पातञ्जल योगसूत्र (स्वामी विवेकानन्द भाष्य एवं सूत्र व्याख्या)

Patanjali Yoga Sutras
Chitta manifests itself in all these different forms - scattering,
darkening, weakening, and concentrating. These are the four
states in which the mind-stuff manifests itself. First a
scattered form, is activity. Its tendency is to manifest in the
form of pleasure or of pain. Then the dull form is darkness,
the only tendency of which is to injure others. The
commentator says the first form is natural to the Devas, the
angels, and the second is the demoniacal form. The Ekagra,
the concentrated form of the Chitta, is what brings us to
Samadhi.
3. तदा द्रष्टुः स्वरूपेऽवस्थानम् ॥ ३॥
tada drashtuh svaroope avasthanam
At that time (the time of concentration) the seer (the
PuraSa) rests in his own (unmodified) state.
As soon as the waves have stopped, and the lake has become
quiet, we see the ground below the lake. So with the mind;
when it is calm, we see what our own nature is; we do not mix
ourself but remain our own selves.
4. वृत्तिसारूप्यम् इतरत्र ॥ ४॥
vrittisaroopyam itaratra
At other times (other than that of concentration) the
seer is identified with the modifications.
For instance, I am in a state of sorrow; someone blames me;
this is a modification, Vrtti, and I identify myself with it, and
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