयन्त्रः प्रकीर्तितः ॥ ६६ ॥
सर्वतो १३भ्रमणात्तेन सुखोपायेन सिद्धितः।
यन्त्रवाहाय सत्कृत्य दातव्यं नरनायकैः ॥ ६७ ॥
काञ्चनाभरणाक्षौमं ग्रामसद्वाहवाहनम् ॥ ६८ ॥
इति संग्रामयन्त्रलक्षणम् ॥
अग्नियन्त्रेषु नलेष्टाकाष्ठभ्लेश्ममोक्षणे।
सा तु रीतिमयी

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 93
63. This machine moves all round by one pillar of the Markaṭī. (In
a Markaṭī one column is moving it everywhere .) The wings will be
on the half part of the rod and the length and breadth will be 1/
3rd each.
64. The Markaṭī will be placed neither on the 1/4th part of the
wings, nor near the rod. A boulder should be hung at the back
for a uniform distribution of the pressure.
65-66. Two wings are to be set up on the pillar for moving the discs. The
height of the Markaṭī will be similar to the scale of the Dhiṅkulī.
The length of the scale will be divided into three segments. The
disc and the two wings are to be placed therein. Among various
arms of superior quality, Gaurīyantra is one such.
67-68. It can easily move everywhere, and it is conducive to easily avail-
able comforts. The carriers of the machines are to be rewarded
with gold ornaments, silks, villages and excellent vehicles for jour-
neys, by the leader of the people.
Thus ends the definition of war machinery.
69. Among the fire arms (Agniyantra) the tubular weapon is used to
throw bricks, wood, spears and stones. It is made of either brass
or bell metal and there is a cardinal point by which one can easily
aim at the target.
70. It should be strong, made of iron, close knitted and ornamented
with a serpent belt (Kaṭaka). It will be like the Dhattūra flower, but
the length will be three to six times.
71. The front part will be twice the base, the base part is half or little
more. Sometimes on the back a cover will be made like the whirls
of a conch.
72. Some mark a small hole there for ignition. According to the
size of the tube, medicament is to be inserted.
73. A piece of wood according to the size of the tube is to be placed
in front of the medicament. Then, in the mouth of the tube,
iron or wooden balls are to be put inside.

94 वास्तुमण्डनम्
पृष्ठछिद्रेऽग्निसंयोगाद्गोलाद्यं याति दूरतः ।
पुरप्राकारगेहादि ग्रामारामविमर्दनम् ॥ ७४ ॥
रिपूणां ते प्रकुर्वन्ति सैन्ये त्रासं च दारुणम् ।
राज्ञा जयकरा एते वह्नियन्त्रा अनेकशः ॥ ७५ ॥
विबुधैर्विहिताः पूज्याः पक्वान्नमदिरामिषैः ।
हव्यवाहनलीवांशी चर्मनद्धाद्विमुष्टिकाः ॥ ७६ ॥
दैर्घ्यं कार्यार्धदैर्घ्यस्य चतुर्थांशेन विस्तरा ।
ईषदार्द्रेण सूक्ष्मेण पूरयेदौषधेन ताम् ॥ ७७ ॥
कुट्टयित्वा मुहुस्तस्यारिक्तमेकांगुलं मुखम् ।
औषधार्धेन पृष्ठे स्याद्रन्ध्रं वह्नेर्यवप्रभम् ॥ ७८ ॥
एकद्वित्र्यङ्गुलैकं बां [वांशं ?]सरलामत्र तोलयेत् ।
सूर्योरुबुकसिंहस्य निर्वाणाङ्गारचूर्णकम् ॥ ७९ ॥
अग्रियन्त्रौषधार्थं तु गृहीतव्यं यथोदितम् ।
पञ्चषट्सप्तचाष्टौ वा भागाश्चेति शिलाजतः ॥ ८० ॥
गन्धस्यैकक्रमाच्चूर्णं सार्धं सार्धद्वियुग्मकम् ।
तद्भेषजस्य मार्गोऽयं भेदा अन्येऽप्यनेकशः ॥ ८१ ॥
वह्निसंयोगतस्तेषां दृश्यते बहुधा गतिः ।
गैरेयं द्विगुणं गन्धात्कुर्यात्तोयेन गोलिकाम् ॥ ८२ ॥
हव्यवाहा मुखे तारा वैरिणां पुरदाहकाः ॥ ८३ ॥
इति अग्रियन्त्रलक्षणम् ॥

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 95
74. With ignition at the back, the ball goes far and it destroys city
gates houses, villages and pleasure gardens.
75. These fire arms create panic among the enemy's soldiers and
these mostly bring victory for the Kings in many ways.
76-77. The weapon is to be worshipped with cooked rice, wine and meat.
That part of the fire tube which is covered with skin, will measure
eight Aṅgulas (Dvimuṣṭikā). The length will be for consideration of
utility and the breadth will be 1/4th of the 1/2 of the height.
That tube is to be filled up with slightly moistened minerals.
78. The minerals have to be repeatedly ground and the front part
measuring one Aṅgula will be filled up and the residual ground
minerals are to be poured into the small hole, measuring one Yava,
at the back for ignition.
79. One should measure one, two, three Aṅgulas of the Sūrya (Arka
(tree), the front part of the Siṁha (Olibanum tree), Rubuka (Castor
oil) and burnt coal dust.
80. In addition to the minerals earlier prescribed for fire arms, five,
six, seven or eight parts of bitumen are to be used.
81. One part of the sulphur (Gandhaka) is to be taken in proportion
of half, half and a pair of two. This is the procedure of taking the
minerals and there are innumerable other varieties.
82. After ignition, different directions of fire are marked. The balls are
to be made with bitumen, with twice the amount of sulphur mixed
with water.
83. From the mouth of the tube, the fire emits like stars and it will
burn the city of the enemies.
Here ends the description of the fire arms.

96 वास्तुमण्डनम्
अथ जलाशयाः ॥
युधिष्ठिरं प्रति श्रीकृष्णवाक्यम् ॥
वरं वर्षशतेनापि कृतैकाविहरी वने ।
नासञ्चिता गृहे कोटीक्षणध्वंसि धनस्य हि ॥ ८४ ॥
सर्वस्वेनापि कौन्तेय भूमिस्थमुदकं कुरु ।
कुलानि तारयेत्सप्त यत्र गौर्विटृषी भवेत् ॥ ८५ ॥
नन्दाभद्राजयावापी विजया च क्रमाद्युताः ।
त्रिषठनवार्ककूटैः स्युरेकद्वित्रिचतुर्मुखैः ॥ ८६ ॥
कूपाः स्युर्वेदहस्तादि दशहस्तान्तविस्तराः ।
श्रीमुखो विजयः प्रान्तो दुन्दुभिश्च १४मनोहरः ॥ ८७ ॥
चूडामणिश्च दिग्भद्रो जयो नन्दनशङ्करौः ।
कुण्डं युगास्रं भद्रं स्यात्सुभद्रं भद्रसंयुक्तम् ॥ ८८ ॥
प्रतिभद्रैर्युतं नन्दं परिघं मध्यभिट्टवत् ।
शतान्तमष्टहस्तादि चतुर्द्वाराणि कारयेत् ॥ ८९ ॥
मध्यभिट्टे च शालासु देवार्चास्तत्र विन्यसेत् ।
सरोनामार्धचन्द्राभं वृत्ताकारं महासरः ।
चतुरस्रं तु भद्रं स्यात्सुभद्रं भद्रसंयुक्तम् ।।९० ।।
अथ उद्यानम् ॥
आरामकारकोनाके वसेदिन्द्रायुतत्रयम् ॥ ९१ ॥
शूराणां पूजनं भोगः प्रीणनं प्राणिनां ततः ।
पुरादिमध्ये बाह्ये वा कुर्यादुद्यानमुत्तमम् ॥ ९२ ॥
१४. नमोहरः - In D

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 97
Now the reservoirs:
It is Śrīkṛṣṇa's advice to Yudhiṣṭhira :-
84. It is better to roam around the forests for a hundred years than to
reserve money in the house, for wealth may be destroyed within a
moment.
85. So, O Kaunteya– even if you have to give all your money, dig one
water reservoir in the land. If the cows are made free of thirst then
your seventh generation will be relieved from worldly sufferings.
86. The water reservoirs named as Nandā³, Bhadrā, Jayā and Vijayā will
be serially connected with three, six, nine, and twelve projections
with one, two, three, and four entrances.
87-89a. Dimensions of the Kūpas⁴ will start from four hands up to ten
hands. They are of manifold varieties known as - Śrīmukha, Vijayā,
Prānta, Dundubhi, Manohara. Cūḍāmaṇi, Digbhadra, Jaya, Nandana
and Śaṅkara. The Kuṇḍas will be square in shape and their variet-
ies will be Bhadra, Subhadra which is an addition to Bhadrā, Nandā,
which is attached to Pratibhadra and Parigha which is similar to
Madhyabhiṭṭa.
89b-90a. In breadth, a Kuṇḍa will be from eight hands to 100 hands and it
will be accompanied by four entrances. In the Madhyabhiṭṭa as well
as in Śālā, an image of God should be installed. Sara resembles the
half crescent of the Moon while Mahāsara is round in shape. Bhadra
is a square one, while Subhadra is joined together with Bhadra.
Now the garden:
90b-92. He, who lays out a pleasure garden, resides in the heaven for
420,000 years. There he does worship of the gods, has enjoy-
ment and by pleasing the creating beings. The best type of garden
is to be created either inside or outside the city.

3. Nandā - Ekavaktra and Trikūṭa
   Bhadrā - Dvivaktra and Ṣaṭkūṭa
   Jayā - Trivakra and Navakūṭa
   Vijaya - Caturvaktra and Dvādaśakūta L.K. Shukla - P. 53
4. Here we find a Kūpa will be from 4 hands to 10 hands in dimension but in L.K. Shukla's
   book which mainly deals with Samarāṅgaṇa Sūtradhāra, reference of a Kūpa measuring
   13 hands is also available.

98 वास्तुमण्डनम्
गृहस्य वामे दक्षे वा एकद्वित्रिधनुःशतैः।
नानाद्रुमलतोपेतं क्रीडास्थानशतैर्वृतम् ॥ ९३ ॥
तोयाशयः घटीयन्त्रधारागृहविराजितम् ॥ ९४ ॥
इति श्रीसूत्रधारमण्डनविरचिते वास्तुशास्त्रे पुरदुर्गजलाशयलक्षणाध्यायस्तृतीयः।

Ch. III – Durgādilakṣaṇam 99
93-94. It will be either on the right side or left side of the house, and its
measurement will be one, two or three hundred Dhanus⁵. It is
adorned with varieties of trees, creepers, hundreds of playgrounds,
water-reservoirs, water-buckets, and bathrooms with showers.
Thus ends the third chapter of Vāstumaṇḍana, the book of architectures written by
Śrī Sūtradhāra Maṇḍana. It describes the fort machineries and water reservoirs.
There are 94 Ślokas.
5. F.N. चतुर्हस्तैर्धनुर्दण्डः 4 hands = 1 Dhanu - 1 hand approximately 18 inches - 4 x 18 = 72
inches Dhanu 72 x 100 = 7200 inches = 60 ft.

चतुर्थोऽध्यायः
[ गृहादिनिवेशः ]
गृहं हि सर्वजन्तूनां लयस्थानं सुखास्पदम्।
त्रिवर्गसाधनं पुण्यमिष्टापूर्तप्रवर्त्तकम्॥ १॥
शीतवाताम्बुघर्मादि दुःखघ्नं मुनिभिर्मतम्।
वाटभित्तं पुरा कृत्वा तन्मध्ये कारयेद्गृहम्॥ २॥
चतुर्हस्तं गृहं व्यासे प्रोक्तं श्रीविश्वकर्मणा।
द्वात्रिंशत्करपर्यन्तं ततो दैर्घ्येऽपि तत्समम्॥ ३॥
साष्टमांशं सपादं वा सार्धं वा द्विगुणावधिः।
विस्तारादधिकं दैर्घ्यं श्रेष्ठं व्यासे भयावहम्॥ ४॥
द्वात्रिंशत्कर¹विस्तीर्णं भवेद्ब्राह्मणमन्दिरम्।
प्रत्येकं क्षत्रियादीनां चतुर्हस्तैर्विहीनकम्॥ ५॥
दशाष्टत्रिचतुर्भागैरायामे क्रमतोऽधिकम्।
एतन्मूलगृहं प्रोक्तं तद्वाह्ये वाटभित्तिका॥ ६॥
प्राकारकोटभित्तीनां प्रमाणं तु यदृच्छया।
मध्यक्षेत्रे प्रकर्त्तव्यमायव्ययविशोधनम्॥ ७॥
सर्वक्षेत्रान्तरे शालालिन्दकोष्ठादिनिर्मितः।
कार्या पुत्रधनक्रीडाभोजनादिकं सन्ततेः॥ ८॥

१. विस्ताद्रं in B विस्तारं in CDE

Chapter IV
[Gṛhādiniveśaḥ]
Now the arrangement of the houses

1. For every living being, the house is the dwelling place and it is the
   place of enjoyment too. It also leads to the fulfilment of three
   goals in life and it encourages one towards the holy works, both
   material and heavenly.
2. According to the ancient sages it (house) protects us from the
   sufferings caused by cold, wind, water and summer heat. After
   constructing a road and enclosure, the house should be built
   inside.
3. According to Śrī Viśvakarmā, the breadth of the house starts from
   four hands in measurement, and will extend up to 32 hands, and
   the length will be equal to that.
4. The length should be more than the breadth by 1/8th, 1/4th, 1/
   2 or double, but if breadth exceeds the length, it would be dan-
   gerous.
5. The house of a Brahmin should be 32 hands in extent. The
   house of Kṣatriyas and other castes should be 4 hands less, re-
   spectively.
6. Gradually the length will be more by 10, 8, 3, 4 parts than the
   breadth, it is said about the main building and on the outer side
   there will be an enclosure wall .
7. The dimension of the rampart, fort and enclosure wall can be
   done according to one's own requirement. Only in the central
   place, the Āya, Vyaya should be examined according to the rule. 7.
8. Within that enclosure Śālā, Alinda, Koṣṭha etc. should be made for
   the children, so that these can be used for preserving wealth,
   pleasure room, and dining place.

102 वास्तुमण्डनम्
द्वात्रिंशत्करतो ग्रामभूमिभागं विशेषतः ।
गृहाणि भूपतीनां स्युर्यावदष्टोत्तरं शतम् ॥ ९ ॥
व्यासे हस्तैः समं राज्ञां गृहं दैर्घ्ये च पूर्ववत् ।
दृढं मनोहरं कुर्यादनेकाकारसंयुतम् ॥ १० ॥
महाराजगृहात् पुत्रमन्त्रिसामान्यभूभृताम् ।
हस्तैर्हीनान् गृहान्कुर्यात्तेषां युक्तिवशात्सुधीः ॥ ११ ॥
पुरस्य २षोडशांशेन मध्ये कोटं ३सुनिश्चलम् ।
तन्मध्ये भवनं राज्ञः कलशध्वजभूषितम् ॥ १२ ॥
अष्टवर्गा अकाराद्याः पूर्वादिक्षु प्रदक्षिणे ।
स्थितास्तत्र गृहाणि स्युर्वर्णिणां नगरादिषु ॥ १३ ॥
गरुडस्त्वथ मार्जारः सिंहः श्वा सर्पमूषकौ ।
मृगो मेढ्रश्च वर्गेशा वैरी यो यस्य सन्मुखः ॥ १४ ॥
दीपाम्नायः ॥
दीपाम्नाये अकाराद्यान्मध्याद्वर्गान् क्रमाल्लिखेत् ।
स्वरान्षोडशमध्ये तु क्षमीशानस्य कोष्ठके ॥ १५ ॥
स्ववर्गं मन्दिरे कुर्याद्दीपस्थानं तदेव हि ।
मन्त्रादिसाधनं तत्र सिद्धयेऽन्यत्र निष्फलम् ॥ १६ ॥
देशदीपे पुरं कुर्यात्पुरदीपे च मन्दिरम् ।
मन्दिरे शयनाद्यं च प्रोक्तमागमकोविदैः ॥ १७ ॥
वास्तुक्षेत्रं यथायोग्यं चतुरस्रं तथायतम् ।
षडस्रमष्टकोणं च वर्तुलं वर्तुलायतम् ॥ १८ ॥
२. षोडरगंशन in B
३. सुनिश्चयम् in DE

Ch. IV – Gṛhādiniveśaḥ 103
9. Especially in the village, the division of land starts from 32 hands,
and the house of a land-lord will be up to 108 hands in length.
10. For a King, it is prescribed that both the breadth and length of
the house will be same. ( i.e. 108 hands) . It should be made
strong, beautiful and in various shapes.
11. In comparison to the King’s palace, the house of a prince, Mantri
and ordinary landlords will be less by several hands. A learned
man will do it according to his own judgment.
12. In the central 16th part of the city, a strong fort should be built.
Therein, the King’s palace should be built decorated with pitcher
and flag.
13. Going round 8 Vargas from the east, starting from ‘A’, is the place,
where the houses of Vargis should be built in all the cities.
14. Garuḍa, as well as the cat, lion, dog, snake, rat, deer, sheep are the
lords of their own Varga. A Varga opposite to another Varga will
be treated as each other’s enemy.
Sacred tradition of the lamp
15 In the sacred tradition of the lamp, the Vargas should be drawn
from inside, starting from ‘A’. Among the 16th Svaras, ‘Kṣa’
should be placed on the house of Īśāna ..
16. In similar types of temples, the location of the lamp-stands will
be similar . Then there will be accomplishment of the Mantras, in
other place it will yield no result.
17. A city should be built in Deśadīpa and a temple should be erected
in Puradīpa . There will be place for sleeping in a temple, say the
people who are proficient in traditional doctrine.
18. Suitably, the plot of land will be either square or oblong in shape.
It will be with six or eight corners, round and oval shaped.