कामिक आगम: पूर्व भाग (अष्टाविंशति मूल शैव आगमों का प्रथम एवं सर्वोच्च आगम महाकोश)

A well-planned place fit for the livelihood of brahmanas, learned persons and
sages is called Man'gala. O, the foremost Sages!, the same place is also called
Agraha'ra , in this Ka'mika A'gama.
विप्रैरथान्यै वर्णैर्वाभोग्यो ग्राम उदाहृतः ।
एको ग्रामणिको यत्र सभृत्य परिचारकः ।। ४
कुटिकं तद्विजानीयात् एकभोगस्स एव तु ।
जनैः परिवृतं द्रव्यक्रयविक्रयकादिभिः ।। ५
अनेकजाति संयुक्तं कर्मकारैस्समन्वितम् ।
सर्वदैवत संयुक्तं नगरं चाभिधीयते ।। ६
viprairatha’yair varn.airva’ bhogyo gra’ma uda’hr’tah /
ekogra’man.iko yatra sabhr’tya parica’rakah // 4
kut’ikam tadvija’ni’ya’t ekabhogas sa eva tu /
janaih parivr’tam dravya krayavikrayaka’dibhih // 5
aneka ja’ti samyuktam karmaka’rais samanvitam /
sarva daivata samyuktam nagaram ca’bhidhi’yate // 6
The well-settled place which is fit enough for the sufficient livelihood of
brahmanas and other castes is called Gra’ma. The small village where a
Gra’man.i’ ( one who leads the inhabitants of the village) lives associated
with servants, assistants and with those who execute his orders is to be known
as Kut’ika. It is also called Ekabhoga. The well-settled place frequented by
many people, by the buyers and sellers, by the people of many castes, in which
the labors of different fields live and in which temples of all gods have been
built – is significantly called Nagara.
वणिजामपि भोग्यं तु तद्देव समीरितम् ।
यत्स्थानं ब्रह्मणानां तु खर्वटं पुरवासिनम् ।। ७

van'ija'mapi bhogyam tu tadvadeva sami'ritam/
yatstha'nam brahman.a'na'm tu kharvat'am purava'sinam// 7
Even the place which is comfortably enjoyable to the merchants and traders is
also called Nagara.The place beloging to and exclusively used by the brahmanas
who live within the city is known as Kharvat'a.
तेषामेव वनस्थानं तद्वदेव समीरितम्।
क्रयविक्रय संयुक्तं अब्धितीर समाश्रितम्।। ८
देशान्तरागत जनैर्नाना जातिभिरन्वितम्।
पट्टणं तत्समाख्यातं वैश्यैरध्युषितं तु यत्।। ९
नगर्यावर्तनं यत्तत्खर्वटं तदुदाहृतम्।
tes"a'meva vanastha'nam tadvadeva sami'ritam/
krayavikraya samyuktam abdhiti'ra sama's'ritam// 8
des'a'ntara'gata janair na'na' ja'tibhiranvitam/
pat't'an.am tatsama'khya'tam vais'yairadhyus"itam tu yat// 9
nagaryavartanam yattat khrvat'am tadudahr'tam/
The same kind of place situated in the forest and exclusively used by the
brahmanas is also called Kharvat'a. The place occupied by the buyers and sellers
and well paned and settled in the area surrounded by the ocean, which is
frequented by the people who have come from foreign countries and inhabited
by the people of various castes is called Pat't'an.a. The place formed around
Pat't'an.a and inhabited by the merchants is also called Kharvat'a.
वने जनपदे चैव केवले शूद्रसेवितः।। १०
कर्णकः खेटको ग्रामः क्रमात् त्रिविधं ईरितः।
सामन्तानां समृद्धानां यत्स्थानं शिबिरं स्मृतम्।। ११

vane jana pade caiva kevale s’u’dra sevitah // 10
karn.akah khet’ako gra’mah krama’t trividham i’ritah /
sa’manta’na’m samr’ddha’na’m yatstha’nam s’ibiram smr’tam //
The settlement within a forest, the palce within a country and an isolated place
which are mostly inhabited by the S’u’dras( the fourth caste) are called Karn.aka,
Khet’aka and Gra’ma respectively in three different ways. The place exclusively
allocated to the ministers and other royal officials and to the wealthy people
is called S’ibira.
गजवाजि समायुक्तं सेनास्थानं तदेव हि।
राजवेश्म समायुक्तं सर्वजाति समन्वितम् ।। १२
गुह्यप्रदेश संयुक्तं सेनामुखमिहोच्यते।
gajava’ji sama’yuktam sena’stha’nam tadeva hi /
ra’javes’ma sama’yuktam sarvaja’ti samanvitam // 12
guhyaprades’a samyuktam sena’mukham ihocyate /
The place in which elephants and horses belonging to army are nourished
and maintained is called Sena’stha’na. The place in which royal palace has been
built, which is inhabitted by the people of various castes and which has been
provided with sectret constructions defying easy access to the common people is
called Sena’mukha.
आगन्तुकानां सर्वेषां नैष्ठिकानां निवासभूः ।। १३
अन्न पानीय संयुक्तःकेवलो वा मठो मतः।
विद्यास्थानं तु तद्वद्स्यात् बहुसेना समन्वितम् ।। १४
a’gantuka’na’m sarves”a’m nais”t’hika’na’m niva’sa bhu’h // 13
anna pa’ni’ya samyuktah kevalo va’ mat’ho matah /
vidya’stah’nam tu tadvadsya’t bahusena’ samanvitam // 14

The place which serves as a comfortable abode for those who have come there
as guests and strangers and for those who have vowed life-long abstinence and
chastity and which is with sufficient food and driking water is called Mat'ha.
If such a place is without food and water, even then it is called Mat'ha. The place
allocated for the centers of learning associated with various camps and bodies of
scholars is also considered as Mat'ha.
राजवेश्म समायुक्ता राजधानीति कथ्यते।
ग्रामादीनां समीपं यत्स्थानं कुब्जमिति स्मृतम् ।। १५
तदेव चेरिका प्रोक्ता नगरी तन्तुवायभूः।
ra'javes'ma sama'yukta' ra'jadha'ni'ti kathyate।
gra'ma'di'na'm sami'pam yat stha'nam kubjam iti smr'tam ।। 15
tadeva cerika' prokta' nagari' tantuva'yabhu'।
The place in which royal palace has been built is called Ra'jadha'ni'. The
settlement which is adjacent to the villages, towns and such others is called
Kubja. It is also called Cerika. The place in which the weavers live exclusively
is called Nagari'.
सर्वेषामपि चैतेषां ग्रामादीनां समीरितम् ।। १६
विस्तारायाम मानं तु सर्वेषां तु सनातनम् ।
शास्त्रेऽस्मिन् प्रोच्यते तच्च क्रमेण परिपठ्यते ।। १७
sarves"a'mapi caites"a'm gra'ma'di'na'm sami'ritam ।। 16
vista'ra'ya'ma ma'nam tu sarves"a'm tu sana'tanam।
s'a'stre asmin procyate tacca kramen.a paripat'hyate ।। 17

For all these settlements like villages, towns and such others which are
variously called by specific names such as Man’gala, Agraha’ra and so on,
there is the technique of ascertaining their exact length and breadth. This
technique, which comes down through the ages traditionally, has been
set forth in this Scripture. The details of such technique are explained in
due order, hereafter.
।इति कामिकाख्ये महातन्त्रे क्रियापादे ग्रामादिलक्षणविधिर्नाम विंशतितमः पटलः।
। iti ka’mika’khye maha’tantre kriya’pa’de gra’ma’dilaks”an.avidhirna’ma
vims’atitamah pat’lah ।
This is the 20ᵗʰ chapter titled ‘The Characteristics of Villages and such others’ in the
Kriya’ Section of the the Great Tantra called Ka’mika

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२१ विस्तारायाम लक्षणविधिः
21 VISTA'RA'YA'MA LAKS"AN.A VIDHIH
21 Directions for Fixing the Length and Breadth
विस्तारायाम मानं तु ग्रामादीनां इहोच्यते ।
पञ्चदण्डं समारभ्य दण्डाभ्यां वर्धयेत्क्रमात् ।। १
vista'ra'ya'ma ma'nam tu gra'ma'di'na'm ihocyate /
pan"ca dan.d'am sama'rabhya dan.d'a'bhya'm vardhayet krama't //
The measurement for the applicable length and breadth for villages and other
settlements is now told. Beginning with 5 rods, the measure is to be gradually
increased in terms of two rods.
एकोनत्रिसहस्रान्तं तदूर्ध्वं नेष्यते बुधैः ।
अधमे तु तदूर्ध्वं तु तत्समं चोत्तमं भवेत् ।। २
eko na trisahasra'ntam tadu'rdhvam nes"yate budhaih /
adhame tu tadu'rdhvam tu tatsamam cottamam bhavet // 2
The maximum measure is 2999 hastas. The architects who are well versed in
the scriptures do not recommend the measure which exceeds this maximum.
The measure which exceeds this maximum is considered to be of lower type.
The measure which equals the recommended maximum is of superior type.
एवं विस्तारं आख्यातं ग्रामादीनां समासतः ।
कुटुंबभूमि मानं तु वाटक्षेत्रे विवर्जितम् ।। ३
evam vista'ram a'khya'tam gra'ma'di'na'm sama'satah /
kut'umba bhu'mi ma'nam tu va't'aks"etre vivarjitam // 3

Thus, the measure as applicable to villages and such others has been told
succinctly. In respect of the houses meant for families, the measure of the
walk-path is not to be taken account into while fixing the length and breadth
of the proposed house.
प्रमाणं कथितं शास्त्रे तद्बाह्ये वाटभूर्म्मता।
चतुरश्रार्धभागं वा चतुर्भागं अथाऽपि वा॥ ४
prama'n.am kathitam s'a'stre tadba'hye va't'abhu'r mata' ।
caturas'ra'rdha bha'gam va' caturbha'gam atha'pi va' ॥ 4
The measure of the land-strip meant for walk is apart from the measure
of the area marked for house construction. In respect of square building,
the width of the walk-path may be taken as half or one fourth of one side.
त्रिपादं वा द्विपादं वा त्रिद्व्यंशा वा विशालतः।
पञ्चषट्सप्त मूर्त्यंश पङ्क्तिभागं अथाऽपि वा॥ ५
tripa'dam va' dvipa'dam va' tridvya'ms'a' va' vis'a'latah ।
pan"ca s"at'sapta mu'rtyams'a pan'kti bha'gam atha'pi va' ॥ 5
For rectangular building, the width of the walk-path may be taken as three
fourth or half of the breadth. Or, three parts or two parts of one half of the
breadth may be taken as the width. Or, one fifth, one sixth, one seventh,
one eighth, one ninth, one tenth of the total breadth may be taken as the width.
चतुर्दण्डात्समारभ्य दण्डाभ्यां वर्धयेत् क्रमात्।
त्रिगुणान्त प्रमाणेन चायामं परिकल्पयेत्॥ ६
caturdan.da't sama'rabhta dan.da'bhya'm vardayet krama't ।
trigun.a'nta prama'n.ena ca'ya'mam parikalpayet ॥ 6
Foe rectangular design, first its length is to be fixed by increasing the breadth
by four rods. Thereafter, the length is to be increased in terms of two rods.
Total length may be three times the breadth, at the maximum.

ब्राह्मणानां समं शस्तं अन्येषां आयताश्रकम् ।
सर्वं देव च विप्रे च सामान्यं इह कीर्तितम् ।। ७
bra'hman.a'na'm samam s'astam anyes"a'm a'yata's'rakam ।
sarvam deva ca vipre ca sa'ma'nyam iha ki'rtitam ।। 7
For the bra'hman.as, square building is mostly recommended. For other castes,
rectangular building is considered to be beneficent. In this Agama, it is
declared that for the Deities and the Brahmins, the directions with regard to
constructions are generally the same.
। इति कामिकाख्ये महातन्त्रे क्रियापादे विस्तारायामविधिर्नाम एकविंशः पटलः ।
। iti ka'mika'khye maha'tantre kriya'pa'de vista'ra'ya'mavidhirna'ma ekavims'ah pat'alah ।
This is the 21ˢᵗ chapter titled “Directions for Fixing the Length and Breadth”, in the Kriya’ section
of the Great Tantra called Ka'mika

२२ आयादि लक्षणविधिः
22. A'YA'DI LAKS"AN.A VIDHIH
22. Characteristics of A'ya and Other Factors
अतःपरं प्रवक्ष्यामि आयादीनां तु लक्षणम्।
विस्तारेणाभ्यसेद्दैर्घ्यं त्रिगुणं चाष्टभिर्हतम्।। १
atahparam pravaks"ya'mi a'ya'di'na'm tu laks"an.am
vista'ren.a'bhyased dairghyam trigun.am ca's"t'abhir hatam 1
Then I will explain the characteristics of A'ya and other factors. The architect
should find out the total of proposed length and breadth( perimeter ) and
multiply it by 3 and divide by 8.
शेषं ध्वजादिकं शास्त्रे योन्यष्टकं उदाहृतम्।
ध्वजो धूमाश्वसिंहौ च वृषः खरगजोत्तमौ ।। २
ध्वाङ्गेण योनयश्चाष्टौ ध्वजसिंह वृषो गजः।
शस्तास्युर्निन्दिताश्चान्ये धूमाद्या योनयस्त्विह ।। ३
s'es"am dhvaja'dikam s'a'stre yonyas"t'akam uda'hr'tam
dhvajo dhu'ma's'va simhauca vr's"ah kharagajottamau 2
dhvan'ks"en.a yonayas'ca's"t'au dhvajasimha vr's"o gajah
s'ata'syur nindita's'ca'nye dhu'ma'dya' yonayastviha 3
The remainder denotes yoni which is declared in the Scripture to be of eight
kinds , dhvaja and others. The eight yonis are dhvaja, dhu'ma, as'va, simha,
vr's"a, khara, gaja and dhva'n'ks"a. Of these eight yonis, dhvaja, simha, vr's"a
and gaja are considered to be auspicious. Dhu'ma and other yonis are considered
despicable in this Scripture.
Yoni means creative source. In the context of a'ya'di calculation, yoni
denotes direction which is very important to decide the position of main
entrance.

1.dhvaja - flag pole
2.dhu'ma - smoke
3.simha - lion
4.as'va - horse
5.vr's"a - bull
6.khara - ass
7.gaja - elephant
8.dhvan'ks"a - crow
On multiplying by 3 and dividing by 8, if the remainder is 1, 3, 5 or7, it
denotes dhvaja, simha, vr's"a or gaja respectively. Since they point out
the main directions, east, south, west and north respectively, they are
declared to be auspicious. Main entrance should face one of the main
directions. Other remainders point out intermediary directions and hence
they are considered to be inauspicious. For any building, the main entrance
should not face the intermediary direction.
तमेवाष्टगुणं कृत्वा सप्तविंशतिभिर्भजेत् ।
शिष्टं अश्वयुजाद्यं तु नक्षत्रमिह कीर्तितम् ।। ४
tameva's"t'agun.am kr'tva' saptavims'atibhir bhajet
s'is"t'am as'vayuja'dyam tu naks"atram iha ki'rtitam 4
The architect should multiply the perimeter by 3 and divide by 27. It is
well declared in this Agama that the remainder obtained by this calculation
denotes naks"atra occurring in the list of 27 naks"atras( lunar mansions )
कर्तुः जन्मर्क्षमारभ्य त्रिदिनं पञ्चसप्तकम् ।
त्रयादश दिनं त्याज्यं तथा पञ्चदशोडुकम् ।। ५
दिनं सप्तदशं चाष्टादश द्वाविंशकं दिनम् ।
सप्तविंशति नक्षत्रं त्याज्यं अन्यच्छुभं स्मृतम् ।। ६
kartuh janmarks"am a'rabhya tridinam pan"ca saptakam
trayodas'a dinam tya'jyam tatha'pan"cadas'od'ukam 5
dinam saptadas'am ca's"t'a'das'a dva'vims'akam dinam
saptavims"ati naks"atram tya'jyam anyacchubham smr'tam 6

Starting from the naks"atra of the owner( for whom the building is constructed),
the third, fifth, seventh and thirteenth naks"atras are to be abandoned. In the
same way, the fifteenth, seventeenth, eighteenth, twenty second and twenty
seventh naks"atras are to be neglected. Other naks"atras are considered to be
auspicious.
For example, if the remainder is 6, in the list of 27 naks"atras it denotes a'rdra'
naks"atra. If the birth star( janma naks"atra ) of the owner is bharan.i, we have to
count from bharan.i up to a'rdra'. In this case, a'rdra' is the fifth naks"atra while
counting from bharan.i. So, this naks"atra as denoted by the remainder is to be
neglected as directed in this Agama. This means we have to avoid the proposed
perimeter and look for another perimeter.
राज्ञां ग्रामस्य कर्तुश्च जन्मर्क्षेणाऽविरोधि यत् ।
तदेव चात्र संग्राह्यं विपरीतं परित्यजेत् ।। ७
rajn"a'm gra'mas'ya kartus'ca janmarks"en.a' avirodhi yat
tadeva ca'tra san'gra'hyam vipari'tam parityajet 7
With regard to the ruler(or, chief), village and the owner, only that naks"atra
which is not opposed to the birth star ( janma naks"atra) is to be considered
auspicious. The naks"atra which is not compatible to the birth star is to be
neglected.
जन्मर्क्षेण युतं वापि कारयेत् वास्तुशास्त्रवित् ।
नाम जन्मर्क्षयोरानुकूल्यश्रोत्तम उच्यते ।। ८
एकोनं मध्यमं प्रोक्तं विपरीतं परित्यजेत् ।
नक्षत्रस्य फलं यत्तु वयस्तस्य परिकीर्तितम् ।। ९
janmarks"en.a yutam va'pi ka'rayet va'stus'a'stravit
na'ma janmarks"ayora'nuku'lyas'cottamo bhavet 8
ekonam madhyamam proktam vipari'tam parityajet
naks"atrasya phalam yattu vayastasya pariki'rtitam 9

Or, the architect, who is the knower of Va’stu S’a’stra , may accept the perimeter
whose naks’atra coincides with the birth star of the owner. The naks”atra which
is agreeable to both the birth star(janma naks”atra) and the name star( na’ma
naks”atra) is considered to be the foremost. The naks”atra which is agreeable
to only one star out of the birth star and the name star is said to be moderate.
He should abandon the naks”atra which contradicts both the birth star and the
name star. What is the consummate effect of the naks”atra is well declared to be
indicative of longevity of the building.
ध्वजादीनां वशेनाथ वयस्तत्र प्रकल्पयेत् ।
सकलञ्चाष्टभिर्हन्यादायस्सोऽप्यन्यथोच्यते ।। १०
dhvaja’di’na’m vas’ena’tha vayas tatra prakalpyate
sakalan”ca’s”t’abhir hanya da’yasso apyanyata’ bhavet 10
The longevity of the building is determined even based on the eight yonis,
dhvaja and others. On dividing the perimeter by 8, the remainder obtained
denotes the factor known as A’ya. A’ya is determined even in a different way.
सकलञ्चाष्टभिर्भक्त्वा भजेद् द्वादशभिर्गुरुः।
शिष्टस्वायस्समाख्यातो व्ययस्तत्र प्रकीर्त्यते ।। ११
sakalan”ca’s”t’abhir bhaktva’ bhajed dva’das’abhir guruh
s’is”tastva’yas sama’khya’to vyayas tatra prakirtyate 11
Having multiplied the perimeter by 8 , the architect-guru should divide it
by 12. It is well declared in this Agama that the remainder obtained denotes
a’ya. Then the factor known as vyaya is explained .
संस्थाप्य लब्धनक्षत्रं अष्टभिर्विभजेद् बुधः।
व्ययश्शिष्ट इह प्रोक्तस्त्वन्यथाऽपि च कथ्यते ।। १२
samstha’pya labdha naks”atram as”t’abhir bhajed budhah
vyayas’s’is”t’a iha proktas tvanyatha’ api kathyate 12

Holding the naks”atra obtained for the perimeter, the well-versed architect
should divide it by 8. The remainder denotes vyaya. It is told that vayaya
could be determined even in a different way.
सकलं त्रिगुणीकृत्य मानसूत्रैर्भजेद् व्ययम्।
आयाधिक्यं तु शुभदं समं हीनं च विवर्जयेत् ।। १३
sakalam trigun.ikr’tya ma’nasu’trair bhajed vyayam
a’ya’dhikyam tu s’ubhadam samam hi’nam ca vivarjayet 13
Having multiplied the perimeter by 9, the architect should divide it by
the number of ma’na su’tras. The remainder denotes vyaya. On
considering the two factors a’ya and vyaya, if the value of a’ya (income) exceeds
the value of vyaya(expenditure), then the proposed perimeter becomes the
yielder of prosperity. If a’ya and vyaya are equal or if a’ya is lower than
vyaya, then the proposed perimeter is to be abandoned.
Ma’nasu’tra means the east-west line or the north-south line of the
va’stu man.d’ala. There are 10 ma’nasu’tras in paramasa’yika man.d’ala.
So, after multiplying the perimeter by 9, it should be divided by 10.
In the case of a’sana man.d’ala, it should be divided by 11, since there
are 11 ma’nasu’tras in this man.d’ala.
विस्तारायाम राशिं तु वसुभिर्गणयेद् बुधः।
त्रिंशद्भिर्विभजेच्छिष्टं तिथिनागावटेस्तु वा ।। १४
vista’ra’ya’ma ra’s’im tu vasubhir gan.ayed budhah
tris’adbhir bajecchis”t’am tithina’gavat’aistu va’ 14
The well-versed architect should multiply the perimeter, which is twice
the length and breadth, by 8 and divide it by 30. The remainder obtained
denotes the factor known as tithi (lunar day). Or, tithi may be determined
by multiplying the perimeter by 8 and dividing it by 15.

त्रिगुणं सकलं कृत्वा मुनिना वार उच्यते।
पर्यन्तावटकेनाथ वारं संकल्पयेद् बुधः॥ १५
trigun.am sakalam kr'tva' minina' va'ra ucyate
parynta'vat'akena'tha va'ram san'ka'payed budhah 15
The factor known as va'ra (week-day) could determined by the remainder
obtained by multiplying the perimeter by 9 and dividing it by 7. Or, the well-
versed architect may determine the va'ra factor by the remainder obtained
by simply dividing the perimeter by 7.
राशयश्चांशका ये तु नक्षत्रवशगा मताः।
अष्टद्वादशकौ वर्ज्यौ शेषाश्श्रेष्ठाश्च राशयः॥ १६
ra's'yas'ca'ms'aka' ye tu naks"atra vas'aga' mata'h
as"t'a dva'das'ko varjyo s'es"a's's'res"t'a's'ca ra's'ayah 16
The factors known as ra's'i and ams'a are dependent on naks"atras. The
eighth ra's'i and the twelfth ra's'i are to be abandoned. Other ra's'is are
considered to be most excellent.
शुभग्रहांशकाश्शस्तास्त्वितरास्त्विह निन्दिताः।
विस्तारेणाभ्यसेद्दैर्घ्यं तादृशीं अथवा पुनः॥ १७
s'ubhagraha'ms'akas' s'asta's tvitara'stviha nindita'h
vista'ren.a'bhyased dairghyam ta'dr's'i'm athava' punah 17
Only those planetary positions and ams'as which bring into effect
auspiciousness and prosperity are to be appreciably accepted. Others are
to be neglected. Such auspiciousness and prosperity as effected by ra's'i
and ams'a could be ascertained by modifying the length and breadth.
विस्तारायाम संयुक्तं राशिं वाऽथ निरीक्षयेत्।
चतुरश्रायताश्राणां सकलेनैव योजयेत्॥ १८

vista'ra'ya'ma samyuktam ra's'im va'tha niri'ks"ayet
caturas'ra'yata's'ra'n.a'm sakalenaiva yojayet 18
Or. the architect should examine the merits and demerits of the breadth
and length conditioned by the positions of ras'is. For both the square
man.d'ala and rectangular man.d'ala, the architect should consider
the perimeter only, not the length alone or the breadth alone.
अन्यासां आकृतीनां तु नाहायाम विशालकैः ।
कुंभकस्य विशालार्धं नाहार्धेन न्यसेद् बुधः ।। १९
सकलं कुंभकं प्रोक्तं तेन चायादिकं न्यसेत् ।।
anya'sa'm a'kr'ti'na'm tu na'ha'ya'ma vis'a'lakaih
kumbhakasya vis'a'la'rdham na'ha'rdhena nyased budhah
sakalam kumbhakam proktam tena ca'ya'dikam nyaset 19
For geometrical shapes other than the square and rectangle, in which the
building is proposed, the factors such as a'ya, vyaya and others may be
determined by the height or the length or the breadth. Or, the architect
who has well understood the scripture may examine those factors by
adding half of the height with half of the breadth , instead of taking the
perimeter. The perimeter which goes by the name sakala is also called
kumbhaka. The factors such as a'ya and others are to be examined mostly
by the measure of sakala or kumbhaka.
। इति कामिकाख्ये महातन्त्रे क्रियापादे आयादिलक्षणविधिर्नाम द्वाविंशः पटलः ।
iti ka'mika'khye maha'tantre kriya'pa'de a'ya'dilaks"an.avidhir na'ma dva'vims'ah pat'alah
This is the 22nd chapter titled the Characteristics of A'ya and Other Factors, in the Kriya section of
the Great Tantra called Ka'mika

२३ नक्षत्रचक्र विधिः
23. NAKS'ATRA CAKRA VIDHIH
24. Directions for Designing the Man.d'ala of Constellations
नक्षत्रचक्रं प्रवक्ष्यामि नामनक्षत्र सिद्धये।
आदौ शतपदं कृत्वा पर्यन्तेशान कोष्टके ।। १
आरभ्य दक्षमार्गेण न्यसेद्वर्णान् अनुक्रमात् ।
naks"atra cakram pravaks"ya'mi na'ma naks"atra siddhaye
a'dau s'atapadam kr'tva' paryantes'a'na kos"t'ake 1
a'rabhya daks"a ma'rgen.a nyased varn.a'n anukrama't
For the accurate ascertainment of na'ma naks"atra, now I will explain the
designing of naks"atra cakra. Having drawn a square man.d'ala first so as
to consist of 100 square grids within it, the Guru should inscribe the
concerned letters in due order in those grids beginning from the north-east
quadrant and proceeding towards south.
पञ्चतत्वं तथाग्नेय कोणात्पश्चिम मार्गतः ।। २
पितुरुत्तर मार्गेण वायोः पूर्वमुखेन च ।
वर्णान् विंशति संख्याकान् क्रमेणैवं तु विन्यसेत् ।। ३
pan"ca tattvam tatha'gneya kon.a't pas'cima ma'rgatah 2
pituruttara ma'rgen.a va'yoh pu'rva mukhena ca
varn.a'n vims'ati san'khya'ka'n kramen.aivam tu vinyaset 3

The five letters which denote the 5 tattvas are to be inscribed in the south-east
quadrant, proceeding from the south-east towards west; then form the south-west
towards north and from the north-west towards east. All the letters, which are
20 in number, are to be inscribed in the square grids in due order as told now.
अपहकट इत्येवं अवटपर एव च ।
नयमजख वर्णश्च गजदचल एव च ।। ४
a pa ha ka t'a ityevam a va t'a pa ra eva ca
nay a ma ja kha varn.as'ca ga ja da ca la eva ca 4
The 20 letters arranged in four groups are: (1) a, pa, ha ,ka, t'a ;(2) a, va, t'a, pa,ra;
(3) na, ya, ma, ja, kha; (4) ga, ja, da, ca, la.
ईशान मण्डले कुर्यात् पञ्चविंशति कोष्टके ।
पश्चिमाभिमुखं पूर्वं लिखितानां तृतीयकम् ।। ५
पञ्चमं नामनक्षत्रं स्वेनयुक्तान् स्वरान् न्यसेत् ।
एकादश न्यसेत्पश्चात् प्रान्ते न्यसेत् त्रयोदश ।। ६
i's'a'na man.d'ale kurya't pan''ca vims'ati kos''t'ke
pas'cima'bhimukham pu'rvam likhita'na'm triti'yakam 5
pan''camam na'ma naks''atram svenayukta'n svara'n nyaset
eka'das'a nyaset pas'cat pra'nte nyaset trayodas'a 6
The Guru should write these 20 letters in due order in the north-east quadrant
which consists of 25 grids, starting from the north-east corner and proceeding
towards south. After completing the fourth row, the Guru should write in the
fifth row, the third and the fifth letters of the fourth row lying in the west. And
then he should write the 11ᵗʰ vowel and the 13ᵗʰ vowel.(in this process, now the
25ᵗʰ grid remains to be inscribed, as explained in the 7ᵗʰ verse)

अकारश्च इकारश्च उश्च एकार एव च।
कृत्तिका कथिता तावदो वा वी पू चतुष्टयम् ।। ७
रोहिणी कथिता शास्त्रे वे वो का की तथैव च।
चन्द्रभं कुश्च आर्द्रा स्यात् पञ्चविंशति मध्यमे ।। ८
aka'ras'ca ika'ras'ca us'ca eka'ra eva ca
kr'ttika' kathita' ta'vado va' vi'pu' catus"t'ayam 7
rohin.i'kathita' s'a'stre ve vo ka' ki' tathaiva ca
candrabham kus'ca a'rdra' sya't pan"cavims'ati madhyame 8
a, i, u, and e – these four letters belong to the kr'ttika' naks"atra. In the same
way, o, va', vi' and pu' – these four letters belong to rohin.i' naks"atra. Ve,
vo, ka' and ki' – these four letters are for the mr'gas'i'rs"a naks"atra. The
letter ku which is for the a'rdra naks"atra is to be written the 25ᵗʰ grid left
out in the north-east quadrant.
के च को च तथा हा च हीकारश्च पुनर्वसुः।
हुश्च हेश्च तथा होश्च डश्च पुष्यः प्रकीर्तितः ।। ९
अवशिष्टैराश्लेषान् नामधेयं प्रकल्पयेत् ।
अनेन क्रमयोगेन सर्वमत्र समाचरेत् ।। १०
ke ca ko ca tatha' ha' ca hi'ka'ras'ca punarvasuh
has'ca hes'ca tatha' hos'ca d'as'ca pushyah praki'rtitah 9
avas'is"t'airatha's'les"a'n na'madheyam prakalpayet
anena kramayogena sarvamatra sama'caret 10
ke, ko, ha' and hi' - these four are for punarvasu naks"atra. ha, he, ho
and d'a – these four belong to the pus"ya naks"tra. He should write
the remaining letters for the a's'les"a naks"atra. The name based on
naks"atra(na'ma naks"atra) is to be formed according to this pattern.
Following the same order, he should inscribe the concerned letters
in all other grids.

आर्द्रायुक्ते कुकोष्ठे च घङच्छांनु योजयेत् ।
हस्तयुक्ते च कोष्ठे च पूष्णठान् परिकल्पयेत् ।। ११
पूर्वाषाढां बुकोष्ठे च धफाढान् विन्यसेद्गुरुः ।
भेचोत्तरा भाद्रपदे दू थाझाञान् तथा नयेत् ।। १२
a'rdra'yukte ku kos"t'e ca ghan'ccha'n anukalpayet
hastayukte ca kos"t'e ca pu' s"a n.a' t"ha'n parikalpayet 11
pu'rva's"a'd"ha'm bu kos"t'eca dha pha' d"ha'n vinyased guruh
bhecottara bha'drapade du' tha'jha' n"a'n tatha'nayet 12
In the grid assocated with the letter ku belonging to a'rdra' naks"atra, he should
write the three letters – gha, n'a, ans cha'. In the grid associated with the hasta
naks"atra, he should inscribe the four letters – pu', s"a, n.a' and t"ha'. In the
same way, the architect-guru should write in the grid belonging to the
pu'rva's"a'd"ha' naks"atra and associated with the letter bu, the three letters –
dha, pha' and d"ha. In the grid of the uttara bhadrapada naks"atra he should
write du', tha', jha' and n"a'.
नकार ग्रहणेनैव ञकारः स्वीकृतस्त्विह ।
अकारग्रहणेनैव आकारः स्वीकृतस्त्विह ।। १३
इकारग्रहणेनैव ईकारः स्वीकृतस्त्विह ।
उकारग्रहणेनैव ऊकारः स्वीकृतस्त्विह ।। १४
naka'ra grahan.enaiva n"aka'rah svi'kr'ta'stviha
aka'ra grahan.enaiva a'ka'rah svikr'ta'stviha 13
ika'ra grahan.enaiva i'ka'rah svikr'ta'stviha
uka'rah grahan.enaiva u'ka'rah svikr'ta'stviha 14
In this A'gama it is to be known that in the writing of na , the letter n" is also taken
with it. Similarly, in the writing of the letter a, the letter a' has also been
included in it. The writing of i includes in itself the letter i'. And the writing of u
includes in itself the letter u'.