वेदों की प्राचीनता एवं काल-निर्णय / ओरायन (लोकमान्य बाल गंगाधर तिलक - खगोलीय वैदिक शोध)

MONTHS AND SEASONS. 153
which were unknown even to Yâska or Sâyaṇa. Again though the
existence of seven suns may be explained. on this hypothesis, yet
it fails to account for the death of the eighth sun ; for the legend
of Aditi (Ṛig. X, 72, 8-9) tells us, "Of the eight sons of Aditi,
who were born from her body, she approached the gods with
seven, and cast out Mârtâṇḍa. With seven sons Aditi approached
(the gods) in the former age (pûrvyam yugam); she brought thi-
ther Mârtâṇḍa again for birth and death."* The story is discus-
sed in various places in the Vedic literature, and many other
attempts, unfortunately all unsatisfactory, have been made to
explain it in a rational and intelligent way. Thus in the Taittirî-
ya Saṁhitâ, VI, 5, 6, 1 f., the story of Aditi cooking a Brahmau-
dana oblation for the gods, the Sâdhyas, is narrated. The
remnant of the oblation was given to her by the gods, and four
Âdityas were born to her from it. She then cooked a second
oblation, and ate it herself first; but the Âditya born from it was
an imperfect egg. She cooked a third time and the Âditya
Vivasvat, the progenitor of man, was born. But the Saṁhitâ
does not give the number and names of the eight Âdityas, and
this omission is supplied by the Taittirîya Brâhmaṇa (I, 1, 9,
1 f.). The Brâhmaṇa tells us that Aditi cooked the oblation
four times, and each time the gods gave her the remnant
of the oblation. Four pairs of sons were thus born to her;
the first pair was Dhâtṛi and Aryaman, the second Mitra
and Varuṇa, the third Aṁsha and Bhaga and the fourth
Indra and Vivasvat. But the Brâhmaṇa does not explain why
the eighth son was called Mârtâṇḍa, and cast away. The
Taittirîya Âraṇyaka, I, 13, 2-3, (cited by Sâyaṇa in his gloss
on Ṛig. II, 27, 1, and X, 72, 8.), first quotes the two verses

• Ṛig. X, 72, 8 & 9:— अष्टौ पुत्रासो अदितेर्ये जातास्तन्वस्परि । देवाँ
  उप प्रैत्सप्तभिः परा मार्ताण्डमास्यत् ॥ सप्तभिः पुत्रैरदितिरुप प्रैत्पूर्व्यं युगं ।
  प्रजायै मृत्यवे त्वत्पुनर्मात्तांण्डमाभरत् ॥ For त्वत्पुनः in the second verse the
  Taittirîya Âraṇyaka, 1, 13, 3, reads तत्परा, see infra.