उपदेशसाहस्री (आदि शङ्कराचार्य - गद्य व पद्य भाग)

167-173] 'THOU ART THAT' 269
निर्दुःखवाचिना योगात्त्वंशब्दस्य तदर्थता ।
प्रत्यगात्माभिधानेन तच्छब्दस्य युतेस्तथा ॥ १७१ ॥
171. The word 'Thou' comes to mean one free
from pain on account of its being used (in the same
predicament) with the word 'That' which means One
eternally devoid of pain. Similarly, used in the same
connection with the word 'Thou' meaning the Inner-
most Self (which is directly known) the word 'That'
also (comes to mean a thing directly known).
दशमस्त्वमसीत्येवं वाक्यं स्यात्प्रत्यगात्मनि ॥ १७२ ॥
172. The sentence, ('Thou art That' produces the
immediate knowledge) of Self-Brahman like the say-
ing,¹ 'You are the tenth.'
स्वार्थस्य ह्यप्रहाणेन विशिष्टार्थसमर्पकौ ।
प्रत्यगात्मावगम्यन्तौ नान्योऽर्थोऽर्थाद्विरोध्यतः ॥ १७३ ॥
173. Without giving up their own meanings² the
words, ('thou' and 'That') deliver (by implication) a
special one³ resulting in the knowledge of Self-
Brahman. They do not express any other⁴ meaning
contrary to it.
¹ See foot-note 2, verse 3, chap. 12. ² Direct meanings.
The direct meaning of the word 'thou' is Pure Consciousness
with the intellect and the reflection of Consciousness in it. The
direct meaning of the word 'That' is Pure Consciousness with Mâyâ
(Primeval Ignorance) and the reflection of Consciousness in it.
³ A Being indivisible and of the nature of Bliss only, Self-
Brahman.
⁴ I.e., One connected with or qualified by anything else. See
Sankarâchârya's 'Vâkya Vritti' verse 38.