सिद्धान्तशिरोमणि: गणिताध्याय (भास्कराचार्य - ग्रहगणित, मध्यमाधिकार व स्पष्टाधिकार सटीक)

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Fig. 6
fig. 6 overleaf). Let (O) be a circle i.e. a circle with centre
‘O’. Let AB be an arc called ‘Chāpa’; let BC be drawn
perpendicular on OA; then BC is half of the full chord
BD (known as jyā). The half-chord Ardha-jyā is itself
spoken of as jyā for convenience and is the Hindu-sine of
the arc or chāpa AB. In Hindu trigonometry ‘angle’ is
connoted by the arc corresponding to it and as such spoken
of as chāpa. OC is spoken of as the Hindu-cosine or Koti-
jyā and CA is called the ut-kramajya or the Versed-sine.
The radius O B is called trijyā and let us connote it by R.
To differentiate between the modern terms and the Hindu
terms, we use the words H. Sine, H. Cosine, H. vers-sine
for the Hindu sine, the Hindu cosine and the Hindu vers-
sine respectively. Also the radius R is generally taken to
be 3438′ which, we know to be the approximately the
minutes in a radian. To talk of a length in minutes ap-
pears rather odd but no confusion need be there, for, an arc
of length R subtends 3438′ at the centre. It is called Trijyā
for the reason that it is the H. sine of 3 Rasis or 90°.
A Rasi is equal to 30° because the ecliptic circle of 360°
is divided into 12 Rasis Mesha, Vrishabha etc. meaning
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