वृक्षायुर्वेद (सुरपाल - प्राचीन भारतीय पादप-विज्ञान, कृषि एवं वृक्ष-चिकित्सा सटीक)

Table 2. continued
Materials recommended | Verse number(s) | Constituents/properties reported¹ | Additional information
Vaca (Zingiber zerumbet) | 194, 195 | Antibacterial. | The oil containing monocyclic sesquiterpene ketone called zerumbone shows antibacterial properties.
Kusta (costus) | 194 | Insecticidal (repellents, antifeedant); antiseptic. | Reported effective against red cotton bug and stored grain pest (Tribolium castaneum). Costus oil is an excellent sticker, used for protecting shawls and woolen fabrics from insects.
Ativisa (Aconitum sp.) | 194 | High phenolic content; insecticidal and rodenticidal. | Grows in Himalayan region; known to inhibit germination of other plant species, e.g., rice.
Ramatha (asafoetida) | 195 | Biocidal properties (antifungal; antimicrobial). | Inhibition of mycelial growth and sclerotium formation in two soilborne fungi—Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum reported; contains resin (40-60%), gum (25%), and volatile oil (10-17%).
Vidanga (bidanga) (Embelia ribes) | 52, 54, 195, 196, 198, 212, 219 | Anthelmintic; antibacterial; insecticidal. | Aqueous extracts of fruits have antibacterial activity; crushed seeds of Embelia schimperi are eaten by Masai people (in Tanzania and Kenya) to eliminate intestinal tapeworms; embelin (benzoquinone) obtained from vidanga is effective against stored grain pests.
Usana (black pepper) | 195 | Bacteriostatic; fungistatic; insecticidal. | Oleoresin, present in black pepper, shows bacteriostatic and fungistatic properties and retards rancidity due to the presence of tocopherols; alkaloid (piperin) gives the pungency and shows more insecticidal property than pyrethrums.
Pigeon flesh | 195 | na | na
Bhillata (bhallataka) (Semecarpus anacardium) | 195 | Insecticidal; antiseptic; termite-repellent; mildew- and moth-proofing of cloth; anthelmintic; antibacterial. | Rich source of phenols; kernel oil used for preserving wood against termites; leaves contain saponins; fruits have anthelmintic property; juice of pericarp is antibacterial.
Beef | 195, 196, 216–217 | na | Manurial effect (?).
Brick-dust | 197 | na | Interference with insect feeding (?).
Cow's urine | 198 | na | na
Plaksa (Ficus lacor) and udumbara (F. glomerata) | 200–201, 210 | na | Some Ficus spp. are known to possess antibacterial activity; bark of F. glomerata contains 14% tannin; latex of F. lacor is anthelmintic.
continued
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