पातञ्जल योगसूत्र (स्वामी विवेकानन्द भाष्य एवं सूत्र व्याख्या)

Patanjali Yoga Sutras
Sound here means vibration; meaning, the nerve currents
which conduct it; and knowledge, reaction. All the various
meditations we have had so far, Patanjali calls Savitarka
(meditations with reasoning). Later on he will give us higher
and higher Dhyanas. In these that are called "with reasoning,"
we keep the duality of subject and object, which results from
the mixture of word, meaning, and knowledge. There is first
the external vibration, the word; this, carried inward by the
sense currents, is the meaning. After that there comes a
reactionary wave in the Chitta, which is knowledge, but the
mixture of these three makeup what we call knowledge. In all
the meditations up to this we get this mixture as object of
meditation. The next Samadhi is higher.
43. स्मृतिपरिशुद्धौ स्वरूपशून्येवार्थमात्रनिर्भासा निर्वितर्का ॥ ४३ ॥
smritiparishuddhau
svaroopashoonyevarthamatranirbhasa nirvitarka
The Samadhi called without reasoning (comes) when
the memory is purified, or devoid of qualities,
expressing only the meaning (of the meditated
object).
It is by practice of meditation of these three that we come to
the state where these three do not mix. We can get rid of them.
We will first try to understand what these three are. Here is
the Chitta; you will always remember the simile of the lake,
the mind-stuff, and the vibration, the word, the sound, like a
pulsation coming over it. You have that calm lake in you, and
I pronounce a word, "cow." As soon as it enters through
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