काव्यप्रकाश (आचार्य मम्मट - सम्पूर्ण १० उल्लास सटीक)

CHAPTER X 363
क्रूरस्याचारस्यायःशूलतयाध्यवसायाद् अयःशूलेनान्विच्छति
‘आयःशूलिकः’ इत्यतिशयोक्तिर्न तु क्रूराचारोपमेयतैक्ष्ण्यधर्मवा-
दीनां लोपे त्रिलोपेयमुपमा ।
एवमेकोनविंशतिर्लुप्ताः पूर्णाभिः सह पञ्चविंशतिः ॥
अनयेनेव राज्यश्रीर्दैन्येनेव मनस्विता ।
मम्लौ साथ विषादेन पद्मिनीव हिमाम्भसा ॥४१०॥
इत्यभिन्ने साधारण धर्मे ॥
ज्योत्स्नेव नयनानन्दः सुरेव मदकारणम् ।
प्रभुतेव समाकृष्टसर्वलोका नितम्बिनी ॥४११॥
इति भिन्ने च तस्मिन् एकस्यैव बहूपमानोपादाने मालोपमा ।
‘iva’ expressive of similitude ; in addition to these there
is the omission (3) also of the common property of ‘fickle-
ness.’]
The term ayaḥshūlikaḥ, ‘one who behaves like a spear’,
has been taken by some people to be an example of that
kind of Simile which omits the three factors of (1) the
object compared—the cruel person, (2) the common pro-
perty—cruelty and (3) the term expressive of similitude—
‘vā’ and the rest. But this is not right ; as what the term
means is ‘ayaḥshūlena anvichchhati’ ‘who behaves like the
spear,’ and what is done here is that ‘cruel behaviour’
is spoken of as the ‘spear’, and this involves the figure
of Atishayokti, Hyperbole,—and not that of Simile with
three factors omitted.
These nineteen kinds of Elliptical Simile, along with
the six kinds of the Complete Simile, make up the twenty-
five varieties of Simile.
As regards other varieties of Simile that have been
described by others, we find—(a) the Mālopamā, String-
simile, where a single object is compared to several, with
its two varieties—one in which the same common property
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