पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

304 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ XVII.9
Note 1. In verse 4, I follow TS's reading, except that I have emended ṣaḍbhyaḥ into ṣaḍbhiḥ, instead
TS's ṣaḍbhyaḥ, because my reading allows us subtraction or addition, as is wanted. In verse 5, I
follow TS's except in the second foot, where I give the Bṛhatsaṃhitā reading. Either reading gives
the same sense. In verse 6, I follow TS's except in the second foot, where I have given bhājyam for
vibhajet, as being more likely. But the meaning is the same. In verse 7, the text required no emending,
and TS's dhanabāni is unnecessary. In verse 8, like TS I have corrected puro into punaḥ but I have
also corrected bāhum into bāhur which is required by grammar. In verse 9, I have corrected
madhyākhyām into madhyākhyam, which is the reading of some of the manuscripts. Otherwise I follow
TS.
Note 2. VM, here, as elsewhere in the PS, uses his tabular sine where R is 120', as given in chap IV.
So we must use his tabular values to get the R sines and R cosines. Of course, we may use the modern
table, or the Siddhāntic table with R = 3438. But then the R, 1 for the modern tables, and 3438 for
the Siddhāntic tables is to be used instead of 120' which is instructed here. (VM uses bhuja to mean
sine, and koṭi to mean cosine, instead using the word jyā).
Note 3. The method is the same as what is found in the Later Sūrya Siddhānta, with some changes
for convenience. But in the matter of the number or order of the steps, the Āryabhaṭīya and the
Siddhānta-Śiromaṇi differ. This is because, correctly speaking, the first two steps are useless, and the
last two steps alone are necessary. In essence, the third serves to get the true heliocentric position,
and the fourth to convert the heliocentric position into geocentric. The earlier steps are in the fond
hope of getting correct positions agreeing with observation, while the real trouble is in the inexact
parameters followed by the Siddhāntas.
Note 4. The second and third steps are merely akin to finding the equation of the centre and
applying to the mean. The first and fourth steps are conversion of heliocentric to geocentric posi-
tions, neglecting the latitude, which is small and does not affect the result much. The work can be
illustrated thus:
Epicycle of Conjunction
Planet
Bhuja Anomaly of Conjunction
Q
Koti Sun
East <— 120'
Chapter XVII. Fig. 1