Chapter Five

PAULIŚA-SIDDHĀNTA — MOON’S CUSPS
५. पञ्चमोऽध्यायः
पौलिशसिद्धान्तः — चन्द्रशृङ्गोन्नतिः
Introductory
In this chapter the Moon's visibility after or before heliacal setting, the appearance of its horns
at the time of visibility with its geometrical representation, and the daily rising and setting of the
Moon with its time of reaching the meridian are dealt with. We can surmise that this chapter is a
part of the Pauliśa Siddhānta because the things required for the computations like the declination
of the Sun and the Moon with the latitude of the Moon, are available to us only from the Pauliśa,
the Romaka and the Saura having not been dealt with as yet, and because the methods are too rough
to be attributed to the Saura.
[चन्द्रदर्शनकालः]
अपमान्तरसंयुक्तात् तदूनगुणिताच्छशाङ्करविविवरात् ।
मूलेनापमविवरे छिन्ने विक्षेपसंगुणिते ॥ १ ॥
फलमिन्द्वर्कविशेषाच्छोध्यं त्वयनानुकूलविक्षिप्ते ।
तद्व्यत्यासे देयं विपरीतं पूर्वसन्ध्यायाम् ॥ २ ॥
Time of Moon’s visibility

1. Find the difference in longitude of the Sun and the Moon, as also the
   difference of their declinations, (the mean declination of the Moon being
   used for this purpose). Multiply the sum of these two differences by their
   difference and find the square root of the product. By this ‘square root’ divide
   the product of the Moon’s latitude and the difference of declination already
   found.
2. The ‘result’ is to be subtracted from the difference in longitude, if visibility
   in the west is in question and the latitude and ayana (i.e. course northward or
   southward) of the Moon are of the same direction, or added to the difference
   in longitude if of opposite directions. If visibility in the east is in question,
   reverse the subtraction and addition.
   1-3. Quoted by Utpala on BS 4.15.
   1a. A.D. अयातान्तर \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\quad 2a. A. फलसिंध्वर्क
   \ \ b. A. ॰त्तद्वनयुक्ताछशांकविविरान् \qquad\qquad\qquad\quad b. A1. छोध्यचयनानु॰; A2. छोध्यं च यनानु॰
   \ \ c. A.D. मूलेनायनविवरे \qquad\qquad\qquad\qquad\quad\ \ c. U. च्छेद्यमपमानुकूल