पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

III.19 | III. PAULIŚA-SIDDHĀNTA | 57
[करणानि]
सित (बहुल्योः) क्षयधनं षड्भागाशीतगो रविभोगात् |
लिप्ताः 'खर्तुहुताशैर्लब्धं करणं तिथिवदन्यत् || १८ ||
बहुलचतुर्दश्यर्धाद् ध्रुवाणि शकुनिश्चतुष्पदं नागः |
किंस्तुघ्नमिति [च] करणान्यर्धे (चराणि) प्रवर्तन्ते || १९ ||
Karaṇas
18. In the bright fortnight take the Moon minus Sun and subtract from it 6°.
For the dark fortnight (take the Moon minus Sun from the beginning of the
dark fortnight, i.e.) take the Moon minus Sun with 6 rāśis subtracted from it,
and add 6°. Convert it into minutes and divide by 360'. What are obtained are
the (Cara) karaṇas (Bava etc. coming one after another repeatedly). (Take the
remainder and treat it as) the remainder in calculating the tithi, (i.e., multiply
by 60, and divide by the difference of the daily motions of the Sun and Moon in
minutes etc.) (and thus get the ending moment of the last karaṇa. In each tithi
the first half is one karaṇa and the second half another).
19. From the middle of the fourteenth tithi of the dark fortnight (are the four
half tithis, viz., the second half of Bahula-Caturdaśī, the two halves of
Amāvāsyā, and the first half of Śukla-pratipad, which) are the Sthira-karaṇas,
Śakuni, Catuṣ-pāda, Nāga and Kiṁstughna, respectively. (The other Karaṇas
are) movable. A karaṇa is half a tithi.
Then from the remaining half of śukla-pratipad the Cara-karaṇas come in the order Bava,
Bālava, Kaulava, Taitila, Gara, Vaṇijya (Vaṇija) and Viṣṭi (Bhadra), (repeating eight times).
As said before, there are two karaṇas in a tithi, the first ending at the middle of the tithi, and the
second ending with the tithi. Therefore, the ending moment of the second need not be computed
separately. Even that of the first is not computed by almanac-makers, the mid-point of the tithi
being taken for this. Another thing is to be mentioned: Just as two tithis can end on the same day,
three karaṇas can end on the same day.
Example 9. Calculate the karaṇa from the data supplied in Example 8.
Moon – Sun got there is rā. 8-3-20, and the difference of daily motion 770'. As it is Bahula-pakṣa,
deducting 6 rāśis and adding 6°, rā. 8-3-20 – rā. 6-0-0 + 6° = rā. 2-9-20 = 4160'. Dividing by 360',
the quotient got is 11, and remainder 200'. As in the case of the tithi, the ending moment is : 200
× 60 ÷ 770 = nā. 15-35 before the end of the day, i.e. the karaṇa ends nā. 44-25 after the beginning
18a. A.सितवज्जलधोः; B1.सितवजलधेः; c. A. ॰घ्नामिति; B. ॰घ्नासित
B2.3.सितवनुलधेः c-d. A.B.C. चराण्यर्धे; D. चराण्यर्धं
b. A.B. भागोविरवि. A. भोगान् d. A.B.करणानिवत् प्रवर्तन्ते;
19a-B. B1.3. बहुलयतु दृश्यं द्धधि वाणि; C. करणानि प्रवर्तन्ते;
B2. बहुलचतु दृश्यं तां द्वयध्रुवाणि D. करणं तिथेः प्रवर्तन्ते
b. A1. ॰श्र्वष्पदं; B. ॰नि चतुष्पदं