व्यवहारमयूख (नीलकण्ठ भट्ट - पश्चिमी भारत की हिन्दू न्याय-संहिता एवं व्यवहार कोष)

arghya¹ and ending with ornaments in due order, he ( the judge ) should
then get ready for the subsidiary deities the worship beginning with arghya
and ending with ornaments and should offer ( to dharma and the subsi-
diary deities ) the service beginning with sandalwood and ending with
naivedya.² He ( the judge ) should light fires in the four principal
quarters and offer oblations at the hands of persons versed in the Vedas
of clarified butter, havis ( boiled rice ) and fuel sticks that are the mate-
rials of homa He should perform homa with the ( sacred ) Gāyatrī,
praṇava ( the sacred syllable om ) and add svāhā at the end
Havis means 'caru' ³ The revered Mīmāṁsaka from the Gauḍa country
( viz Raghunandana ) says in his Divyatattva that clarified butter, boiled rice
and fuel sticks are to be offered to the same deities (dharma as principal and
the rest as subsidiary ), they are to be thrown on to the fire together ( and
not separately ) as in the case of the sānnāyya offerings ⁴ But this is not
correct In this case it is impossible to have a single joint performance
(tantratā), as the means of offering (the three substances) are different viz.
the sruva ladle is (the proper means) of offering ājya as said in the sentence
'he ( the priest ) divides with the sruva', the sruc is ( the proper means)
of offering caru ( boiled rice ) as follows from the sūtra of Āśvalāyana ⁵
and the like to the effect 'he covers once ( with ghee the juhū ladle )', 'he
divides off two portions of the boiled rice from the middle and the part of it
to the east,' 'he sprinkles ghee over the boiled rice and over the portion
divided off,' 'this is the characteristic procedure for all avadānas ( offer-
ings )'; and as the hand is the proper means for offering fuel sticks on
account of its fitness In the case of the sānnāyya offerings ( curds and
milk ), a single joint performance ( offering of the two materials together ) is
proper, as the juhū ( ladle ) is the means of offering both The same
author ( Pitāmaha ) says.
Having written down on a leaf ( paper ) the subject-matter for
which the defendant ( or accused ) is proceeded against, the leaf should
be placed on the head ( of the person undergoing the ordeal ) together
with the following mantra

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1. Arghya is water offered by way of honour.
2. This is some eatable, such as raw-sugar &c.
   3 Vide notes to V M. p 89 for explanation of caru.
3. Vide notes to V M p 90 for sānnāyya and the proposition of Raghunandana explain-
   ed in detail Sānnāyya is a name given to a mixture of curds and milk offered to Indra or
   Mahendra. As the deity is the same they are offered together Therefore Raghunandana
   argues that the three substances ājya, havis and samidh should be offered together For
   detailed exposition of this complicated passage and of sruva, sruc, juhū, sāmarthya and
   tantra vide notes to V M pp 91--93.
4. Compare Āśvalāyanagṛhyasūtra I, 10. 18 and I, 7. 10 -12 for the passages referred
   to here.
   V. M. 7