मल्लपुराण (ज्येष्ठिमल्ल - प्राचीन भारतीय मल्लविद्या, अखाड़ा व्यायाम व कुश्ती महाग्रन्थ)

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CHAPTER FIFTEENTH describes the varieties of wrestling such as
(1) Dharaṇīpāta, (2) Āsura, (3) Nāram, (4) Yuddham. The details of the
varieties of (1) Dharaṇīpāta, (2) Āsura and (3) Dharmayuddha are given,
where as the text is silent for other variety. Here impartiality by the king is
ordained for the mallas.
The SIXTEENTH CHAPTER deals with the fight of Gaja, Vṛṣabha,
Siṁha and Mṛga. Here the rules of these fights are noted as well as the
rules of the wrestling of Gaja-siṁha, Siṁha-vṛṣabha, Siṁha-Mṛga ; Gaja-Mṛga,
Gaja-Vṛṣabha ; Vṛṣabha-Mṛga.
The SEVENTEENTH CHAPTER further details out the fight. It is
partly incomplete but seems to detail the movements in wrestling under the term
Chadaki, Ḍhokar etc. The various movements, Bhaṅgas, Kartari and other
types are given.
The LAST CHAPTER glorifies these tricks and gives the summary of
Mallaśāstra. Balabhadra became angry and wanted to go to the forest but was
stopped from doing so. Then the creation of Maheśvari, Vaiṣṇavī and Brāhmī,
Śakti is noted. Someśvara received Mallavidyā and asked Kṛṣṇa to be his
companion in wrestling and asks for protection. Theroupon Kṛṣṇa creates the
goddess Limbajā for their protection. The twelve gotras of wrestlers were fixed
and the method of protection of mallas and some moral code is given and the
book ends with Purāṇa Praśaṁsā and Vyāsapujā.
Classification of Mallas :—
The Mallapurāṇa being a work on the mallas, naturally gives good in-
formation on their varieties. The classification as noted in the Purāṇa differ
from place to place. The following classifications are noticed in the work.
Chapter III—Jyeṣṭhī, Antarjyeṣṭhī, Gopakula, Bhaviṣya.
Chapter IV—Asthisāra, Māṁsasāra, Medasāra, Asthi-Māṁsasāra, Medāsthisāra.
Chapter V—Yuvā, Prāṇavāna, Jyeṣṭhī, Antarjyeṣṭhī, Gopakula, Bhaviṣya,
Bāla, Vṛddha, Gaja, Vṛṣa, Siṁha, Mṛga
Chapter VI—Urusāra, Skandhasāra, Bhujasāra, Kaṭisāra, Jānusāra.
Chapter XI—Follows the classification of chapter IV.
Chapter XV—The Gaja Vṛṣa Siṁha, Mṛga, classification is given.
It is clear from these classifications that different basis are used by the
author at different places. Chapter III gives the traditional list as known
also from Mānasollāsa¹. In this list only two types of mallas can be seen.
They are the Jyeṣṭhī and Antarjyeṣṭhī. They can be explained as the chief
wrestlers and those who are of rather lower capacity but help the Jyeṣṭhis in
training and who fight if necessary. Gopakula seems more as an appendage
¹ Mānasollāsa, part, Vol. II, G. O. Series. p. 229 ff.