पानीपत १७६१ (मराठा साम्राज्य एवं पानीपत महायुद्ध इतिहास)

THE MARATHAS IN THE PANJAB AND BEYOND 9
This forward march of the Marathas was probably to place Abdul
Rahim Khan, a nephew of Ahmad Shah Abdali and a claimant, on the Afghan
throne. This Khan, though his name is not mentioned anywhere else, had
proceeded to Poona to seek the Peshwa's help in re-instating him in Afghanistan.
The Marathas seem to have taken him with them to Peshawar and tried to
establish him there. They continued in Peshawar during the whole of that
winter and returned to Lahore in March 1759, due probably to the Afghan
pressure. The internal politics of the province deteriorated still further in the
interval. The Maratha generals, left in the various parts of the province to
help the local collectors and maintain peace, began to take sides amongst the
rival factions for power in that province. Siding with Khwajah Mirza's
enemies they ousted him from Lahore, whence he fled with his Sikh allies to
the hills of Jammu. Bapuji Trimbak who had been placed at Multan to help
the local governor, seems to have been entangled between the local parties of
the Afghans and the Mughals in that region. Khwajah Mirza tried to take
shelter in the Jammu state, but Ranjit Dev, who was ruling there, asked him
to clear out by threatening him with dire consequences if he persisted in his
attempt to continue there. 12 He seems to have become a champion of Hinduism
at the instance of the Marathas, and openly declared his intention of brooking
no impediment from the Muslims in his province. The Mirza, therefore, re-
turned to Sialkot and made a common cause with his erstwhile enemies, the
wild Gakkhars. In the meantime Abdus Samad Khan, who had been cap-
tured at Sarhind by Raghoba and afterwards sent back to Kabul to help Abdul
Rahim Khan in his attempt to establish himself in those regions, again re-
turned to India in the wake of the returning Maratha troops. He tried to
create trouble for the Marathas by joining the opposite parties. He made com-
mon cause with Khwajah Mirza, and tried to make the Maratha hold impos-
sible in the regions beyond the Ravi. Next he suddenly swooped down on
Multan, held the city at ransom, and established his deputy there in opposition
to Muhammad Ali Khan, who was governing there with the help of Bapuji
Trimbak. Under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Khan, the people of Mul-
tan rose against the barbarous Afghan rule, drove that deputy out of the city,
and looted his army. This happened in March 1759.
Abdali had by this time freed himself from his western engagements
with the Shah of Iran and the affairs of Khorasan which had occupied him
for two years. He sent Jahan Khan to re-establish his rule in the Peshawar
region. His pressure and the failure of Abdul Rahim Khan's cause obliged
the Marathas to recross the Indus and come back to their base at Lahore.
After his return Sabaji joined his forces with others and thus reinforced, was
able to beat back an invasion of Jahan Khan at the end of August 1759. The
Afghan general lost his son in the attempt and many of his troops were killed
or wounded. He himself was also wounded and had to retreat across the Indus.
The summer of 1759 was the decisive time for the Marathas to make good
their hold on the Panjab if they wished to keep it. But Dattaji and Janakoji
Shinde who had gone up to the banks of the Satlaj in April that year re-
12 Ibid.