Glossary 79
who has a consequent awareness of it in the form of "I am this."
Sakala-being—A bonded being infested with all the three types of
mala (impurity) and revolving in the cycles of births and deaths.
A bonded being, a paśu.
Samāveśa—A sudden charge of Godhead. A psychic state in which
one's individuality becomes one with the infinite universal self.
The state of the merger of one's jīvahood into Śivahood.
Saṃhāra—Absorption. Dissolution. That divine activity of God
through which certain phenomena become absorbed into their
causal elements.
Spanda—The spiritual throbbing of consciousness. Such a vibra-
tory activity of consciousness which brings about the manifes-
tation of its extroversion and introversion. That divine active
nature of God which manifests externally His divine nature and
results in the show of His five divine activities.
Sṛṣṭi—That divine activity of creation through which all pheno-
mena, contained in God in the form of pure consciousness, be-
come manifest in their phenomenal aspect.
Sthiti—That divine activity of preservation through which the
whole phenomenon is sustained for long aeons and is run as a
cosmos in acordance with niyati, the law of nature.
Suṣupti—The state of deep sleep.
Svapna—The states of dreaming, deep thinking, meditating and
so on.
Svātantrya—That perfect self dependence of God by virtue of
which He manages the whole show of His five divine activities
without any external help of any element like the Māyā of
Vedānta, Vāsanā of Buddhism, Prakṛti of Sāṃkhya and atoms
of Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika.
Taijasa—A being in dreaming state.
Tanmātras—Five undifferentiated subtle objects of five senses,
viz., śabda, sparśa, rūpa, rasa and gandha.
Tirodhāna—The divine activity of oblivion. The act of pidhāna
or vilaya. Such divine activity of God through which He pushes
down beings into darker and darker species and also in stronger
chains of bondage.
Trika—The best system of yoga patronized by the authors of the
Pratyabhijñā śāstra. The trinity of (i) Śiva, (ii) Śakti and nara
(the bonded soul and his insentient phenomena).

80 Glossary
Triśūla—The trident as the symbol of three divine powers of
knowing, doing and willing.
Turyā—The fourth state of animation. The state of revelation of
the self.
Turyātīta—The absolute transcendental state lying beyond Turyā.
Umāpatinātha—Śiva of the Epics and Purāṇas. An active counter-
part of Śrīkaṇṭhanātha.
Viśva—Beings in the waking state of animation.
Yoga—Union of a worshipper with the object of his worship.
Yoga-bhraṣṭa—An aspirant who dies before completing the pro-
cess of yoga.

Index

Abhinavagupta 1, 4, 7, 8, 11, 13, 14,
16
Absolute 18, 22
Absolute will 25
absolutism 6, 18
activity of awareness 18
ādhāra 21
Ādhārakārikā 21
Ādiśeṣa 1, 2, 3
Advaita Vedānta 18, 38
ahaṅkāra 33
Amṛtānanda 3, 14, 15
Amṛtavāgbhava 4
Anantanātha 30, 31, 33
aṇḍa 21
aṇu 31
Apabhraṁśa 14
Ardha-tryambaka-maṭhikā 8
Ātreya 4
Atrigupta 4, 5
Avantivarman 9, 10
Avatāras 29
Avidyā 23, 26, 27, 30, 40
Barnett, L.D. 3
basic creation 23
Bhagavadgītā 11
bhakti 6
Bhairava 26, 59
Bhairavastotra 4, 13
Bhānukācārya 14
Bhaṭṭa Bhāskara 11, 13
Bhaṭṭa Divākara-vatsa 11
Bhaṭṭa Kallaṭa 8, 9, 11, 16
Bhaṭṭa Nārāyaṇa 11, 13
Bhaṭṭa Pradyumna 10, 14, 16
Bhāvanā 49, 56
bhoga 66, 67, 69
bhūtas 33
blissfulness 28
Bodhapañcadaśikā 13
Brahman 44, 49
Brahmagupta 5
buddhi 33
Buddhism 27
Buddhists 23
Buddhist absolutism 17, 18
Cāṇakya 5
Caraka 4
Caraka-saṁhitā 4
Cidvilāsa 15
Cit 28
Devīnāmavilāsa 15
divine activity 25
divine grace 24
divine play 17
divine powers 24
divine will 28
Dhyānam 60
Durvāsas 8
"dūtī" 9
dynamic aspect 17
ego 33
exterior limitations 32
five kañcukas 32
forceful grace 67
Gauḍapāda 25
God 19, 28
Godhead 16, 17, 18, 28
Gonardīya 4
Gorakṣanātha 14
Govindarāja 14
grace 67

82 Index
guņas 33 Kramakeli 12
Gurunātha-parāmarśa 5 Kramastotra 4, 12
Kriyā 18
highest means of liberation 67 kriyā-śakti 28
homa 59, 60 Kṣemarāja 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11,
Hṛdaya 52 13
hypothetical supposition 27 Kula system 9
impure Vidyā 31 Lakṣmaṇagupta 5
impurities 30 Lalitāditya 4
I-ness 29 Lalleśvarī 16
infinite blissfulness 25 liberation 5, 53
instrumental elements 33 Lord Īśvara 29, 33
interior limitations 32 Lord Sadāśiva 29
intuitive revelation 23 Lord Śeṣa 21
intuitive self-experience 18 law of karman 18
intuitive self-revelation 18 law of nature 18
Īśvara 33
Īśvarapratyabhijñā 2, 10, 28 Madhurāja 5
Īśvarapratyabhijñā vimarśinī 12 Madhuvāhinī 9
Īśvarapratyabhijñā-vivṛti-vimarśinī 4, madhya—grace 68
12 Mahāmāyā 29
Īśvara-tattva 28, 29 Mahānayaprakāśa 15
Mahārtha-mañjarī 3, 15
Jālandhara-pīṭha 8 Maheśvarānanda 3
Jayaratha 8, 13, 14 Mālinī (tantra) 9
jīva 31 Mālinī-vijaya-vārtika 7, 12
jīvanmukta 63 Mantra repetition 61
jīvanmukti 63 manas 33
jñāna 6 manifestation 17
jñāna-śakti 28 manifestation of Godhead 22
jñānin 56, 65, 67 Mandra 5
Joo, Lakṣmaṇa 3 Mantra beings 29
Mantra-maheśvara 29
kalā 30, 31, 32 Mantreśvara 29
kāla 30, 31 material transformation 18
kāla-tattva 32 Māyā 17, 18, 23, 30
Kalhana 9, 13 Māyā Śakti 30
Kālī 14 Māyā tattva 30, 31
Kālinaya 14 middle grace 68
Kalyāṇikā 14 middle path 68
Kāma-kalā-vilāsa 15 Muktākaṇa 11
kañcukas 31, 32, 33
Karma-saṃskāra 50 Nāmaka (Tantra) 9
Karṇa 5 Netra Tantra 13
Kaula 14 niyati 30
Kaulism 15 niyati tattva 32
Kramadarśana 14 Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika 18

Index 83
Objective element 33 Śakti 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 28, 29
Śāktic Śaivism 15
Pāñcarātra 11 Śāktism 15, 16
pantheism 6 Śaktipāta 24
pantheistic 6 Śaktitattva 28
pantheists 18 Śāktopāya 14, 59, 60
paramārtha 21, 52 Śāmbhava Yoga 4
Paramārthasāra 7, 8, 13, 21 Sambhu 20
Paramaśiva 28, 30 Saṅgamāditya 8
Parāprāveśikā 13 sañcita karman 51
Parātriṁśakā 10 Śaṅkara 26
Parātriṁśakā-vivaraṇa 12, 14 sattva 33
Parimala 15 self dependence 30
pariṇāma 23, 27 self realization 18
paśu 23, 31 Siddhanātha 11, 12
Pāśupata vow 61 Siddhas 6
Pāśupata vrata 61 Siddhā Tantra 9
Patañjali 1, 2, 3, 4 Siddhitrayī 12
phenomenal manifestation 23 Śitikaṇṭha 15
Prabhādevī 3 Śiva 15, 17, 29
Prakṛti 33 Śivadṛṣṭi 2, 10, 12, 18
primary powers 27 Śivajīvadaśakam 15
Pṛthvī-aṇḍa 22 Śivānandanātha 14, 16
pratyabhijñā 6, 15 Śiva of the Epics and purāṇas 33
pratyabhijñā-hṛdaya 3, 8, 13 Śivastotrāvalī 11, 13
psychic luminosity 25 Śivasūtra 8, 9, 11
Punarvasu 4 Śivasūtravārtika 11, 13
Puṇyānanda 14, 15 Śivasūtravimarśinī 13
pure tattvas 21, 22 Śivatattva 22, 28
Puruṣa 30, 31, 32, 33 Śivopādhyāya 13
Śivayogin 59, 60
Rajas 33 Smṛtis 6
Rāmakaṇṭha 10, 11 Somānanda 9, 10, 11, 14, 16
recognition 6 Somāveśa 71
reflection 17, 26, 27 Spandakārikā 9, 10, 11
reflection of d.vine powers 27 Spandanirṇaya 13
relativities 31 Spandapradīpikā 11
Rudrayāmala 9 Spandasārvasva 9
Spandavivṛti 11
Sadāśivatattva 28, 29 Spandavṛtti 9
Sādhanā 6, 8, 12, 14, 15 Static aspect 17
Sadvidyā 29 Stava-cintāmaṇi 13
Sāhib Kaula 15, 16 Śuddhavidyā 29
Śaiva monism 10, 11, 12, 13 suṣupti 6
Śaiva sādhanā 68 Svacchanda Tantra 9, 13
Śaiva yoga 12 Svasvabhāva-sambodhana 9
Śaivism 15, 16 Svātantryadarpaṇa 16
Śākta view 14 system of transmigration 54

84 Index
Tamas 33
Tantrāloka 5, 8, 9, 12, 13
Tantrasāra 7, 12, 14, 28
Tantric Yoga 6
Tattvagarbha-stotra 10
Tattvārthacintāmaṇi 9
Tattvavicāra 9
Theistic absolutism 6, 27
thisness 29
Time 31
tīvra anugraha 67
transcendental reality 25
transformation 17, 19, 27, 33
transmutation 18, 22, 27
Trika scriptures 9
Trika system 8, 11, 12
Tryambakāditya 8
Tryambaka maṭhikā 89
Udbhaṭa 14
Ujjaṭa 14
Umāpatinātha 33
Unity-cum-diversity 29
Utpaladeva 10, 11, 12, 13
Utpala Vaiṣṇava 11
Vaiṣṇavism of Patañjali 1
Vaiṣṇava philosophers 8
Vallabha 1
Vāmakatantra 9
Varadarāja 13
Vāsanā 17, 23, 26, 27
Vasugupta 9, 10, 11
Vedānta 27
Vedāntic absolutism 2
Vedāntins 23, 26
Videha-mukti 64
Vidyā 22, 32
vijñāna 51
Vijñāna-bhairava 13, 14
Vimarśinī 12
Vīraśaivas 6
Viṣṇugupta 5, 11
Viśuddhādvaita 2
Vivaraṇa 14
Vivartavāda 2
Yoga 69
Yoga-bhraṣṭa 69, 70
Yogarāja 1, 2, 3, 7, 8
Yoginīhṛdaya 15
Yoginīhṛdayadīpikā 3
Yojanikā 7

Paramārthasāra of Abhinavagupta (in Sanskrit couplets) is the foremost
work on Kashmir Śaivism, meant for beginners. It throws clear light on the
most of the philosophical principles of the subject without involving in
logical discussion.
The work clarifies the significance of the principles of Kashmir Śaivism
which are as follows: (1) cosmogony (1-9); (2) metaphysics and ontology
(10-13); (3) process of creation (14-22); (4) bondage and liberation (23-
33); (5) exact reality about phenomenon (34-38); (6) correct knowledge
(39-46); (7) self-realization (47-67); (8) A yogin after self-realization (68-
88); (9) process of transformation (89-93); (10) character of a liberated
yogin (94-96); and (11) liberation of steps (97-102). The last two concepts
conclude the work. The translation and notes further clarify the principles
discussed in the couplets.
Dr. B.N. Pandit is an authority on Kashmir Śaivism. He was Reader in
Sanskrit in Jammu University. He has published several works in English,
Sanskrit and Hindi. His Encyclopaedia of Kashmir Śaivism shall serve
scholars for several centuries.
ISBN 81-215-0523-0 Rs. 80
Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi