उपदेशसाहस्री (आदि शङ्कराचार्य - गद्य व पद्य भाग)

45-51] IMPOSSIBILITY OF ONE BEING ANOTHER 165
ज्ञाताऽयत्नोऽपि तद्वज्ज्ञः कर्ता भ्रामकवद्भवेत् ।
स्वरूपेण स्वयं नात्मा ज्ञेयोऽज्ञेयोऽथवा ततः ॥ ४८ ॥
विदिताविदिताभ्यां तदन्यदेवेति शासनात् ।
बन्धमोक्षादयो भावास्तद्वद्वात्मनि कल्पिताः ॥ ४९ ॥
48, 49. Just as the Self, though devoid of effort, is
called a knower, so, It is called an agent, (though
devoid of effort,) like the loadstone. In Its own nature,
therefore, It is neither capable of being known¹ nor
unknown² as it is taught (in the Sruti²) that the Self is
different from both the known and the unknown. The
ideas such as, bondage, liberation, etc. are likewise³
superimposed on the Self.
नाहोरात्रे यथा सूर्ये प्रभारूपाविशेषतः ।
बोधरूपाविशेषान्न बोधाबोधौ तथात्मनि ॥ ५० ॥
50. Just as there is no day or night in the sun as it
is of the nature of light only, so, there is no knowledge⁴
or ignorance⁵ in the Self which is of the nature of Pure
Consciousness only.
यथोक्तं ब्रह्म यो वेद हानोपादानवर्जितम् ।
यथोक्तेन विधानेन स सत्यं नैव जायते ॥ ५१ ॥
. ¹ See verses 39 and 40 above. In the proximity of agents etc.
the Self is called an agent and as It is actionless It is called a
non-agent. ² Ke. U., 1. 4. ³ Like agency and knowingness.
See verses 45, 47 and 48 above.
⁴ Therefore no liberation. ⁵ Therefore no bondage.