सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

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one at the north-pole and the other at the south, and they
are fixed¹. The diurnal motion due to pravaha is far
greater than the individual motion of the planets among
the stars in a direction from west to east ie the direction
opposite to that of diurnal motion.
In this context, it is worth-noting that Aryabhata I
mentioned the diurnal rotation of the earth in the verse
“अनुलोमगतिः...” Bhaskara must have been aware of this ;
yet, in spite of his rational outlook in all matters, mis-
guided himself in this respect (vide verse 3 Madhyagati-
vāsanā-Goladhyaya), apparently for fear of tradition.
Verse 15. The first Mahayuga, the first year, the first
day of the bright half of the first month named Madhu,²
all of them began simultaneously at the Sun-rise³ at Lankā
on Sun-day, at the beginning of the first Kalpa which
marked the beginning of creation.
Comm. Though, in the Commentary before, Bhaskara
gave expression to the fact that Time is eternal with no
beginning and no end, herein he mentions the point of
Time when creation commenced. So, at the back of his
mind, the concept of Time arose only at the beginning of
creation, whereas before creation, as well as after deluge
the आत्यन्तिकप्रलय, there was and would be neither the
concept of Time nor space. In other words, both space
and Time are manifest only after creation, and get extin-
guished after deluge.
Verses 16, 17 and 18. The unit of Time named Tat-
para is 1/30th of what is known as Nimeṣa or the time
taken during the fall of an eyelid; One-hundredth of a
Tatpara is known as a Tṛti ie the time taken to pierce a
lotus-leaf with the finest needle. Eighteen Nimeṣas are
equal to a Kāṣṭhā. Thirty Kāṣṭhas are equal to a Kalā,
and thirty Kalās are equal to one sidereal ghatī. Two