सङ्गीतरत्नाकर: प्रथम भाग (शार्ङ्गदेव - स्वरगताध्याय सविस्तार व्याख्या व अनुवाद सहित)

178 Treatment of Svara
nāga,⁶ aśvin⁷ and Varuṇa⁸; and those of the madhyama-grāma
respectively are Brahmā, Indra⁹, Vāyu¹⁰, gandharva,¹¹ siddha¹²
Śiva and sun.¹³ (20c-22b)
(viii) नारदकथितानि मूर्च्छना-नामानि
तासामन्यानि नामानि नारदो मुनिरब्रवीत् ॥२२॥
मूर्च्छनोत्तरवर्णा ऽऽद्या षड्जग्रामे ऽभिरुद्गता ।
अश्वक्रान्ता च सौवीरी हृष्यका चोत्तरायता ॥२३॥
रजनीति समाख्याता ऋषीणां सप्त मूर्च्छनाः ।
आप्यायनी विश्वकृता चन्द्रा हेमा कपर्दिनी ॥२४॥
मैत्री चान्द्रमसी पित्र्या मध्यमे मूर्च्छना इमाः ।
नन्दा विशाला सुमुखी चित्रा चित्रवती सुखा ॥२५॥
आलापा चेति गान्धारग्रामे स्युः सप्त मूर्च्छनाः ।
ताश्च स्वर्गे प्रयोक्तव्या विशेषान्न नोदिताः ॥२६॥
(viii) Nārada's nomenclature for the mūrcchanā-s : 22c-26
The sage Nārada has given¹ another nomenclature for
them² viz. the first in the ṣaḍja-grāma is uttara-varṇā and
then³ abhirudgatā, aśvakrāntā, sauvīrī, hṛṣyakā, uttarāyatā and
Nārada is a celebrated authority of ancient India and this
subject is dealt with in two works ascribed to him, viz. Nāradīya-śikṣā
and Saṅgīta-makaranda. The nomenclature ascribed to Nārada in the
text tallies more or less with the one given in Nāradīya-śikṣā, but is
slightly different from that of Saṅgīta-makaranda (cf. N. Śikṣā 1.2.9-14
6. Nāga, a class of beings inhabiting the world below the earth,
who are likened to serpents.
7. Aśvins are the twin brothers, the sons of the sun and the physi-
cians of the gods.
8. A god of the vedic pantheon and puranic mythology.
9. The chief of the gods.
10. The god of wind.
11. Celestial chorister, a singer in general.
12. A class of demi-gods with supernatural powers, or a perfected
human being.

1. Literally, it would be translated as 'said'.
2. 'Them' refers to the seven mūrcchanā-s of each of the grāma-s.
3. The sense of 'then' is implied in the context.
   Section 4 : Grāma, Mūrcchanā, Krama and Tāna 179
   rajanī; these are the seven mūrcchanā-s of the seers. In the
   madhyama-grāma the mūrcchanā-s are: āpyāyanī, viśvakṛtā, candrā,
   hemā, kapardinī, maitrī and cāndramasī belonging to the manes.
   Nandā, viśālā, sumukhī, citrā, citravatī, sukhā and ālāpā are the
   seven mūrcchanā-s of gāndhāra-grāma; but they have not been
   spoken of in detail as they are to be employed in heaven
   only. (22c-26)
   and S. Mak. 1.2.10-15). However, it is notable that the name uttara-
   varṇā given to the very first mūrcchanā of the ṣaḍja-grāma is not found in
   both of them ; and what is found in its place is uttara-mandra. Besides,
   there are a few other minor variations. That shows that Śārṅgadeva
   probably had access to a different MS. of Nāradīya-śikṣā.
   Another notable point is the distribution of the mūrcchanā-s of the
   three grāma-s among the gods, the seers (who are human beings) and
   the manes. This is in keeping with the Brahminical tradition of
   symbolic characterisation already spoken of. It may however be
   mentioned that, since the seven mūrcchanā-s of the ṣaḍja-grāma only are
   allocated to the seers (ṛṣi-s) these mūrcchanā-s only are considered to
   be of use in this world by the Nāradīya-śikṣā (cf. 1.2.13-14).
   ग. तानाः
   (i) शुद्धताननिर्माणविधिः, सङ्ख्या च
4. शुद्धतानलक्षणम्
   तानाः स्युर्मूर्च्छनाः शुद्धाः षाडवौडुवितीकृताः ।
   C. The tāna-s : 27-90
   (i) The formation and the number of the śuddha-tāna-s
   (specific combinational note-series) : 27-30
   (1) The definition of the śuddha-tāna : (27ab)
   The śuddha¹ (standard) mūrcchanā-s, by dropping one
   Tāna, which has been rendered as 'note-series' is essentially a
   mūrcchanā. The word tāna is derived from the Sanskrit root tan 'to
   spread, to stretch, or to expand, enlarge, develop.
5. Śuddha literally means pure i. e., unmodified or natural. In
   this context, śuddha implies an ascending and descending
   series of seven standard notes placed in their regular order in
   the ṣaḍja or madhyama grāma; and that is why it has been
   rendered here as 'standard'.