वासवदत्ता (महाकवि सुबन्धु - श्लेष-प्रधान शास्त्रीय गद्यकाव्य सान्वय सटीक)

INTRODUCTION 25
doves sleeping comfortably (because) perched on slabs of crystal
from shores unknown' (ed. Hall, pp. 217–218).
The udātta, or 'exalted,' is thus defined in the Sāhityadarpaṇa
(No. 752; cf. Kāvyaprakāśa, tr. Jhā, p. 240, Benares, 1898;
Kuvalayānandakārikā, 1. 162–163):
lōkātiśayasampattivarṇanō "dāttam ucyatē
yad vā "pi prastutasyā 'ṅgaṁ mahatāṁ caritaṁ bhavēt,
'the portrayal of extraordinary prosperity is called udātta, or
it would even be the deeds of the great, (if they form) part of
the subject in hand.' An illustration of this figure is found in
another portion of the description just quoted: karpūrapūra-
viracitapulinataṭaniviṣṭaninadānumīyamānarājahaṁsībhir, 'with
flamingoes whose noise would imply that they had settled near
the sand bank formed by the stream of camphor' (ed. Hall,
p. 218), only one of extreme wealth being able to possess such
a river.¹
The kāitavāpahnuti, or 'false concealment,' is defined by the
Kuvalayānandakārikā (1. 28) as follows:
kāitavāpahnutir vyaktāu vyājādyāir nihnutēḥ padāiḥ,
'kāitavāpahnuti (consists) in the manifestation of concealment by
words of pretext and the like,' and finds exemplification in the
Vāsavadattā in the passage ativēganipītajaladhijalaśaṅkhamālām
iva balākācchalād udvamann adṛśyata jaladaḥ, 'the cloud seemed
to vomit forth, like a crane, what appeared to be a series of
ocean shells that had been drunk down too hastily' (ed. Hall,
pp. 283–284).
The lōkōkti, 'popular expression,' is thus defined by the
Kuvalayānandakārikā (1. 156):
lōkapravādānukṛtir lōkōktir iti kathyatē,
'the imitation of a popular colloquialism is called lōkōkti,' and
finds an illustration in Subandhu's romance in the exhortation
tad adhunā yadi tvaṁ sahapāṁśukrīḍanasamaduḥkhasukhō 'si
¹ Śivarāma rightly notes that this passage also contains the rhetorical figure anumāna,
or 'inference' (cf. Kāvyaprakāśa, tr. Jhā, pp. 243-244, Benares, 1898; Kuvalayānan-
dakārikā, 2. 10).