सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

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38. Kakṣāmaṇḍala : The deferent of a planet or the circle with
the earth as centre and radius equal to 3438
units.
39. Kalā : The Hindu sine in the diurnal circle
corresponding to the Sūtra (given below).
40. Kalā or Liptā : A minute of angle.
41. Kaliyuga : The period consisting of 4,32,000 mean
solar years.
42. Kalpa : Dvāparayuga is twice Kaliyuga; Tretāyuga
thrice and Kṛta four times. All these put
together constitute a Mahāyuga. 71 Mahā-
yugas make one Manvantara. Fourteen
Manvantaras with what are called Sandhi
periods on either side equal to a Kṛtayuga
or thousand Mahāyugas make a Kalpa. The
creation is supposed to last one Kalpa,
which is said to constitute the day time of
Brahma, the Creator. His night also is of the
same duration when there is no creation. It
is held that we are now in what is called
Śveta-Varāha Kalpa, wherein the seventh
Manvantara called Vaivasvata manvantara
is current. In this Manvantara, twenty seven
Mahāyugas are supposed to have elapsed
and in the twenty-eighth Mahāyuga, kṛta
Treta and Dvāparayugas have elapsed and
that we are now in the Kaliyuga. In this
Kaliyuga which began on the day when
Lord Kṛṣṇa gave up his mortal coil, 5080
mean solar years have elapsed by about
21 March, 1979.
43. Kramajyā or : Hindu sine of an angle.
simply jyā or
Jīvā or guṇa
44. Karaṇa : Half of the duration of a tithi.