शिवज्ञानबोध (मेय्कण्डार - शैव सिद्धान्त का आधारभूत दार्शनिक सूत्र ग्रन्थ)

116 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
" Like the fire latent in wood and the ghee latent in milk,
the Great Jodhi (Light) is non-apparent. But with the churner
of Love and the rope of knowledge, one churns the milk or rubs
the firewood, butter or fire will become apparent."
So it is in the body of Bhaktas that God's Presence is a
living Presence, and it is by reason of this, the divine word
that " Ye are the Temple of God," is pre-eminently true. So
when we want to worship Him, we must worship Him in the
Bhakta. But it is not the whole truth to say that we are alone the
Temples of God. He is everywhere and especially in forms which
excite our Love most (4a). This is the general rule for all.
It does not matter what form people choose, provided it is that
which excite their Love most. Passing beyond this law, is
the principle that all the forms in the temples are what
are said to be Mantra Sorupam. The Form adopted is not an
unmeaning stock or stone but one full of meaning and of the
Divine Idea. I have elsewhere enlarged upon this subject, and
it may be here sufficient to remark that mantrams are symbolic
representations of the Deity by the ear and when the same are
converted into symbols of the eye, we get the Forms in our Tem-
ples. (3b) Let the ignorant, therefore, not sneer at our temples.
The various cautions conveyed in the arguments and illustrations
of this very sutra, not to mistake the symbol for the truth, and
not to suppose that God is only present in these Forms, will
clear up all doubts that may exist in the matter. Then, again,
of all the Forms, that are to be met with in our temples, from
Gouri Shanker (Mt Everest) to Cape Comorin and beyond, and from
the Caves of Elephanta to Mahabalipuram, the form of the Linga
is the most universal and frequent; and not only so, it is, in fact,
the most ancient form of worship. It may be noticed that the
Linga Form of worship is the one most met with in the pages of
the Mahabaratha; for instance, see the conversation which takes
place between Vyasa and Ashwathama after the latter was de-

TWELFTH SUTRA. 117
feated by Arjuna, in which Vyasa points out that the real cause of
superiority in Arjuna, consisted in his worshipping the Linga
Form of Siva, whereas Ashwathama worshipped a Personal Form
of Siva. But it is not only in the pages of Mahabaratha and
Ramayana that this form of worship is met with, but hundreds of
passages from the Veda and Upanishads may be quoted to prove
the worship. The reader is further cautioned not to mistake the
Linga for any phallic symbol, as is ignorantly supposed. See the
pages of 'the Secret Doctrine' for an explanation of the 'Lipika,'
which almost applies to the Linga.
Cf. The words of the Great Poet :
“There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,
The earth, and every common object,
To me did seem,
Apparell'd in Celestial light,
The Glory and the freshness of a dream.”
This is as regards the recollections of the child ; but scient-
ists may or may not agree with the poet, if the child does possess
any thoughts at all at the time. The poet had yet to rise to the
thought that to the True Bhakta or Gnani the earth and every
common object will appear apparelled in celestial light ; and
more, the earthly aspect will altogether vanish before him and
the Divine Presence alone will be felt.

118 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
IN PRAISE OF MEIKANDA DEVA.
The Saint Meikanda Deva has translated together
with reasons and illustrations for the benefit of mankind,
the great Sivagnana Botham which was graciously given
out by Nandi at the earnest entreaties of my master Sanat-
kumara.
Let me worship the teacher who has translated, in
Tamii, Sivagnana Botham which, like the mirror reflecting
a great mountain, contains in itself all the truths contained
in all the learned Shasters.

GLOSSARY.
Abéda ... Oneness; one: not different.
Abháva ... A term used in Logic to denote one of the seven
categories, meaning non-existence.
Achalam ... Immovable: permanent.
Achit ... Non-intelligent; non Ego; matter; Asat.
Adikarana ... A complete argument dealing with one question;
a thesis.
Ádisakti ... The Original Divine Power or Light identified with
the Divine Light of Gayatri.
Adisúkshuma ... Least of the least; most subtle.
Advaitha ... Non-dualism.
Ágama ... The revealed word, one of the 28 books, ascribed
to God, Siva.
Ágama Pramána ... One of the four proofs employed by Hindu Logi-
cians, meaning the Highest authority or word of
God, Sabda Pramana, Sruthi Pramana.
Ágnja ... Authority.
Ágnjá Sakti ... The Divine Power.
Agnánam ... Ignorance.
Ahadyán ... Inner worship; esoteric worship; true worship.
Ahankára ... One of the four Andakaranas; Pride of self; self
knowledge.
Ákámia Karma ... See under Karma.
Ákás ... The highest of the five elements; Ether.
Ánava ... See under Pasa.
Andakarana ... A generic name to denote all the four internal
senses, Manas, Bhuddhi, Chittam and Ahankára.
Ánanda ... Bliss; Happiness.
Anékésvara Vadi ... The School of Thinkers who hold that there are
many Gods.
Anumána ... Inference; one of the four proofs of Hindu Logi-
cians.
Anu ... An atom; very small; Soul.
Anubhava ... }
Anubhúthi ... } Experience.

120 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
Arivu ... Intelligence; Soul.
Aruḷ ... Grace; Divine Grace.
Arul Sakti ... The Power of Divine Grace.
Asat ... Non-ego; matter, other than Sat; Achit, other than
Souls, and God.
Átma ... This word is invariably to denote the Soul, in all
Siddhantha works; In Vedantha works, this
word is used to denote the Soul, Jivatma, and
God, Paramatma.
Avasthá ... One of the conditions or states of the Soul's existence.
Jagra avastha ... Waking state.
Swapna avastha ... Dreaming state.
Sushupthi avastha ... State of dead sleep.
Thuriya avastha ... State of the Soul breathing in bodies, in which
consciousness is not yet developed.
Thuriyathithum ... The state of the Soul in its original, unevolved and
undeveloped state.
Kevala avastha ... The avastha named last is Kévala Avastha. The
other four avasthas constitute Sakala avastha. The
state of the Jívanmukta is the Sutta avastha.
Avatár ... Incarnation.
Aviddhei ... Ignorance.
Bandham ... Bond; fetters.
Mala Bandham ... Bond of ignorance, and of matter.
Bávana ... Imagining; thinking of something else as known.
Soham bavana ... Imagining God as oneself.
Bhakti ... Love of God; Devotion.
Bétham ... Difference; Duality.
Béthábétham ... Being nondual and dual.
Brahm ... (Neuter gender); (Literally) means Great; Supreme
Being; The Omnipresent Being.
Brahma ... (Masculine Gender) one of the Hindu Trinity
regarded as the author of creation; according to
the view of the Siddhanthi, he is regarded as a
mortal as well as the other two of the Trinity.
Bhóga ... Enjoyment.
Bhouddam ... Buddhism, exoteric as it is now called, denying
the existence of the Soul and God, and proclaim-
ing the supremacy of, the human Reason or
Buddhi alone.
Buddhi ... Reason; one of the four Andakaranás.

121
GLOSSARY.
Buvana ... The whole material universe.
Chaitanyam ... Intelligence.
Maha Chaitanyam ... Supreme Intelligence.
Chit ... Intelligence.
Chit Sakti ... Divine Intelligence or Energy; Gnana Sakti.
Chittam ... Sense of Perception; one of the four Andakaranás.
Chúrniká ... A brief abstract; a style of expression.
Dvaitham ... Dualism.
Ékam ... One.
Ékatma Vádam ... Monism; the theory according to which there is
only one Intelligent entity and that there are
no such entities as Souls or matter; the theory
of Idealism.
Guru ... (Literally.) The dispeller of darkness; The teacher
who removes the ignorance of his pupil.
Sat Guru or Sarguru. The Divine Teacher, who by His Grace, removes the
fetters of man.
Jñânam ... Intelligence; knowledge; wisdom.
Gnana Sakti ... The Divine Intelligence.
Gñeya ... Knowable.
Gnāthuru ... The knower.
Hara ... The Supreme Energy; God; Siva; Iswara.
Hétu ... The reason; one of the propositions in the Syllo-
gism of the Hindu Logician.
Hómam ... Sacrifice.
Ísa ... Hara; Siva; God; Brahm.
Ísvara ... This word as used by Siddanthis is Synonimous
with Brahm but as used by Sri Sankaracharya, it
means the Lower Brahm and the distinction of
Higher and Lower Brahm finds no place in the
Siddhantha School.
Indriya ... Sensory organ.
Jagat ... The universe; the world; matter.
Jágra avastha ... See Avastha.
Jīva ... The Soul; the embodied Soul.
Jivan Mukta ... The person who has obtained liberation or final
bliss even as he is in the human body. He can
never be reborn in the flesh. The socalled
Mahatmas are not Jívan Muktas but mortals
enjoying a higher plane of existence. A Christ
or a Buddha may become a Jívan Mukta and

122 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
if it is said of them that they are reborn in the
flesh at different times, they are not Muktas but
only r .
Jódi ... Light.
Kalpa ... Periodic evolution.
Karma ... One of the three Bandam or Mala or Pasa which
fetters the Soul. The sum total of human action,
involved as cause and effect, producing pleasure
and pain and causing rebirths.
Praraptha ... Fruits of previous Karma eaten in the present life.
Akamia ... Seeds gathered while so eating.
Sangchitham ... Such seeds when sown in the next life become
Sangchitham.
Karana ... A sense organ, whether external or internal.
Kárana ... Cause.
Nimitha ... Efficient cause.
Upathana ... Material cause.
Thunai or Sahakari. Instrumental cause.
Kárana Saríra ... See Saríra.
Kartá Creator ; the Lord ; God.
Kévala avastha ... See Avastha.
Kriyá ... Action, ritual or ceremonial. The second of the
four Pathams or modes or Sadana for attaining
Moksha.
Kriya Sakti ... The Divine Energy. God as conceived as the author
of evolution.
Lókáyátha ... The materialist ; the atheist.
Mala ... Impurity ; impurity of the Soul ; the coverings or
fetters of the Soul.
Máya ... (Literally). That which is evolved and resolved ;
matter ; cosmic matter; non ego ; object. It does
not mean Mitya or delusion or illusion. I find
the word invariably so translated in all the exist-
ing translations of Sanskrit works into English.
This is forcing into the word the views of a
particular school of Philosophers, namely the
Hindu Idealists.
Anava ... Agnana ; Ignorance ; the Soul's inherent impurity or
imperfection. .
Karma .l. See Karma above.
Manas ... The faculty of the mind which is exercised im-
mediately after a perception. One of the four
Andakaranas.

GLOSSARY. 123
Mantra ... A Vedic Hymn; any prayer or sacred or mystic
word recited or contemplated in Divine worship.
Máyá ... See Mala.
Máyávádam ... Idealism. The doctrine that regards the Souls and
the material universe as non-existent a mere
myth, a delusion or illusion. The Saiva, Rama-
nuja, and Madhwa are all agreed in applying
the term to denote the Hindu Idealist, though
the Hindu Idealist does not relish the term and
the usage itself is very old. The same as
Ékátmavádam.
Máyávádi ... An Idealist.
Mitya ... Illusion or delusion. Could this word have been
confounded with Máyá ?
Mukta ... The finally emancipated and beatified Soul. (Lit :)
freed.
Mukti ... } Emancipation from Pasa or Mala Bandha and
Móksha ... } attaining Bliss or Anantha Anubhava.
Múlaprakriti ... Same as Maya; undifferentiated cosmic matter.
Násthikam ... Atheism.
Nátham ... The sound of Pranava. The deity as representing
the sound of the Pranava; God, as present in the
universe, when at the very beginning of evolution,
the great Sound or Subdam or Natham bursts
forth; cosmic matter in the state of Sound.
Nimitta Kárana ... See Kárana.
Nirvikári ... The unchangeable.
Nirmala or Ninmala... The Perfect Being; The Pure Being.
Padártha ... An entity or category.
Panchákshara ... The Mystic Mantra, formed out of Pranava and used
by Saivas in Divine contemplation.
Pápam ... Sin or Sinful acts; acts tending to cause pain to
sentient beings.
Para ... The Supreme.
Paripúranam ... Omnipresence.
Paraprayójanam ... The good of others; Altruistic Acts.
Pása ... A bond or fetters or impurity or darkness; same as
Mala; see Mala.
Pasu ... Soul; Atma.
Pathi ... The Lord; God; Siva.
Pathijñāna ... Sivagnana.
Pillaiyár ... The Divine Child; God Ganesha.

124 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
Pillaiyár Suli ... The Symbol of Ganesha ; Pranava.
Prakása ... Light.
Pramána ... Mode of Proof ; Proof.
Agama Pramána... Proof of a thing by means of God's word or of a
trustworthy Authority.
Anumana do. ... Proof by Inference.
Prathiaksha do. ... Proof by observation.
Upamana do. ... Proof by analogy.
Prapancha ... The universe ; Jagat ; the seen universe.
Pranaváyu ... The breath or Life as distinct from the Soul. Yet,
ludicrously enough some Missionaries and Orient-
al Scholars think that we mistake the breath for
the Soul and that we have no idea of the Soul !
Praraptha Karma ... See Karma.
Pralaya Kalars ... Souls with the fetters of Karma Mala and Ánava Mala.
Púja ... Worship ; contemplation.
Purusha ... The Soul.
Sabda Brahm ... Same as Natha Brahm ; God, as represented in
Mantric form audible to the ear.
Sádana ... Mode or way of attaining some end. The practices,
psychical and otherwise for emancipating oneself
from Pása and attaining Bliss.
Sariya ... Devotional practices, altruistic in their nature.
Kriya ... Religious rituals and worship of God.
Yoga ... Psychical Practices, required for contemplation of
God.
Jnana ... Attaining the knowledge of God.
Sadásivam ... Same as Siva Sat or Sat Chit. God manifest to the
World as Divine Energy (Kriya) and Supreme
Intelligence (Gnana). The Hindu Trinity merely
represents God's Energy or Kriya aspect, and not
His Gnana aspect.
Sahakári ... See Kárana.
Sakti ... Divine Power.
Ichcha ... Divine Will.
Kriya ... Divine Energy.
Jnana ... Divine Intelligence.
Aruḷ ... Divine Grace.
Sakalar ... Souls of the last order possessing all the three
Mala Banthams, and includes, all sentient beings
and Devas.

GLOSSARY. 125
Samaváya ... One of the seven categories of the Hindu Logici-
ans. Inseparable coinherence of attributes.
Samháram ... Decay ; Reabsorption ; Resolution ; Dissolution.
Sankara ... The Doer of Good ; God ; Siva.
Sarguru or Satguru ... The true Teacher ; the Divine Teacher ; see Guru.
Sarguru Darsan ... The sight of the Divine Guru.
Saríra ... Body.
Sthula Saríra ... The body of the Soul in the waking state or Jagra
avastha.
Súkshuma or Linga } The body of the Soul in the Swapna avastha or
Sarira. } Dream condition.
Karana Saríra .:. The body in profound sleep and in two other higher
avasthas.
Sat ... The Truth ; That which is permanent ; God regarded
as Himself and not as manifest to the World.
Satasat ... Atma.
Sat Chit ... Same as Sadásivam or Siva Sat. God regarded as
Sat when it is not manifest to the World and as
Chit when it is manifest to the World.
Satchidánanda ... God when known by the Mukta ; when God appears
as Love.
Siddhántham ... The True End ; the Saiva Adwaitha Philosophy.
Siddhánti ... A Saiva ; a follower of the above school.
Siva ... Brahm ; God and not one of the Trinity.
Sivóham ... Same as Sóham.
Sivajñánam ... See Pathi Gñanam.
Sjvajñána Siddhi ... The second of the 14 Siddhantha Sastrâs and the
largest and most comprehensive work of the
series.
Sóham ... It is I : God is myself ; One of the Sadanás
required for elevating the Soul to the Presence
of God ; used also as Hamsa.
Sorúpam ... Form.
Srishti ... Creation ; origination.
Sthithi ... Development ; sustentation.
Súnyam ... Non-apparent, as when the object vanishes in
pure subjective mood. It does not mean non-
existence or nothing.
Sūshupthi ... See Avastha.
Sváthanthryam ... A free right.
Svaprayójanam ... Selfish end ; one's own good.

126 SIVAGNANA BOTHAM.
Tánu ... Animal Body.
Tapas ... Sariya, Kriya and Yoga; Religious and ascetic
practices; Devotion.
Tapólóka ... Heavens; conditions or states of the Souls under-
going rest after death, the condition being
pleasurable.
Tatparam ... Supreme Lord; Lord of all.
Tatvás ... Component parts of the body and Soul.
Tégánmavádí ... Materialist; those who deny the existence of a
mind and Soul.
Thripadártha ... The three entities, postulated by Saivas, and
Vaishnavas.
Turíya ... }
Turíyátíta ... } See Avastha.
Udárana ... An analogy; illustration or upamana.
Upamána ... Same as udárana
Upamana Poli ... False analogy.
Upádána Kárana ... See Kárana.
Vártikam ... A concise explanatory note.
Vásaná Mala ... Evil of association, or habit.
Vishnu ... In Siddantha Philosophy, Vishnu is one of the
Trinity, and does not represent the Thuriya
Padartha, the Supreme Brahm. It represents
Mulaprakriti Tatwa. He is capable of Avatars
and as such included among the Sakalars. It is
a personal God and is regarded as an anthropomor-
phic representation.
Vinthu ... The form of Pranava.
Vijñānakalar ... The highest of the three order of Souls.
They have only Anava Mala.
Visishtádvaitam ... Qualified nor-dualism.
Vyápaka ... All container.
Vyáppiya ... The contained.
Vyápti ... Associated with the contained.
Yóga ... Psychical practices used as aids to Divine con-
templation and for acquiring spiritual power.

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