सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

375
This angle between the two diameters mentioned, is,
for convenience divided into two parts namely K̂MP and
P̂MN, where K, P, and N are the poles of the ecliptic,
celestial equator and the prime-vertical and M is the centre
of the Moon's disc. K̂MP is called Āyana Valana, so
called because it depends upon the obliquity of the ecliptic
to the Equator (अयनयोः वलनं आयनं वलनम् ie. the deflection due
to the deflection of the solsticial points from the equator)
whereas the angle P̂MN is called Ākṣa Valana ie. defle-
ction of a secondary to the prime-vertical namely NM
with respect to a secondary to the celestial equator namely
PM which is due to Ākṣa or latitude of the place.
We shall first treat the subject on modern lines and
then depict Bhāskara's treatment. Let θ, ξ, η stand
respectively for the Āyana, Āṣka and total Valanas
respectively, where by 'total Valana' we mean K̂MN
which is the algebraic sum of K̂MP and P̂MN.
From the spherical triangle KMP fig. 78.
Fig. 78