काव्यप्रकाश (आचार्य मम्मट - सम्पूर्ण १० उल्लास सटीक)

CHAPTER X 397
क्षीणः क्षीणोपि शशी भूयो भूयोभिवर्धते सत्यम् ।
विरम प्रसीद सुन्दरि यौवनमनिवर्ति यातं तु॥४६२॥
इत्यादावुपमानस्योपमेयादाधिक्यमिति केनचिदुक्तम्
तदयुक्तम् । अत्र यौवनगतास्थैर्याधिक्यं हि विवक्षितम् ॥
हेत्वोरुक्तावनुक्तीनां त्रये साम्ये निवेदिते ॥ १०५ ॥
शब्दार्थाभ्यामथाक्षिप्ते श्लिष्टे तद्वत्त्रिरष्ट तत् ।
व्यतिरेकस्य हेतुः उपमेयगतमुत्कर्षनिमित्तम् । उपमानगतम-
पकर्षकारणम् । तयोर्द्वयोरुक्तिः, एकतरस्य द्वयोर्वा अनुक्ति-
रित्यनुक्तित्रयम् । एतद्भेदचतुष्टयमुपमानोपमेयभावे शब्देन
[ Example ]—
‘ The Moon, though reduced again and again, really
rises also again and again ; but youth, O beautiful one,
once gone, never returns ; so cease and be propitiated ’.
Here the ‘ superiority ’, belonging to ‘ youth ’ (which
is the object compared), lies in its ephemeral character (in
which point it is superior to the Moon, the object com-
pared to). So that the assertion of some people that “ this
verse depicts the ‘ superiority ” of the object compared to
(the Moon) over the object compared (youth) ”, is not right.
It is of twenty-four kinds :—(1) When the ground (of
dissimilitude) is mentioned ; (2-4) the three cases where the said
ground is not mentioned ;—each of these (four) has the similitude
either expressed by word or expressed by meaning, or implied ;—
and each of these (twelve) again occurs in a paronomatic word also.
The ground of dissimilitude—i.e., the ground of the
superiority of the object compared and the ground of
the inferiority of the object compared to—when both these
are mentioned [it is one kind of Dissimilitude] ;—where
one or the other of these, or both, are not mentioned [we