उत्तररामचरितम् (महाकवि भवभूति - संस्कृत मूल एवं हिन्दी व्याख्या)

(24. 44.) The doorkeeper comes to announce the arrival of a
spy of राम She uses the word उपस्थित which means 'has ap-
proached, is impending' Rama's last thought was about विरह,
hence he naturally connects the word उपस्थित with the word
विरह that he had uttered last. He thought that प्रतीहारी had
come to announce that separation from सीता was impending and
therefore, being perturbed, hastened to ask 'अयि कः'. The
प्रतीहारी says it is दुर्मुख, the personal attendant of His Majesty
(that has approached ) and then राम feels relieved. The poet
has ingeniously used the word उपस्थित so as to be capable of
being construed either with विरह or दुर्मुख and thereby produces
a startling dramatic effect In these sentences again the poet
foreshadows the separation of राम from सीता that is shortly to
follow This device where words that are applicable in two
ways, are interposed to produce a startling result on the mind
of one of the characters on the stage while perfectly harmless
in another connection is called पताकास्थानक and is of frequent
occurrence in Sanskrit dramas. भरत defines it 'यद्वार्थमभिसन्धाय
तल्लिङ्गन्यं प्रयुज्यते । आगन्तुकेन भावेन पताकास्थानकं तु तत् ॥' and instances
four varieties of it. The साहित्यदर्पण says 'यत्रार्थे चिन्तितेऽन्यस्मिंस्त-
ल्लिङ्गोऽन्यः प्रयुज्यते । आगन्तुकेन भावेन पताकास्थानकं तु तत् ॥' VI 45 The
साहित्यदर्पण gives a striking example from वेणीसंहार After the
words of दुर्योधन in the 2nd Act 'बद्धासनेव करभोरु मनोरुयुग्मम्' the
कञ्चुकी enters and says 'देव भग्नम्' which becomes connected with
the words 'मनोरुयुग्मम्' said by दुर्योधन, while कञ्चुकी meant to say
'भग्नं रथकेतनम्'. In the दशरूपक (III. 18) the verse इयं गेहे together
with the words of प्रतीहारी and राम are cited as an example of गण्ड
which is defined as 'गण्ड प्रस्तुतसम्बन्धि भिन्नार्थं सहसोदितम्' The
name दुर्मुख given to the confidential spy is significant, inas
much as it would often be his lot to come with an evil look
when he had to communicate to राम some evil talk current
among the subjects In the रामायण the spy who tells राम of
the scandal is named भद्र 'तत्र कश्चिद् कथाञ्चिदागत समभाषत । का
कथा नगरे भद्र वर्तन्ते विषयेषु च ॥ मामास्रितानि कान्याहुः पौरजानपदा जनाः ।
मां च सीतां सुमित्रिञ्च भरतं किं च लक्ष्मणम् ॥' उत्तरकाण्ड 43 4-5 भद्र replies
'राघवैकमुखस्तु भद्रं सुहृद्विदुर्विदः' 'शृणुराजन् महाराज प्राञ्जलिः शुचमाहितः ॥ 12
शृणु राजन् यथा पौराः कथयन्ति शुभाशुभम् । कीदृशं हृदये तस्य सीतासम्भोगजं
सुखम् । अङ्कमारोप्य तु पुरा रावणेन बलाद्धृताम् ॥ 17 अस्माकमपि दारेषु सहनीयं
भविष्यति । यथा हि कुरुते राजा प्रजास्तमनुवर्तते ॥' 19 शुद्धान्ते चरतीति ०चरः
one who attends in the inner apartment of the king 'कक्ष्यागार