सङ्गीतरत्नाकर: प्रथम भाग (शार्ङ्गदेव - स्वरगताध्याय सविस्तार व्याख्या व अनुवाद सहित)

( xxxii )
Period I :—Primary and Formative—2000 B. C.
to 500 A. D.
Period II :—Expository and Expansive—600 A. D.
to 1200 A. D.
Period III :—Reconciliatory and Revaluative—1300
A. D. to 1750 A. D.
Period IV :—Critical and Interpretative—1750 A. D.
onwards.
Śārṅgadeva occupies a very important position in the
second period. The basic difference in the approach of the
first and the second periods is that whereas the approach of
the former was direct, that is to say, lakṣaṇa was evolved out
of a direct study of lakṣya; and intuitive knowledge and ex-
perience was communicated keeping in view the totality of
human expression through sound at all levels, the approach
of the latter was mainly indirect, that is to say, through
lakṣaṇa and only to some extent direct (taking into account
lakṣya). It is not intended here to degrade the latter appro-
ach. But it is the lakṣaṇa-oriented approach which is res-
ponsible for the separation of the composite concept of svara-
śruti-grāma-mūrcchanā found in N. S. . In the arrangement
of topics in S. R., grāma does not appear in the same praka-
raṇa as śruti and sāraṇā. Again sādhāraṇa is separated from
the description of vikṛta-svara-s. A serious student of today
must bear this difference of approach in mind while studying
the texts of the first period and those of the second.
Acknowledgements
My sincere thanks are due to my student Sri. N.
Ramanathan, who has helped in organising the material of
this introduction, and my dear friend, Ranganayaki Ayyangar
in revising the final draft.
Prem Lata Sharma

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( xxxiii )
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