द इण्डियन स्ट्रगल / भारतीय स्वाधीनता संग्राम (नेताजी सुभाष चन्द्र बोस - ऐतिहासिक विश्लेषण)

168 THE INDIAN STRUGGLE
and every form.' But along with that another resolution was
passed directing the Executive to convene an All-India All
Parties Conference with a view to drawing up a constitution
for India acceptable to all parties. A somewhat contradictory
resolution was also passed declaring the goal of the Indian
people to be 'complete independence.'
The proceedings of the Madras Congress clearly indicated
that the appointment of the Simon Commission had been
made at an auspicious moment and it had a wonderful effect
in whipping up the enthusiasm of the people. From one end
to the other, the country exhibited a solidarity which it had
seldom shown before in recent times. It was this feeling of
solidarity, as also the resolve to give an effective reply to
Lord Birkenhead's challenge in the House of Lords, which
was responsible for the decision to convene an All-Parties
Conference. Apart from the effect produced by the appoint-
ment of an All-White Commission, there was another factor
which at this time put an indelible stamp on the Congress.
That was the awakening among the youths. The youthful
element in the Congress had been demanding a more extremist
ideology for some time past and under their influence,
resolutions had been passed from time to time by Provincial
Conferences recommending to the Indian National Congress
that the goal of the Indian people should be defined as
complete national independence. The resolution of the
Madras Congress regarding independence¹ was therefore but
the logical fulfilment of a process going on within the Congress
for a long time. Along with this resolution the Madras
Congress took a significant step in appointing to the Working
Committee, representatives of the Left Wing. And as
General Secretaries for the coming year were appointed
Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru (i.e., Nehru Junior), Mr. Shuaib
Qureshi and the writer. Thus the Madras Congress may be
regarded as standing for a definite orientation towards the Left.
¹ This resolution was passed unanimously at the Madras Congress but
after the Congress was over, Mahatma Gandhi declared that it had been
'hastily conceived and thoughtlessly passed.' Lala Lajpat Rai declared
that it was passed because 'many people believed that Dominion Status,
also meant complete national independence.' At the Lahore Congress in
December, 1929, a similar resolution was moved by the Mahatma and
unanimously adopted.