पञ्चसिद्धान्तिका (आचार्य वराहमिहिर - सूर्य, रोमक, पौलिश, वासिष्ठ एवं पितामह सिद्धान्त)

160 PAÑCASIDDHĀNTIKĀ VI.5
13°, and even a little more. The author instructs that the correction should be applied only if the
difference is less than 13°.
But TS (also NP), have taken the word bhāgaiḥ as it is and given the interpretation, because they
do not know the nature or the rationale of the correction. Here, Thibaut alone says (vide page 43
of Eng. Translation): “To the duration so found stanza 4 directs us to apply a correction whose
rationale we are however unable to assign”, and thus accepts ignorance. But S. Dvivedi in his Sanskrit
Commentary says that the Moon’s motion varies from time to time, and this correction is to rectify
the error due to the variation. He is unable to see that the variation of the Moon’s motion has
nothing to do with the correction here, and cannot be related to it.
[विमर्दकालः]
किन्वन्तरांशहीनैः पञ्चभिरूना हता दश ‘कृत’घ्नाः ।
तत्पदमेकाश्विघ्नं प(ञ्चां)शोऽस्माद् विमर्दकलाः ॥ ५ ॥
Total obscuration
5. Deduct the difference of the longitudes between the Moon and Rāhu
from five degrees. Deduct this from ten degrees, and multiply the remainder
by this itself and by four. Find the square root of the result and multiply it by
21. The minutes of arc of total obscuration is got. This dividend by the daily
motion gives the time.
The rule given is as follows: Minutes of obscuration = 21 × √{5 − (Moon ~ Rāhu)} [10 − {5 −
(Moon ~ Rāhu)}] × 4/5.
This can be simplified as: Minutes of obscuration = 2 × 21 √(5² − (Moon ~ Rāhu)²)/5.
= 2 × 21 × √(25 − (Moon ~ Rāhu)²)/5.
This multiplied by 60 and divided by the daily motion gives the duration of obscuration in
nāḍikās.
Here, 21 × (Moon ~ Rāhu)/5 is the Moon’s latitude at full moon. The latitude according to the
Paulīśa has been shown to be (Moon ~ Rāhu) × 380′/90, where Moon ~ Rāhu is in degrees. As 380/
90 is very nearly equal to 21/5, we can say:
Latitude in minutes = 21 × (Moon ~ Rāhu)/5.
It must be noted that we use here the corrected Rāhu to get Moon ~ Rāhu. So, the latitude
obtained is the correct latitude. Therefore, no correction is necessary here corresponding to that
of verse 4, above.
Now, the rule is explained thus: In this Siddhānta, the difference between the semi-diameters of
5a. B.किं चंतराशहीनैः (B3.किं चतय रा०)
b. B1.पञ्चाभी. B.हता द om श. A.क्रतघ्नाः
c. B. om घ्नं
d. A.B.पञ्चाशो