सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

308
to directions (not of signs) namely that a is south if δ is
north, s is always north and b is to be taken to belong to
that direction to which the numerically bigger quantity of
a and s belongs in the case of difference. Also it is to be
taken to belong to that direction of a and s when both of
them have the same direction.
With this convention in mind, Bhāskara clarifies the
convention by citing examples.
(1) S=5, δ is north, Agrā=916'-48'' K=30 so that
a = KA / R = (916⅘ × 30) / 3438 = 8 units (south, because it should
be taken to be व्यस्तगोला ie. belonging to the direction
opposite to that of δ).
Question. "What is b and of what direction?"
Answer. b = a +~ s = 8 (south) ~ 5 (north). (We are
taking the difference because Samskāra is to be construed
as addition of quantities having the same direction and
difference of quantities of opposite direction ∴ b = 3
and is on the south because the numerically bigger quantity
of 8 and 5 belongs to south.
Q. 2. δ is north S=5, A=916'-48'' ; K=15, 'what
is b and in what direction?'
Answer. a = KA / R = 4; b = a +~ s = 4 +~ 5 = 4~5 (here
a is south δ being north and s is north so that difference
is stipulated as above) = 1 (north because 5 belongs to
north.
We add here two more examples to illustrate addition
by saying that δ is south in the above examples so that a
is north in both the examples. Hence in (1) b=8+5=13
(north) and in (2) b=4+5=9 (north). Refering to Fig. 60,
we see there three cases depicted namely the extremi-