काव्यप्रकाश (आचार्य मम्मट - सम्पूर्ण १० उल्लास सटीक)

386 KĀVYAPRAKĀŚA
अत्र 'कृष्णं निहत्य नरकासुरवधूनां यदि दुःखं प्रशमयसि
तत् त्वमेव श्लाघ्यः' इति विशेषे प्रकृते सामान्यमभिहितम् ।
तुल्ये प्रस्तुते तुल्याभिधाने त्रयः प्रकाराः । श्लेषः समासोक्तिः
सादृश्यमात्रं वा तुल्यात् तुल्यस्य ह्याक्षेपे हेतुः । क्रमेणोदाहरणम्—
पुंस्त्वादपि प्रविचलेद् यदि यद्यधोपि
यायाद् यदि प्रणयने न महानपि स्यात् ।
अभ्युद्धरेत्तदपि विश्वमितीदृशीयं
केनापि दिक् प्रकटिता पुरुषोत्तमेन ॥४४३॥
(d) 'When a man wipes away the tears from the eyes
of his friend’s wives, by avenging himself on his enemy,
then alone does he deserve to be honoured, then alone is
he to be regarded as a man, as a statesman, an abode of
majesty ; and then alone is his life worth something.’
What was meant to be expressed was a particular state-
ment (addressed to Narakāsura’s (friend) that—‘Then alone
will you be deserving of praise, when, by killing Kṛṣṇa
(who has killed Narakāsura), you will have alleged the
anguish of Naraka’s wives ’; while what is actually ex-
pressed is a general statement (without reference to any
particular case).

• (e) Of that case, where while what is meant to be
  described is one thing, what is actually described is
  something else of the same class,—there are three varieties,
  according as the indication of one thing by another of the
  same class is done (1) by a Pun, or (2) by Modal Metaphor,
  or (3) by mere similarity.
  Examples in order—
  (1) ‘One may deviate from the standard of manhood,
  he may lower himself by begging, he may even demean