काव्यप्रकाश (आचार्य मम्मट - सम्पूर्ण १० उल्लास सटीक)

350 KĀVYAPRAKĀŚA
साग्रिमा ।।
श्रौत्यार्थी च भवेद्वाक्ये समासे तद्धिते तथा ॥ ८७ ॥
अग्रिमा पूर्णा ।
यथेवादिशब्दा यत्परास्तस्यैवोपमानताप्रतीतिरिति यद्यप्युप-
मानविशेषणान्येते तथापि शब्दशक्तिमहिम्ना श्रुत्यैव षष्ठीवत्
संबन्धं प्रतिपादयन्तीति तत्सद्भावे श्रौती उपमा । तथैव “तत्र
तस्येव” इत्यनेनेवार्थे विहितस्य वतेरुपादाने ।।
It is a case of Complete Simile when all the factors
are mentioned—(1) the object compared , (2) the
object compared to, (3) the common property, and (4)
terms signifying similitude ; and it is one of Elliptical Simile,
when either one or two or three of these factors are omitted.
The former of these is (a) directly expressed and
(b) implied ; and it appears (1) in sentence, (2) in a
compound and (3) in a nominal affix. 87.
‘Former’, i.e., the Complete Simile
Such words as ‘yathā’, ‘iva’ and the like (meaning
‘like’, ‘as’, ‘just as’ and so forth.)
As a matter of fact, that object is recognised as the
‘object compared to’, in connection with which such
terms (expressive of similitude) as ‘yathā’, ‘iva’ and so
forth are used ; and in this sense these terms serve to
qualify the ‘object compared to’ ; but the force of these
words such that, like the genitive case—ending, they
directly express relationship ; so that in a passage where
these terms are present, it is a case of Directly Expressed
Simile.—So also in cases where the affix ‘vati’ is used
in the sense of ‘iva’, and other terms expressive of simi-
litude in accordance with Pāṇini 5.1.116 (which prescribes
the use of ‘vati’ in the sense of similarity.)