व्यवहारमयूख (नीलकण्ठ भट्ट - पश्चिमी भारत की हिन्दू न्याय-संहिता एवं व्यवहार कोष)

6 VYAVAHĀRAMAYŪKHA [ S I 1 9-10
[ M p 4 l 32-p 5 l 18
by various callings and belonging to different castes. And śreṇis are the
opposite of pūgas. Kulāni (means) the assembly of castemen, relatives
and blood relations. Bṛhaspati (p 281 v 25) also says
For those who move about in the forest a court should be held in the
forest, for soldiers in the army and for merchants in the caravans.

• Karaṇa (means) sabhā (court). Kātyāyana mentions the (proper) time
  for investigating judicial proceedings
  The king putting down his foes should decide the causes conformably to
  the rules laid down in the śāstras in the court and in the first half of the
  day. The three parts¹ of the day omitting the (first) eighth part of it are
  declared to be the best time for (investigating) judicial proceedings as laid
  down in the śāstra.
  The eighth part is half of the first watch (of the day), the three parts
  are those that are subsequent to it and precede mid-day. And Samvarta decl-
  ares the tithis (lunar days) that are to be omitted (for investigating judicial
  proceedings)
  The wise should not look into judicial proceedings on these tithis viz.
  the 14th day (of the two halves of the month) the new moon the full
  moon and the eighth.
  Bṛhaspati (p 280 v 23) says
  Having occupied that (court) in the first half of the day along with
  the old the councillors and dependants he (the king) should investigate
  (judicial proceedings) and should listen to (the expositions of) purāṇas
  dharmaśāstra and arthaśāstra.
  Tam (means) the sabhā (the court). Arthaśāstra² (means) the science
  of politics. Nārada (p 15 v 39) declares (a rule of preference) in case of
  conflict between dharmaśāstra and arthaśāstra
  Where there is a conflict between dharmaśāstra and arthaśāstra
  one should do what is laid down in the dharmaśāstra and discard the
  dictates of arthaśāstra.
  But in case of conflict between two texts of dharmaśāstra, Yājñavalkya
  (2. 21) says
  ―――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
  1 'The three parts &c.'—the idea is that the day (of 12 hours) is to be divided into eight
  parts (of 1½ hours each) and the court was to be held after the first part (of 1½ hours)
  and before midday (i.e. roughly between 7.30 A.M. and noon).
  2 Arthaśāstra—Mandlik and Bor. translate this as 'moral laws' but this is wrong. The
  well-known work of Kauṭilya on politics and state administration is styled arthaśāstra.
  P. 6 (text)