पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

XIV.20 XIV. ASTRONOMICAL INSTRUMENTS 271
the prime vertical (samamaṇḍala). Similarly, the (vertical) circle which runs
north to south is called the meridian (dakṣiṇottara)
18. The (arcual) distance between the north pole and the horizon is called the
latitude (of the place). The difference between 90° and the latitude is called
the colatitude. The colatitude is the depression (of the north pole) from the
zenith. The day-diameter is the diameter of the so called diurnal circle
(astodayākhya).
[अर्धकपालयंत्रम्]
छेद्यवदर्धकपालं सचिन्हमक्षोन्नतं सदिक्कचक्रम् ।
सुसमावटविन्यस्तं कुर्याच्छङ्कं सनाभ्यङ्कम् ॥ १९ ॥
सूत्रद्वयसम्पातच्छाया [भुजांशका] रवौ देयाः ।
स भवत्युदयो राशिर्दिनस्य नाड्यश्च [षड्भक्ताः] ॥ २० ॥
Hemispherical Bowl and its use
19. Construct a hemispherical bowl of the radius chosen for our construc-
tions with a gnomon fitted at its centre. Graduate its circular rim with marks
of cardinal directions and circular divisions (signs and degrees etc.). Place it in
a smooth (hemispherical) cavity in the ground with the gnomon inclined to
the horizon at an angle equal to the latitude of the place (and pointing to the
north pole).
20. Read the degrees traversed since sunrise by the shadow (of the gnomon)
which passes through the intersection of the two lines (viz., east-west and
north-south), and add them to the Sun's longitude. The sum thus obtained is
the longitude of the rising point of the ecliptic. The degrees crossed over by
the shadow divided by six are the nāḍīs of the day (elapsed since sunrise).

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17a. A.B. हरियमिति B. गमतेमवनौ
b. A1. प्रदृश्यंते तेषु; B1. प्रदिश्यन्तेषु (B3. ॰न्तेवु)
c.d. A. ह्योवमृगं दक्षि; B. परतो येव मृणं दक्षि; C. ह्योवमतो
दक्षि D. परेरेखैवं च दक्षि
d. B1.3. ॰त्तरगत; B2. ॰त्तरत; D. ॰त्तर गता
18a. B. हिरेज
A-B. विवरमक्ष:
b. A. क्षितिरवदिविवरं; B. क्षिभिरवविकिवर च
B. ॰भिगृहित:
c. A.B.D. लग्नो (B. मणो) नमिति
A.B. खमध्य; D. खमध्यं
d. A. स्तोदय ||; B. स्तो—||;
D. स्तोदय [चक्रस्य]
19a. B. ॰वदर्द्धा D. ॰वदर्ध्यकपालं
b. B. स (B3. ख) चिड्डु [B2. द्रु] मक्षौत्र च स दिक्॰
c. B. सु (B3. स) यवाढ (B3. रु) विन्यस्तं (B3. स्त)
C. सुसमावनिविन्यस्तं
d. A.B. कुर्याद्दिक्कः (B1.2. क B3. ख)
A.B. सनाथ्यंकं (B. कुं)
20a. B2. खम्पात; D. सम्पाता
b. A.B. मुक्ताशका; C.D. भुक्तांशका
c. B. राशिर्दिनाड्यस्य
d. A.B.C.D. नाड्यश्च ता याताः (B. यात:)