सङ्गीतमकरन्द (देवर्षि नारद - प्राचीन भारतीय सङ्गीत, राग-रागिनी वर्गीकरण व नाद-ब्रह्म)

INTRODUCTION VII
Nârada only mentions the names of the 18 Jatis¹ described
by Bharata but does not give their definitions or examples as is
done in the Sangita Ratnâkara
As regards the Alankâras (combinations of notes for develop
ing a Râga) he has mentioned only 19², whereas S'ârngadeva
has mentioned about 63 in the Sangita Ratnâkara The Sangita
Pârijâta mentions 68 Alankâras and the Râgavibodha gives only 34
Nârada has enumerated in all 93 different Râgas. Sangita
Râtnâkara contains 264 Râgas in all The Sangita Pârijâta describes
122 Râgas while the Râgavibodha enumerates about 50 Râgas
Nârada mentions 3 species of Râgas viz 1 पुरुषरागा Masculine
Râgas 2 स्त्रीरागा Feminine Ragas and 3 नपुंसकरागा Neuter Râgas³
Again he divides the Râgas into three groups viz 1 मुक्ताऽकम्पिता
Râgas which have quivering (कम्पितगमक) throughout, 2 अर्धकम्पिता
Râgas which have partial quivering, and 3 कम्पविहीना Râgas which
are absolutely free from quivering⁴ The Sangita Ratnâkara and
other later books do not mention these divisions
As regards the Vınâ instrument our author says that there are
18 kinds of it But the number of the names given comes to 19
They are — १ कच्छपी २ कुब्जिका ३ चित्रा ४ वहन्ती ५ परिवादिनी ६ जया ७ घोषवती
८ ज्येष्ठा ९ नकुली १० महती ११ वैष्णवी १२ ब्राह्मी १३ रौद्री १४ कूर्मी १५ रावणी १६ सार-
स्वती १७ किनरी १८ सैरन्ध्री १९ घोषका If we take परिवादिनी as a common
name for Vınâ instead of a particular kind, then the number 18
given by the author can be reconciled with the names He states
that these various kinds are due to the difference in the arrange-
ment of the strings⁵ But S'arngadeva mentions the following 11
kinds of Vınâ — १ एकतन्त्री २ नकुल ३ नितम्बिनी ४ चित्रा ५ वीणा ६ विपञ्ची
७ मत्तकोकिला ८ आलापिनी ९ किन्नरी १० पिनाकी and ११ निःशङ्कवीणा Chatura
Kallınâtha, the commentator of Sangita Ratnakara, says that the
last mentioned Vınâ was invented by Sarngadeva whose honorific
title was निःशङ्क ⁶
1 Vide page 10 verses 106-110
2 Vide page 14 verses 14-17
3 Vide page 18 verses 53 63
4 Vide page 20 verses 84-85
5 Vide page 22 verses 6-8
6 Vide Sangita Ratnâkara Vol II p. 480