पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

XV.9 XV. SECRETS OF ASTRONOMY 285
7. Though the Sun is low near the horizon, near sunrise or sunset, the
Moon, being higher up, can hide the Sun like a cloud.
VM here answers an objector to his stand (5-6). He is unaware that the case in (7) is similar to that
(5-6).
TS’s emendations paramocca, which means ‘standing high up in the sky’, will make an eclipse itself
impossible. NP’s emendation candroparasamavastha does not give the sense of ‘being under the
Moon’ given by them for the expression.
अस्माकमुदयसमये येषामल्पास्तगो दिवसनाथः ।
मध्याह्नो वा येषां तेषामपि न युगपद्ग्रहणम् ॥ ८ ॥
तदतीतमुदयगानां क्षणद्वये (नैष्य)दस्त(देशा)नाम् ।
मध्याह्नदे(श)गानामनवरतं वर्तमानेन ॥ ९ ॥
8. For people who have sunset and for people who have mid-day, when we
have sunrise, for all of us, the solar eclipse does not occur at the same time.
9. Throughout the time when there is eclipse for the mid-day people, it is
past for the sunrise people by four nāḍikās, and will be yet to occur for the sun-
set people by four nāḍikās.
The context is the solar eclipse and the Moon is near the Sun, So for the sunrise people the apparent
longitude of the Moon has increased by parallax, and the circumstances of the eclipse are advanced
by more than four nāḍīs. The opposite happens for the sunset people, and the circumstances are
delayed by four nāḍīs. The duration itself is shortened by a slow rate of change of parallax for both.
Therefore when the mid-day people’s eclipse begins, the morning people’s eclipse has ended, and
when it ends, the evening people’s eclipse has not begun. So there is no overlapping of them. The
explanation given by me is general, and several other circumstances will have to be taken into
account. But VM’s statement is correct in a general way. Hindu astronomers give the maximum parallax
converted into time as four nāḍīs.
We must contrast this with the lunar eclipse, which begins and ends at the same moments, wherever
the Moon is visible on the earth.
7a. A.B. यद्यं (B. द्य) द्युदये; C. ग्रासे ह्युदये 8a. B. Hapl. om of one ये
b. A.B. निञ्चस्थो A. ॰मंशुमा भवति b. B. दिवनाथः
c. A.B. चन्द्रोपरमवस्थो; C. चन्द्रः परमोच्चस्थो; d. B. तेषां मेयिनमुग्रापत ग्रहणम् ।
D. चन्द्रो पर[स]मवस्थो 9a. B. तदानीतमु—यश्रंमानां
d. A1. ध्नन्द्वानोः; A2. द्यनद्धानोः; b. A.B. नेषदस्तदोषानाम् (B3. सेष्य)
B. ग्रनह्रा (B3. द्रा) तो c. A. देशे
In B2, there is transposition of folios here. d. B. मनपरत वर्तमान; B. gap for, न ॥ उ
(of next verse)