बृहत्संहिता (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - स्थापत्य, खगोल, मौसम व जल विज्ञान)

xix
ERRATA.
Page. Line. For. Read.
36 17 culturists. .... culturists,
33 20 willbecome .... will become
64 14 प्रबलाह्वति .... प्रबलाह्वयति
58 6 destrution .... destruction
69 3 Vaugas .... Vangas
80 19 मध्य फलदो .... मध्यफलदो
103 last चतुर्थ .... चतुर्थं
104 28 सङ्गेपः ज्ञ .... सङ्क्षेपः
133 20 काकुम .... कौङ्कुम
165 20 Abhitaras .... Abhisaras
173 16 कृषिकरनृपहिंस .... कृषिकरान्नृपहिंस
185 10 eyest o .... eyes to
208 2 र्जितानि .... रचितानि
8 मिथ्याम्बु नेर्द्देशो .... मिथ्याम्बुनिर्द्देशो
15 Snperior ... superior
214 2 Kamala .... Tamala
216 last ighting .... lighting
224 7 नक्षत्र .... नक्षत्रे
'last but one, o .... of
237 23 ............ .... During
283 14 couch .... conch
316 20 theirh ead .... their head
354 26 िवपर्यासो .... विपर्यासो
406 12 thel imbs .... the limbs
407 top एकपञ्चाप्तमो .... एकपञ्चाशत्तमो

xx
446 16 Sloka 83 ... Slokas 83—84
496 2 शुमैर्गेहे .... शुभैर्गेहे
505 22 तत्रिभागिका .... तस्त्रिभागिका
509 15 मूर्त्तिभिः .... मूर्तिभिः
510 13 कण्ठाच्चाहृदयं .... कण्ठाच्च हृदयं
512 2 couch .... conch
582 23 Sloka 16 .... Sloka 17
628 last but one मरकतैंककतर .... मरकतकर्केतर
629 15 yellow) .... yellow),
637 Transpose 'vessel' in the 3rd line as the first word in the 2nd
646 line 23 For mangooses .... Read mongooses.
656 27 Sloka 31 .... Sloka 37
677 Top Adh. LXXXVI .... Adh. LXXXVII
686 12 Sloka 62 .... Sloka 26
665 6 विदिकस्थः .... विदिकूस्थः
668 26 राचा .... राजा
725 Top षट्नवति .... षण्णवति
731 8 वी र्यभागी .... वीर्यभागी
748 13 रोहिणा .... रोहिणी

॥ श्री गणेशाय नमः ॥
॥ बृहत्संहिता ॥
BRIHAT SAMHITA
उपनयनाध्यायः ॥१॥ Introductory.
जयति जगतः प्रसूतिर्विश्वात्मा सहजभूषणं नभसः ।
द्रुतकनकसदृशदशशतमयूखमालार्चितः सविता ॥१॥
Sloka 1.—The Sun who is the procreator of the
Universe, who is the supreme being (soul of the
Universe), who is the natural ornament of the sky and
who is adorned with rows of thousands of rays that
resemble molten gold, is flourishing supreme.
प्रथममुनिकथितमवितथमवलोक्य ग्रन्थविस्तरस्यार्थम् ।
नातिलघुविपुलरचनाभिरुद्यतः स्पष्टमभिधातुम् ॥२॥
Sloka 2.—Being convinced of the correctness and
truth of the voluminous science expounded by Brahma
(the first sage), I now begin to write this scientific work
explaining clearly its ideas in a way which is neither
too brief, nor too copious.
मुनिविरचितमिदमिति यच्चिरन्तनं साधु न मनुजग्रथितम् ।
तुल्येऽर्थेऽक्षरभेदादमन्त्रके का विशेषोक्तिः ॥३॥
Sloka 3.—Simply because this ancient work was
composed by a sage, it should be good, while that written
by an ordinary man of the present day could not be so.
When the sense conveyed in both the cases is the same,
while the words used alone are different, why should

2 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. I. Sl . 4-5
there be any distinction between the two as it is a
non-Vedic subject ?
The translation of a Vedic passage into any language is not
as sanctified as the original though the sense may be the same
as the former lacks the शब्द (Sabda) or the sound of the original.
क्षितितनयदिवसवारो न शुभकृदिति यदि पितामहप्रोक्ते ।
कुजदिनमनिष्टमिति वा कोऽत्र विशेषो नृदिव्यकृतेः ॥४॥
Sloka 4.—It has been declared by our grand father
(Sage Brahma) that the day of the week belonging to
Mars—that is Tuesday—is not auspicious. People of our
generation have also stated that the week day of Mars
will not prove good (for beginning or doing any function).
Wherein is the special merit in the two declarations
of man and God ?
आब्रह्मादिविनिःसृतमालोक्य ग्रन्थविस्तरं क्रमशः ।
क्रियमाणकमेवैतत्समासतोऽतो ममोत्साहः ॥५॥
Sloka 5.—Looking into the vastness of the science
that has emanated from Brahma and others and its
being epitomised gradually by successive sages, I also
take pleasure in writing this work in a brief manner.
This science viz., Astronomy-cum-Astrology was created
by Brahman himself as ancillary to the Vedas. It was handed
down from him to गर्ग (Garga) and other sages.
Cf. गर्गः
स्वयं स्वयम्भुवा सृष्टं चक्षुर्भूतं द्विजन्मनाम् ।
वेदाङ्गं ज्यौतिषं ब्रह्मपरं यज्ञहितावहम् ॥
मया स्वयम्भुवः प्राप्तं क्रियाकालप्रसाधनम् ।
वेदानामुत्तमं शास्त्रं त्रैलोक्यहितकारकम् ॥
मत्तश्चान्यैरृषीन् प्राप्तं पारम्पर्येण पुष्कलम् ।
तैस्तदा सदृग्भिर्भूयो ग्रन्थैः स्वैः स्वैरुदाहृतम् ॥ इति.

Adh. I. Sl. 6-7] प्रथमोऽध्यायः 3
आसीत्तमः किलेदं तत्रापां तैजसेऽभवद्धैमे ।
खर्भुशकले ब्रह्मा विश्वकृदण्डेऽर्कशशिनयनः ॥६॥
Sloka 6.—Originally, there was only darkness
pervading throughout the universe. Then came water.
From it sprang a blazing golden egg consisting of the
two parts of the shell, viz., the earth and the firmament.
Out of this, it is said, arose Brahman, the creator, with
the Sun and the Moon for his eyes.
Cf. मनुः
आसीदिदं तमोभूतमप्रज्ञतमलक्षणम् ।
अप्रतर्क्यमविज्ञेयं प्रसुप्तमिव सर्वतः ॥
ततः स्वयम्भूर्भगवानव्यक्तं व्यञ्जयन्निदम् ।
महाभूतादिवृत्तौजाः प्रादुरासीत्तमोनुदः ॥
योऽसावतीन्द्रियग्राह्यः सूक्ष्मोऽव्यक्तः सनातनः ।
सर्वभूतमयोऽचिन्त्यः स एव स्वयमुद्बभौ ॥
सोऽभिध्याय शरीरात्स्वात्सिसृक्षुर्विविधाः प्रजाः ।
अप एव ससर्जादौ तासु वीर्यमवासृजत् ॥
तदण्डमभवद्धैमं सहस्रांशुसमप्रभम् ।
तस्मिन् जज्ञे स्वयं ब्रह्मा सर्वलोकपितामहः ॥
आपो नारा इति प्रोक्ता आपो वै नरसूनवः ।
ता यदस्यायनं पूर्वं तेन नारायणः स्मृतः ॥
यत्तत्कारणमव्यक्तं नित्यं सदसदात्मकम् ।
तद्विसृष्टः स पुरुषो लोके ब्रह्मेति कीर्त्यते ॥
तस्मिन्नण्डे स भगवानुषित्वा परिवत्सरम् ।
स्वयमेवात्मनो ध्यानात्तदण्डमकरोद्द्विधा ॥
ताभ्यां स शकलाभ्यां तु दिवं भूमिं च निर्ममे ।
मध्ये व्योम दिशश्चाष्टावपां स्थानं च शाश्वतम् ॥ इति.
कपिलः प्रधानमाह द्रव्यादीन् कणभुगस्य विश्वस्य ।
कालं कारणमेके स्वभावमपरे जगुः कर्म ॥७॥

4 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. I. Sl. 8-9
Sloka 7.—Sage Kapila has declared प्रधान-Pradhana
(the unmanifested Prakriti) to be the material cause of
the universe, while Sage Kanada—who was the founder
of the atomic theory relating to the origin of the
Universe—has described the Dravyas—the nine sub-
stances—as the material cause. Some have opined that
time is the cause of the universe. There are others who
say that the universe was produced and is sustained by
the natural and necessary action of substances according
to their inherent properties (and not by the agency of
a supreme being). Lastly, there are people who state
that the actions—good or bad—of the beings are the
cause of the universe.
तदलमतिविस्तरेण प्रसङ्गवादार्थनिर्णयोऽतिमहान् ।
ज्योतिःशास्त्राङ्गानां वक्तव्यो निर्णयोऽत्र मया ॥८॥
Sloka 8.—Enough of this incidental discourse on
a polemical and vast subject, and which, if it were to
be discussed, would swell to a very great length and
be of no avail to us for the present. I am now
going to treat in a decisive manner of the principles of
the science of Astrology—Jyotissastra—and the ancillary
topics.
ज्योतिःशास्त्रमनेकभेदविषयं स्कन्धत्रयाधिष्ठितं
तत्कार्त्स्न्योपनयस्य नाम मुनिभिः सङ्कीर्त्यते संहिता ।
स्कन्धेऽस्मिन् गणितेन या ग्रहगतिस्तन्त्राभिधानस्त्वसौ
होराऽन्योऽङ्गविनिश्चयश्च कथितः स्कन्धस्तृतीयोऽपरः॥९॥
Sloka 9.—The science of Astrology consists of
various branches and is in three sections or Skandhas—
viz., गणित-Ganita, होरा-Hora and शाखा-Sakha, and the
treatment of the subject in its entirety is termed by sages

Adh. I. Sl 10.11] प्रथमोऽध्यायः 5
संहिता-Samhita (compilation or collection). The first
स्कन्ध or section where the exact movements, etc., of
the planets in the several signs of the zodiac are ascer-
tained through mathematical computation is otherwise
known as तन्त्र-Tantra. Horoscopy is another section ;
अङ्गविनिश्चय-Angavinischaya or locating precisely the cor-
rect position of the Lagna, etc., which is the first step in
जातककर्म-Jatakakarma is the 3rd.
गर्गः
गणितं जातकं शाखां यो वेत्ति द्विजपुङ्गवः ।
त्रिस्कन्धज्ञो विनिर्दिष्टः संहितापारगश्च सः ॥
वक्रानुवक्रास्तमयोदयाद्यास्ताराग्रहाणां करणे मयोक्ताः ।
होरागतं विस्तरतश्च जन्मयात्राविवाहैः सह पूर्वमुक्तम् ॥१०॥
Sloka 10.—By me have been treated in detail in
the करणग्रन्थ (Karana Grantha) पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (Pancha
Siddhanthika), of retrograde and direct motions of the
several (non-luminous) planets from Mars onwards, their
disappearance (eclipse) through proximity to the Sun,
and their reappearance or emerging after conjunction
with the Sun, their state of being at war or planetary
fight. All things connected with horoscopy along with
births, journeys, marriages, etc., have been already
treated of in my previous works.
This shows that Varahamihira had already written Brihat
Jataka, Yatra, etc.
प्रश्नप्रतिप्रश्नकथाप्रसङ्गान् स्वल्पोपयोगान् ग्रहसम्भवांश्च ।
सन्त्यज्य फल्गूनि च सारभूतं भूतार्थमथैः सकलैः प्रवक्ष्ये ॥११॥
Sloka 11.—Omitting queries and their respective
answers which are not highly useful for our purpose,
and also the origin of the planets and other unessential
discussions, I am going to treat of real facts—the quint-
essence of everything that is useful.

6 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. 1-3
सांवत्सरसूत्राध्यायः । ॥२॥ The Astrologer.
१. अथातः सांवत्सरसूत्रं व्याख्यास्यामः ।
We shall now comment upon the aphorisms relating
to an astrologer:—
२. तत्र सांवत्सरोऽभिजातः प्रियदर्शनो विनीतवेषः सत्य-
वागनसूयकः समः सुसंहितोपचितगात्रसन्धिरविकलश्चारुकरचरण-
नखनयनीचबुकदशनश्रवणललाटभ्रूत्तमाङ्गो वपुष्मान् गम्भीरोदात्त-
घोषः । प्रायः शरीराकारानुवर्त्तिनो हि गुणा दोषाश्च भवन्ति ।
2. The astrologer should be of noble descent,
good-looking, modest in disposition, truthful, free from
malice, impartial, with well-proportioned limbs all perfect
and unimpaired, strong joints, undeformed, with fine
hands, feet, nails, eyes, chin, teeth, ears. forehead,
eye-brows and head, with handsome physique and
a voice deep and sonorous. For, merits and demerits
are generally the reflections of good and bad physical
features.*

• Cf. Kumara Sambhava-Canto V—36.
  यदुच्यते पार्वति पापवृत्तये न रूपमित्यव्यभिचारि तद्वचः ।
  तथा हि ते शीलमुदारदर्शने तपस्विनामप्युपदेशतां गतम् ॥
  ३. तत्र गुणाः । शुचिर्दक्षः प्रगल्भो वाग्मी प्रतिभानवान्
  देशकालवित् सात्विको न पर्षद्भीरुः सहाध्यायिभिरनाभिभवनीयः
  कुशलोऽव्यसनी शान्तिकपौष्टिकाभिचारस्नानविद्याभिज्ञो विबुधा -
  र्चनव्रतोपवासनिरतः स्वतन्त्राश्रयोत्पादितप्रभावः पृष्टाभिधाय्यन्यत्र
  दैवात्पातात् । ग्रहगणितसंहिताहोराग्रन्थार्थवेत्तेति ।

3. The following are the good qualities of an
   astrologer. He must be clean and active, bold and

Adh. II. 4] द्वितीयोऽध्यायः 7
eloquent, have readiness of wit, fully conversant with
the details of the place and time and sincere in dispo-
sition. He should not be timid in an assembly, should
not be overpowered by his fellow students, must be well.
trained, should understand the heart of others, should
be free from vices, must be conversant with the art
of propitiation, with hygiene, magic and ablutions,
should be engaged in the worship of the Devas,
should be an observer of fast and penance, should
be endowed with great power resulting from the
wonderful achievements of his scientific knowledge,
should be capable of answering questions put by others,
and voluntarily suggesting palliatives and remedies
regarding things other than the visitations of God.
He should also be thoroughly conversant with works
dealing with calculations of the positions, etc., of planets,
Samhita, Horoscopy and their several details.
४. तत्र ग्रहगणिते । पौलिशरोमकवासिष्ठसौरपैतामहेषु
पञ्चस्वेतेषु सिद्धान्तेषु युगवर्षायनर्तुमासपक्षाहोरात्रयाममुहूर्तनाडी-
प्राणत्रुटित्रुट्याद्यवयवादिकस्य कालस्य क्षेत्रस्य च वेत्ता।
4. In that astronomical science, there are five
schools, viz., Paulisa (belonging to Pulisa), Romaka (a
Siddhanta, probably derived from the Romans), Vasishtha
(belonging to Vasishta), Saura (belonging to Surya),
Paitamaha (or Brahma Siddhanta), that is Siddhanta by
Brahmagupta. In these are treated of all about Yuga,
year, Ayana, Ritu, Masa, Paksha (fortnight), Day, Night,
Yama, Muhurtha, Nadee, Prana, Thruti and its further
subdivisions of time, and the astrologer should be con-
versant with all these and also with the ecliptic.

8 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. 5-7
५. चतुर्णां च मानानां सौरसावननाक्षत्रचान्द्राणामधिमास-
कावमसंभवस्य च कारणाभिज्ञः ।
5. He should also be familiar with the four kinds
of measurements of time, viz., सौर.solar ; सावन, a duration
(day) intervening between the first rising of any
particular planet or star and its corresponding next
rising ; नाक्षत्र stellar calculation in terms of lunar months,
Tithis, etc., with the occurrence of Adhimasa or inter-
calary lunations and intercalary days.
A सौर day is the interval between one sun-rise and the
succeeding one. A सावन or terrestrial day is the interval between
two contiguous risings of the Sun at the Equator. Thirty such
days constitute a सावन month, नाक्षत्रदिन is the time taken by the
Moon to clear a Star. A चान्द्रमास consists of 30 lunar Tithis and is
a period intervening between two successive conjunctions of the
Moon with the Sun. An Adhika Masa is a period of a lunar
month occurring between two solar Sankramanas in the same
Rasi. For this and अवम, see Suryasiddhanta.
६. षष्ट्यब्दयुगवर्षमासदिनहोराधिपतीनां प्रतिपत्तिच्छेदवित्।
6. He should be familiar with the computation of
the commencement and termination times of the 60
year-period, the Yuga (5 year-period), a year, a month,
a day, an hour and also of their respective lords.
There are 12 Yugas or five-year periods in a cycle of
60 years and their lords are stated as follows :
विष्णुः सुरेज्यो बलभिद्धुताशस्त्वष्टोत्तरप्रोष्ठपदाधिपश्च ।
क्रमाद्युगेशाः पितृविश्वसोमशक्रानलाख्याश्विभगाः प्रदिष्टाः ॥
७. सौरादीनां च मानानामसदृशसदृशयोग्यायोग्यत्वप्रति-
पादनपटुः ।

Adh. II. 8-10] द्वितीयोऽध्यायः 9
In the case of the several systems of measurements
of time, viz., Solar, Savana, Lunar, etc., he must be
able to distinguish what are similar and what are not
similar; and also be conversant with the aptness or
otherwise of each for (being used for) any particular
purpose.
८. सिद्धान्तभेदेऽप्ययननिवृत्तौ प्रत्यक्षसममण्डललेखासंप्रयोगा-
भ्युदितांशकानां छायाजलयन्त्रदृग्गणितसाम्येन प्रतिपादनकुशलः ।
8 In cases of difference of opinion among the
Siddhantas regarding the actual termination of an
Ayana, he should be able to reconcile them by showing
the agreement between accurate calculation and what
has been actually observed in the circle drawn on the
ground through shadow and water-appliances.
९. सूर्यादीनां च ग्रहाणां शीघ्रमन्दयाम्योत्तरनीचोच्चगतिकार-
णाभिज्ञः ।
9. He should also be conversant with the causes
that lead the planets from the Sun onwards to proceed
in different kinds of motions—rapid, slow, southerly,
northerly, towards apojee, perijee, etc.
Vide Sripatipaddhati—P. 48.
१०. सूर्याचन्द्रमसोश्च ग्रहणे ग्रहणादिमोक्षकालदिक्प्रमाणस्थिति-
विमर्दवर्णदेशानामनागतग्रहसमागमयुद्धानामादेष्टा ।
10 In the matter of the Solar and Lunar eclipses,
he should be able to predict by calculation the times
of their commencement, cessation, direction, magnitude,
duration, intensity and color as well as the Moon's
prospective conjunctions with the non-luminous planets
and their warfare.
ब्र. सं. २

10 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. 11-13
११. प्रत्येकग्रहभ्रमणयोजनकक्षाप्रमाणप्रतिविषययोजनपरि-
च्छेदकुशलः ।
11. He should in the case of every planet be
able to calculate its distance (in Yojana) from the
Earth, the length of its orbit, etc.
१२. भूभगणभ्रमणसंस्थानाद्यक्षावलम्बकाहर्व्यासचरदलकाल-
राश्युदयच्छायानाडीकरणप्रभृतिषु क्षेत्रकालकरणेष्वभिज्ञः ।
12. He should be familiar with the Earth's
rotation (in its own axis) round the Sun and also
with its revolution in the stellar firmament, its shape
(संस्थान) and the like, the latitude (of a place) and its
complement, the difference in the lengths of the day
and night, the Chara Khandas of a place, the rising
periods of the several signs at any place, the methods of
conversion from shadow to time and time to shadow,
to find the exact period—elapsed ghatikas since Sun-rise
or Sun-set—at any required time from the position of
the Sun or from the Lagna as the case may be.
For Charakhandas, see Sripatipaddhati PP-157-160.
१३. नानाचोद्यप्रश्नभेदोपलब्धिजनितवाक्सारो निकषसन्तापा-
भिनिवेशैः कनकस्येवाधिकतरममलीकृतस्य शास्त्रस्य वक्ता तन्त्रज्ञो
भवति ।
13. He is a true astrologer who is able to under-
stand the objections and points of differences and meet
them in clear and convincing language thus proving the
truth of the science in its pristine purity in the same
way as separating pure gold by bringing it under the
touch-stone, fire, hammer, etc., and enabling it to retain
its pure value.

Adh. II. Sl. 1-4] द्वितीयोऽध्यायः 11
न प्रतिबद्धं गमयति वक्ति न च प्रश्नमेकमपि पृष्टः ।
निगदति न च शिष्येभ्यः स कथं शास्त्रविज्ज्ञेयः ॥१॥
Sloka 1.—How could one who is not able to
understand the ideas contained in the Sastras (in-
correctly interprets the same), nor cares to answer any
question that may be put to him, nor explains his views
to his students, be termed an Astrologer that has grasped
the essence of the science?
ग्रन्थोऽन्यथाऽन्यथार्थं करणं यश्चान्यथा करोत्यबुधः ।
स पितामहमुपगम्य स्तौति नरो वैशिकेनार्याम् ॥२॥
Sloka 2—He is only a fool whose interpretation
is quite opposed to the spirit of the text and whose
calculations are also wrong. This is just like his
approaching his grand father or God Brahman and
praising before him his grand mother or Saraswati attri-
buting the qualities of a courtezan to her.
तन्त्रे सुपरिज्ञाते लग्ने छायाम्बुयन्त्रसंविदिते ।
होरार्थे च सुरूढे नादेष्टुर्भारती वन्ध्या ॥३॥
Sloka 3.—When the astrologer has well-understood
the mathematical portion, and has arrived at the correct
Lagna by means of shadow, water-appliances, etc.,
and has acquired a firm grasp of the science his predic-
tions and teachings will never prove void of effect.
उक्तं चार्यविष्णुगुप्तेन—
अप्यर्णवस्य पुरुषः प्रतरन् कदाचि-
दासादयेदानिलवेगवशेन पारम् ।
न त्वस्य कालपुरुषाख्यमहार्णवस्य
गच्छेत्कदाचिदनृषिर्मनसापि पारम् ॥४॥

12 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. 14
The revered Vishnugupta says :
Sloka 4.—It may be possible for a man trying to
cross the ocean even to reach the other shore through
the force of the wind. But it is not at all possible for
a person who is not a sage to reach even mentally
the other shore of the vast ocean of Kalapurusha, i. e.,
Astrology.
१४. होराशास्त्रेऽपि च राशिहोराद्रेष्काणनवांशकद्वादशभागत्रिं-
शद्भागबलाबलपरिग्रहो ग्रहाणां दिक्स्थानकालचेष्टाभिरनेकप्रकार-
बलनिर्धारणं प्रकृतिधातुद्रव्यजातिचेष्टादिपरिग्रहो निषेकजन्मकाल-
विस्सापनप्रत्ययादेशसद्योमरणायुर्दायदशान्तर्दशाष्टकवर्गराजयोगच-
न्द्रयोगद्विग्रहादियोगानां नाभसादीनां च योगानां फलान्याश्रय-
भावावलोकननिर्याणगत्यनूकानि तत्कालप्रश्नशुभाशुभनिमित्तानि
विवाहादीनां च कर्मणां करणम् ।
14. And the science of horoscopy comprises the
following : the several divisions, viz., Rasi, Hora, Drek-
kana, Navamsa, Dwadasamsa, Trimsamsa, the ascertain-
ment of their strength or weakness, the calculation of the
Balas of the planets due to दिक्, स्थान, काल, and चेष्टा in
their various (Vargas) divisions, the humours of the
planets, the constituent elements of the body represented
by them, the substances pertaining to them, their castes,
their characteristics, etc., the time of Nisheka (impreg-
nation) and actual birth, extraordinary cases of birth
and their prediction, the time of one's immediate death,
the years contributed by the planets for one's life, the
Dasa and its sub-divisions, Ashtakavarga, Raja yogas,
the Chandra or lunar yogas, conjunctions of two or
more planets, Nabhasa and other yogas and their effects,
the effects of planets due to their occupation of

Adh. II. 15] द्वितीयाऽध्यायः 13
a Rasi, Bhava, etc., and the effects of their aspects on
them, one's exit from the world, the region to which
the deceased had belonged in his previous birth and
the region to which he goes, the effects on queries—
good or bad—at any time, good or bad omens, the
performance of marriage and other rituals.
All the above subjects are treated of in Brihat Jataka and
Vivaha Patala—विवाहपटल. This latter work is not by Varaha-
mihira but by one author called विन्ध्यवासि, another great astro-
loger, who has written on Muhurta for marriage and so on. [See
Adhyaya 103 infra]
१५. यात्रायां तु तिथिदिवसकरणनक्षत्रमुहूर्तविलग्नयोगदेहस्प-
न्दनस्वप्नविजयस्नानग्रहयज्ञगणयागाग्निलिङ्गहस्त्यश्वेङ्गितसेनाप्रवाद-
चेष्टादिग्रहषाड्गुण्योपायमङ्गलामङ्गलशकुनसैन्यनिवेशभूमयोऽग्निवर्णा-
मन्त्रचरदूत्राटविकानां यथाकालं प्रयोगाः परदुर्गोपलम्भोपायश्चे-
त्युक्तं चाचार्यैः।
15. And in the work यात्रा too, the seers have declared
all about Tithis, week days, Karanas, asterisms, Muhurta
(48'), Lagna, Yoga, the throbbing of the body, dreams,
baths for success in battle, sacrifices performed for the
propitiation of planets, the worship of the Yakshas
7 days prior to the day of starting on a journey, prognosis
through the movement—clockwise or otherwise—of the
flame of the Sacrificial fire, the correct understanding
of the feelings of the elephants and horses through the
movements of their limbs, military proclamations and
tendencies, omens, etc., the suitability through the help
of the planets of any of the six expedients in foreign
politics, viz., (1) सन्धि-peace or alliance (2) विग्रह-war
(3) यान-march or expedition (4) स्थान or आसन-halt (5)
संश्रय-seeking shelter and (6) द्वैध-duplicity; the four

14 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. Sl. 5. 16-18
means of success against an enemy. viz., (1) सामन्-conci-
liation or negotiation (2) दान-bribery (3) भेद-sowing dis-
sensions and (4) दण्ड-punishment (open attack)—to be
judged by the omens (good or bad) when setting out
on a journey ; nature of the camping ground—lands
for the location of the army—, the colors of (ceremonial)
fires, the procedure of employing at the proper time
ministers, spies, envoys, foresters, instructions for besieg-
ing and capture of fortresses belonging to others.
जगति प्रसारितमिवालिखितमिव मतौ निषिक्तमिव हृदये ।
शास्त्रं यस्य सभगणं नादेशा निष्फलास्तस्य ॥५॥
Sloka 5.—He who has got a clear grasp of the
astrological science inclusive of the mathematical portion
as if it were spread before his eyes in the world and
engraved in his intellect and imbedded in his heart, the
predictions made by him will never prove ineffective.
१६. संहितापारगश्च दैवचिन्तको भवति ।
16. It is only he who has made a complete and
thorough study of the Samhita that becomes fit to divine
the past, present and future—a true Astrologer.
१७. यत्रैते संहितापदार्थाः ।
17. The undermentioned subjects are treated
of in the Samhita.
१८. दिनकरादीनां ग्रहाणां चारास्तेषु च तेषां प्रकृतिविकृति-
प्रमाणवर्णकिरणद्युतिसंस्थानास्तमनोदयमार्गामार्गान्तरवक्रानुवक्रर्क्षग्र-
हसमागमचारादिभिः फलानि, नक्षत्रकूर्मविभागेन देशेष्वगस्त्य-
चारः। सप्तर्षिचारः। ग्रहभक्तयो नक्षत्रव्यूहग्रहशृङ्गाटकग्रहयुद्धग्रह-
समागमग्रहवर्षफलगर्भलक्षणरोहिणीस्वात्याषाढीयोगाः सद्योवर्षकुसु-

मलतापरिधिपरिवेषपरिघपवनोल्कादिग्दाहक्षितिचलनसन्ध्यारागग-
न्धर्वनगररजोनिर्घाताऽर्घकाण्डसस्यजन्मेन्द्रध्वजेन्द्रचापवास्तुविद्याङ्ग-
विद्यावायसविद्यान्तरचक्रमृगचक्रश्वचक्रवातचक्रप्रासादलक्षणप्रतिमा-
लक्षणप्रतिष्ठापनवृक्षायुर्वेदोदकार्गलनीराजनखञ्जनकोत्पातशान्तिम-
यूरचित्रकघृतकम्बलखड्गपट्टकुकुक्कु कूर्मंगोजाश्वेभपुरुषस्त्रीलक्षणान्य-
न्तःपुरचिन्ता पिटकलक्षणोपानच्छेदवस्त्रच्छेदचामरदण्डशयनाऽऽसन-
लक्षणरत्नपरीक्षा दीपलक्षणं दन्तकाष्ठाद्याश्रितानि शुभाऽशुभानि
निमित्तानि सामान्यानि च जगतः प्रतिपुरुषं पार्थिवे च प्रतिक्षण-
मनन्यकर्माभियुक्तेन दैवज्ञेन चिन्तयितव्यानि । न चैकाकिना
शक्यन्तेऽहर्निशमवधारयितुं निमित्तानि । तस्मात्सुभृतेनैव दैवज्ञे-
नान्येऽपि तद्विदश्चत्वारः कर्तव्याः । तत्रैकेनैन्द्री चाग्नेयी च दिगव-
लोकयितव्या । याम्या नैर्ऋती चान्येनैव वारुणी वायव्या चोत्तरा
चैशानी चेति । यस्मादुल्कापातादीनि शीघ्रमपगच्छन्तीति । तस्या-
श्चाकारवर्णस्नेहप्रमाणादिग्रहर्क्षोपघातादिभिः फलानि भवन्ति ।

18. The movements of the Sun and other planets,
    their nature and extent of change if any, their magnitude,
    color, rays, brilliancy, their form or figure, their setting
    and rising, their route, the nature of their motion on
    the way, retrograde and direct, upwards and downwards,
    conjunction with a star or planet and of their course
    among the stars and the like, their effects, the nine triads
    of stars (divided like a tortoise) and their effects in the
    countries, the Agasthya Chara (the course of Canopus),
    the time of its rise (which ushers the Sarat Season when
    every thing on earth assumes a lively appearance),
    the course of the seven (sages मरीचि, अत्रि, अङ्गिरस्, पुलस्त्य,
    पुलह, क्रतु and वसिष्ठ) stars, the constellation called Ursa
    Major and their effects, the assignment of countries,
    substances and living beings to the planets and also to

16 बृहत्संहितायाम् Adh. II. 18]
the stars, the ascertainment of the good effects resulting
from planets occupying all the three houses, viz.,
1st, 5th and 9th, effect of planets being at war,
their conjunction with the Moon, the planet presiding
over the year and the effect caused thereby, monsoonish
indications of the weather, the Moon's conjunction with
the stars, Rohini, Swati, Purvashadha and Uttarashadha,
symptoms for immediate rain, predicting good or bad
effects through the growth of flowers and fruits,
the misty halo round the Sun and the Moon, line of
clouds crossing the Sun at Sunrise or Sunset, of the
winds, fall of meteors, apparent outbreak of fire in the
quarters, earthquakes, redness of the sky just before
Sunrise or after Sunset, clouds taking the appearance
of a City, of dust-storms, portent of thunderbolts, vari-
ation in value of commodities, the growing of corn,
fruits, etc., Indradhwaja or banner worshipped by kings,
rainbow, architecture, the science of foretelling good
or evil by the movements of limbs, or by the
cawing of crows, Antarachakra omens, phenomena
connected with the deer, dogs, winds blowing in
the 8 directions, royal mansions, construction of temples,
casting of images, installation or consecration of an idol,
herbalistic treatment, finding of sources of water,
ceremony of general purification by water (done by
kings, etc.), flight of the Khanjana (wagtail), expiation
of evil caused by unusual phenomena boding calamity,
Mayura Chitraka घृतकंबळ or पुष्यस्नान (coronation cere-
mony when the Moon is in पुष्य), of swords, tiara or
diadem, all about the features, etc. of कृकवाकु-a cock,
tortoise, cow, rain, horse, elephant, a man and a
woman, about the harem, breaking out of boils, injuries
to shoes and clothes, on chowries, staffs, beds and

Adh. II.] द्वितीयोऽध्यायः 17
seats, examination of gems and precious stones, lamps,
materials derived from tusks, wood, etc., good and bad
omens which are common to all the people of the world
inclusive of the King and the ordinary individual. And
all the above should be divined by an astrologer every
moment with a single-minded devotion. And it is not
possible for a single person to comprehend all these
occurring day and night. Hence an astrologer in the
employ of a king should engage four efficient assistants
for the task, each to be in charge of two directions, thus:
one to observe east, and south-east, a second for the
south and south-west, a third for the west and north-west,
and the fourth for the north and north-east. By this, it
will be possible for noting clearly the fall of meteors and
the like which is sudden in its nature and one's good and
bad effects have to be predicted through the form, color,
viscidity, size, etc., of these falling bodies and as to how
they dash or strike against the other planets and stars.
शृङ्गाटक (Sringataka) yoga. If at a birth all the three houses
viz., 1st, 5th and 9th are occupied by planets, Sringataka yoga
is formed. The yoga and its effect are thus described by Varaha-
mihira in his Brihatjataka :
शृङ्गाटकं नवमपञ्चमलग्नसंस्थैः" also “शृङ्गाटके चिरसुखी”
Cf. also सारावली
उदयान्त्यगैस्त्रिकोणे ह्यल इति शृङ्गाटकं सलग्ने तत् ॥
प्रियकलहसमरसाहससुखिनो नृपतेः प्रियाः सुभगकान्ताः ।
आढ्या युवतिद्वेष्याः शृङ्गाटकसंभवा मनुजाः ॥
Also गुणाकार
सुतोदयधर्मगैरभिदधुः खलु शृङ्गाटकम् ॥
शृङ्गाटके साहससङ्गराढ्यः क्ष्माभृत्प्रियः सौख्ययुतो धनी च ॥
बृ. सं. 3

18 बृहत्संहितायाम् [Adh. II. Sl. 6-10
कृत्स्नाङ्गोपाङ्गकुशलं होरागणितनैष्ठिकम् ।
यो न पूजयते राजा स नाशमुपगच्छति ॥६॥
Sloka 6.—A king who does not patronise an
astrologer who is thoroughly proficient in the science
with all minute details and who is an expert in Astronomy
and Horoscopy will surely come to grief.
वनं समाश्रिता येऽपि निर्ममा निष्परिग्रहाः ।
अपि ते परिपृच्छन्ति ज्योतिषां गतिकोविदम् ॥७॥
Sloka 7.—Even sages who have selected forests
as their dwelling place, who are free from pride or
arrogance and who are without family ties begin to take
interest in the science, when they meet an astrological
expert.
अप्रदीपा यथा रात्रिरनादित्यं यथा नभः ।
तथाऽसांवत्सरो राजा भ्रमत्यन्ध इवाध्वनि ॥८॥
Sloka 8.—Just as the night does not shine without
a lamp, and the sky without the Sun, so will a king have
pitfalls like a blind person, if he has no astrologer to
guide him.
मुहूर्ततिथिनक्षत्रमृतवश्चायने तथा ।
सर्वाण्येवाकुलानि स्युर्न स्यात्सांवत्सरो यदि ॥९॥
Sloka 9.—A Muhurta, a Tithi, a Star, a Ritu, an
Ayana, all these will be a confusion to a king, if there be
no astrologer to guide him.
तस्माद्राज्ञाधिगन्तव्यो विद्वान् सांवत्सरोऽग्रणीः ।
जयं यशः श्रियं भोगान् श्रेयश्च समभीप्सता ॥१०॥
Sloka 10. — Therefore should a king who is desirous
of success, fame, wealth, all kinds of enjoyments and