मेरा आजीवन कारावास / माझी जन्मठेप (स्वातंत्र्यवीर सावरकर - काले पानी का ऐतिहासिक संस्मरण)

CHAPTER XV
The prisoner's food in the Andamans
While these changes were going on in India between the end of 1911 and the
beginning of 1912, I had nearly finished my one year of imprisonment in the island of the
Andamans. In spite of bad food and inhuman treatment in that prison, I had managed to
keep normal health, on the whole, during the period. I may, therefore, give here a general
idea of the kind of food we were served in this prison.
A Prisoner's Ration
The quantity of daily food allowed to a prisoner in this jail, measured by prison-
regulations, was both sufficient and nutritious. But there was no end of trouble for the
food to reach the mouth of the prisoner himself in quality as well as in quantity. The
prisoners from the Punjab and the Pathans consume, mainly, wheat as their staple food.
The large number of warders and jamadars in the jail came to be drawn from the
Mussulman prisoners hailing from the Punjab and the North-West Frontier of India. And
they were appointed, for the most part, as supervisors over convicts detailed for the
hardest labour in this prison. Hence, they could easily deprive the prisoners in charge of
the large quantity of wheat bread allotted to them as their daily food. They did it by
coercion, tempetation or both. As a result, these hard-worked prisoners generally went
without bread and had to feed themselves exclusively on boiled rice- When the meal was
being served to them, they had to put their quantity of bread in the bowl of the Pathan and
the Panjabi warder and be content with rice alone. And if any one refused to pay this
daily toll, prompt came the threat from the warder that he would make a hell for the
prisoner who would not part with his bread to him. And the warder never failed to shape
the deed to the word. He harassed the poor prisoner in his work, he made false allegations
against him, he got him tried for faked charges, and he got him punished for those
charges. A large number of these wicked warders consisted of Mussulmans from Sindh,
Punjab and the N.W.F. Province. And the prisoners under them were mostly Hindus. The
Hindu prisoners were persecuted by the Mussulman warders as a matter of religion and
fanaticism, and their complaints never reached the ears of the custodians of the jail. For
the warders and the jamadars were all-in-all in that work, and saw to it that their own
actions were not reported to the authorities above them. The warders took their meals in
prison and, therefore, they could part with their rice to the prisoners in exchange for
bread. But the petty officer and the jamadar did not dine in prison because they were
regarded as Officers. They were not allowed to do so. But the law did not prevent them
from making a meal of the food allotted to the prisoners. So they took away the bread of
the prisoners without giving them anything in return. Besides, this way of satisfying their
hunger saved them all the bother of having a kitchen in their own quarters. It saved them
a lot of expenditure also. The prisoners had to part with all their bread to these Officers in