मल्लपुराण (ज्येष्ठिमल्ल - प्राचीन भारतीय मल्लविद्या, अखाड़ा व्यायाम व कुश्ती महाग्रन्थ)

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Physical exercises are not suitable at all times and in some cases may
endanger health and life. The mallas have, therefore, enjoined, the following
persons not to take exercise: Pīnasa ( persons having Nasal disease ), Sofavān
( having swelling ), Kāsa ( having dry coughing ), Śvāsa ( having heavy breath-
ing ), Kṣudhātura ( Hungry ), Bhuktavān ( one who has eaten ), Akṣam ( weak ),
Kṣīṇa ( emaciated ), Vyagra, cintātura ( worried ), Ajīrṇavāna ( dispeptic ),
Durbala ( without strength ), Strīsukṣīṇa ( weakened by sexual relation ), Mada-
pīḍita ( intoxicated ), Sirorogārta ( troubled by disease of head ), Bhrānta ( mad ),
Kshudhāviṣṭo ( very hungry ). Some of these disabilities are temporary and
others of longer duration.
Alpaśrama
Alapaśrama is noted as light exercise and it is defined as that form which
does not lead to perspiration or heavy breathing. This definition suggests the
amount rather than the types of exercises.
Such Alpaśrama leads to the development of strength, improves digestion,
feeling of lightness and enthusiasm, stops old age, keeps muscles firm and leads
to general development ( Bṛhaṇa ).
This is recommended for children, old people, persons weakened by fever,
wounded people, man with eye-disease, sick, weak and suffering from weak
digestion, vāta, heat and overwork. It is also recommended for persons, who
have insufficient blood, who have observed fast and have deformed body
( Kuśarīra ).
Ardhaśrama
Ardhaśrama is more strenuous than Alpaśrama. It is defined as the exer-
cise which leads to perspiration on the neck, face, armpits, hand and leg-joints
and develops rather hard breathing.
Ardhaśrama develops pleasant mind ( Saumanasa ), strength, nourishment,
enthusiasm, joy, happiness and builds up strength and stamina. It removes
fainting, fat, bile etc.
Pūrṇaśrama
This form leads to heavy perspiration all over the body and the eyes
become red. It causes heavy breathing and may result in parching of throat,
giddiness, fainting thirst, loss of strength, vomitting, bleeding, burning in heart
and even fever.
The good effects of this form of exercise is health, strength, destruction of
diseases of heart, bile, worms, Kuṣṭha. It leads to courage, endurance, good
apetite and destruction of diseases.
It is recommended for Jyeṣṭhī, Antarjyeṣṭhī and Gopakula wrestlers. This
form includes very heavy exercises and proper care is taken to point out various