मृगपक्षी-शास्त्र (हंसदेव - १३वीं शती का अमर भारतीय वन्यजीव, पक्षी एवं प्राणि-विज्ञान)
Mriga-Pakshi-Shastra of Hamsadeva (Zoology & Ethology)
जैन आचार्य हंसदेव (अनुवादक: सी. सुन्दरराजू) द्वारा
HARITA BIRDS.
There is a combination of 3 or 4 colours on their bodies. They
always live by the side of mountains crying pleassantly. They become
stout in rainy season and their cry is long and loud. They play in vari-
ous modes both in water and on land, in day time. They are easily
capturable and trainable. They fade on account of hot Sun and they
are afraid of hunting, big noises, rain and cold winds. There are many
hundred of birds, bigger and smaller than sparrows, differing in colo-
urs, nature and qualities.
CONCLUSION:—
All kinds of birds are said to be the ornaments of trees. The
organs of male and female birds of any kind from Swan to Harita-
ones could not be easily seen by naked eye. The male and female
birds could not easily be indentified. Their menstrual course could
not be seen by human beings. But, everything could be seen and
identified of all animals previously mentioned. Unless people move
very closely and minutely with all the animals and birds, they can
not understand their nature, qualities, intercourse time, the method
of cohabitation, various methods of lonely plays, bad and good tem-
per, period of pregnancy, and signs of abhortion etc. Though all the
animals and birds, are, naturally bad in temper, they could be turned
as good ones by good training. The animels and birds which are
good and friendly among themselves, should be grouped in one place
and those which are bad enemical amongst themselves, in another
place. They must be kept in palaces, gardens, halls, cages, and by the
side of tanks and wells. The different kinds of food should be given
— 133 —
to them as per their desire according to the changes of seasons and
climate and thus, be protected well. The main nature and qualities of
the main breeds of all animals and birds have been described in this
Zoology and those of the mixed breed of animals and birds, may be
learnt by intel-ligent persons. Owing to the living of all animals and
birds by the side of rivers and lakes and in forests, mountains,
trees and lakes and rivers, their nature, colour and qualities do differ
from those, which live in towns, palaces, and gardens and other places.
They have been described in this work to some extent. Detailed
description in full may be learnt from the learned Pandits.
BY THE ORDER OF THE KING SAUDA DEVA,
I (AUTHOR) HAVE WRITTEN THIS BOOK, WHICH IS
A SUN'S RACE TO HIS LOTUS MIND
— ⚏ —
END OF SECOND PART CONTAINING THE 'DESCRIPTION
OF THE BIRDS IN THE ZOOLOGY OF HAMSA
DEVA OF MANDAKA VILLAGE.
❖
[FINIS]
— 134 —
Statistical Table of Animals and Birds
ACCORDING TO THIS
MRIGA-PAKSHI-SASTRA
OR
ZOOLOGY
OF
Hamasadeva, A Jain Author of
13th century A. D.
STATISTICAL TABLE.
(1)
| No. of groups or chapters | Name of animals and birds | No. of varieties of animals & birds. | Main colour | Period and ti of their full yo |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| 1st group | Lions | 6 varieties | Golden colour, whitish brown, or whitish red | 6-12 year |
| 2nd group | Tigers | 3 varieties | Yellowish red or golden colour. | 6-10 year |
| 3rd group | Hyenas | 2 varieties | Blackish red or yellowish red. | 6-9 years |
| 4th group | Bears | 3 varieties | Black or blackish white. | 3-9 years |
| 5th group | Rhinoceroses | 2 varieties | Black | 6-20 years |
| 6th group | Elephants | 13 varieties | Black . | 9-40 years |
| 7th group | Horses | 7 varieties | White, red, Black or various colours. | 4-16 years. |
| 8th group | Camels | 4 varieties | Red, white or grey | 4-16 years |
| 9th group | Asses | 3 varieties | Whitish black, ash or grey | 3-8 years. |
| 10th group | Boars | 7 varieties | Black, white or grey | 2-5 years. |
| 11th group | Buffaloes | 5 varieties | Black, blackish white, blackish red or blue. | 4 12 years. |
| 12th group | Bullocks | 7 varieties | White, red black, grey or various colours | 4-12 years. |
| 13th group | Cows | 2 varieties | do | 4-12 years. |
| 14th group | Goats | 5 varieties | do | 2-7 years. |
| 15th group | Deer | 14 varieties | Red, golden colour or blackish red. | 3-7 years. |
| 16th group | Sabaries | 4 varieties | Red. black, white or blackish red. | 3-7 years. |
| 17th group | Monkeys | 8 varieties | Red, black, white or grey | 2-7 years. |
| 18th group | Jackals | 6 varieties | Yellowish red, grey or whitish black. | 2-7 years. |
STATISTICAL TABLE. (2)
| Time for full passion | Delivary time | Whether quiet hot temper or dull | Satwa or caste | Utmost age | Main food |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
| Rainy season | 9-12 months. | Hot temper | Superior in 2nd class | 20 years | Flesh |
| Rainy and Autumn. | 9-10 months. | Cruel temper | Middle in 2nd class | 16 years | do |
| do | do | Bad temper | Inferior in 2nd class | 14 years | do |
| Spring | do | Hot temper | Inferior | 14 years | do |
| Summer | 10-12months. | Cruel temper | Inferior in 3rd class | 32 years | do |
| Spring and rainy | 21-24months. | Calm temper | Superior in 2nd class | 100years | Sugarcane etc |
| Spring | 10-12months | do | do | 25 years | Grass etc |
| Winter | do | do | Superior in 3rd class | 30 years | Morgosa leaves etc. |
| Rainy season | 9-10months. | Dull nature | Inferior in 3rd class | 12 years | Grass etc. |
| Winter | 3-4 months. | Bad temper | do | 10 years | Roots etc. |
| do | 10-11 months | Calm temper | Inferior in 2nd class | 20 years | Grass straw |
| do | — | do | Superior in 2nd class | 20 years | do |
| do | 9-10 months | do | do | 20 years | do |
| Spring and Autumn | 4-5 months | do | Middle in 2nd class | 9 years | Grass etc |
| do | do | do | do | 9 years | do |
| do | do | do | do | 9 years | do |
| Autumn and Winter. | 3-4 months | Cruel temper | Inferior in 3rd class | 10 years | Fruits grain |
| Rainy season | 4-5 months. | Cunning | do | 10 years | Flesh |
(3) STATISTICAL TABLE-
| No. of groups or chapters (1) | Name of animals and birds (2) | No. of varieties of animals & birds. (3) | Main colour (4) | Period and time of their full youth (5) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 19th group | Cats | 5 varieties | White, black, grey or yellowish brown | 1½-3 years. |
| 20th group | Rats, Hares | 4,1, varieties | Black, whitish black white or grey. | 8-16month |
| 21st group | Wolves, Dogs | 3,6, varieties | Red, black, white grey and various colours | 2-7 years. |
| 22nd group | Swan | 7 varieties | White or whitish blue. | 2-5 years. |
| 23rd group | Ruddy geese | 3 varieties | White red or blackish red. | 1½-5 years. |
| 24th group | Crane & 4 other birds | 2 varieties each | White black or blue. | 1½-5 years. |
| 25th group | Caruda, Hawks | 3,2, varieties | White red or whitish black | 2-6 years. |
| 26th group | Eagles, Crancs | 4,4, varieties | White black red or blackish red | 2-6 years<br>1½-3 years |
| 27th group | Crows | 12 varieties | Black jet black blue blackish white | 1½-3 years. |
| 28th group | Owls, Kausikatirds | 3,4, varieties | Blackish red black brown red | 1½-3 years. |
| 29th group | Parrots, Cuckoos | 3,4, varieties | Green blue, blackish red blackish white, | 1½-3 years. |
| 30th group | Peacocks | 6 varieties | Blue green red | 1½-4 years. |
| 31st group | Pigeons, Bluejays | 3,2, varieties | Blueish green grey blue | 1-2 years. |
| 32nd group | Cocks | 4 varieties | Whitish red brown | 1-2 years. |
| 33rd group | Sprrows Karkaretu Birds | 2 varieties | White, black or brown | 1-2 years. |
| 34th group | Haron, Darwaghatak | 2 varieties | White, black, blue or brown. | 1-2 years. |
| 35th group | Wagtails Skylark | 2,3, varieties | Black, blue, whitish-black. | 1-2 years. |
| 36th group | Palva & other birbs | — | Black, white, red or brown. | 1-2 years. |
STATISTICAL TABLE, (4)
| Time for full passion | Delivery time | Whether quiet hot temper or dull | Satwa or caste | Utmost age | Main food |
| 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Spring | 4-5 months. | Mean nature | Inferior in 3rd class | 5 years | Flesh, food |
| Rainy and Winter | one month. | Bad temper | do | 1½ years | Grain etc |
| do | 3-4 months. | Cruel temper Calm temper | Superior in 3rd class | 10 years | Flesh food |
| Autumn | one month | do | Superior in 2nd class | 7 years | Lotus |
| Spring | do | do | do | 6 years | do |
| Spring and Summer | do | do | do | 5 years | Flesh etc |
| do | do | do | Middle in 2nd class | 10 years | Grain etc |
| Rainy season | do | Dull nature | Middle in 3rd class | 8 years 4 years | Grain Flesh |
| Rainy season | do | do | Inferior in 3rd class | 5 years | Flesh food insects |
| Winter | do | do | do | 5 years | Flesh etc. |
| Spring and Summer | do | Calm temper | Superior in 2nd class | 5 years | Milk flesh |
| Summer and Rainy season | do | do | do | 6 years | do |
| Winter | do | do | do | 3 years | do |
| Always | do | Dull nature | Superior in 3rd class | 2½ years | Flesh insects |
| do | do | do | Middle in 3rd class | 2½ years | do |
| do | do | do | Inferior in 3rd class | 2½ years | do |
| Winter and Spring | do | Calm temper | Superior in 3rd class | 2½ years | do |
| do | do | do | do | 2½ years | Fruits etc |
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