काव्यमीमांसा (महाकवि राजशेखर - कवि-रहस्य एवं देश-विभाग सटीक)

२७३
श्लोकः पृष्टम् श्लोकः पृष्टम्
यस्याः २८ वचः ५१
यस्याधोऽधः ८८ वधूः ४३
यस्याराति० ६४ वनानि १००
यस्योत्तमाम् ९२ वन्द्या ८७
या केलि० १०० वयम् २६
या चन्द्रिका १०७ वरदाय ५७
यादांसि ९६ वराह० १०२
या दुग्धाऽपि ६ वल्मीक० २७
यायावरीयः २ वसन्ते ८२
या व्यापारवती ६० वस्तु० ४६
यांस्तर्क० ३८ वाग्भावको १५
युधिष्ठिर० ५७ वात्या० १००
युष्मच्छासन० ३२ विकास० १०६
ये कीर्ण० ७१ विचकिल० ११०
येन ८८ वित्रस्त० २३
येऽपि ३३ विद्याधराप्सरो० २९
येषां मध्ये १०३ विद्यास्थानानाम् ३
येषां वल्लभया ४६ विद्येव १७
ये सीमन्तित० ७१ विधर्माणो ४६
यो माधवी० १०५ विन्ध्यश्च ५२
रक्तत्० ८१ विन्ध्यस्य ६८
रजनि० ७४ विभक्तयः ३३
रवि० ७१ विमुक्त० १०३
रसः ३४ वियति ७४
रात्रिः १०३ विरम ३९
रीतिम् ५४ विलास० ९३
रीतिरूपम् ३१ विशिखा० ७४
रुणद्धि ९० विशेष० २२
रोहीतक० १०५ विपयस्य ६३
लकुचाद्यन्तर्व्याजम् ११२ वेदार्थस्य ३६
लक्ष्म्याः ७६ वैदर्भी ३१
लम्पाकीनाम् ९९ व्यक्त० २८
ललत्० ३४ व्योम्नि १०१
ललितम् ३३ शब्दानाम् १४
लावणो ९१ शब्दार्थ० ७८
लीढाभिधोपनिषदाम् ५४ शब्दार्थोक्तिषु ६२
लेखया ८५ शम० ३८
लोलत्० १७ शरत् ११०
३५

२७४
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
शरीर ३८ सशमी० १०३
शाखा० ९७ स सधरिष्णुः ३६
शारदायाः ३४ संसंस्कृतम् ३३
शेताम् ८१ ससल्की० १००
शैल० ७३ सहकार० १०७
शोकाश्रुभिः ७० सह्याद्रेः ९६
शोभान्धो० १११ सा पत्युः ४७
श्यामम् ६९ सांयात्रिकैः ८४
श्यामेषु ९६ सा तत्र ९३
श्रान्ता ६० सा भाति १०१
श्रियः ४२ सामान्य० ३६
श्रीमन्ति २७ साम्यम् १०९
श्रुतीनाम् ३६ सारस्वतः १३
सकाकु० ३४ सारस्वतम् ११
सखञ्जरीटा १०१ सिद्धार्थ० १०४
सख्या ३२ सिद्धिः ५४
सङ्क्षिप्तं ८२ सुभ्रू ६१
सति २० सुराष्ट्र० ३४
सत्काव्ये १५ सुसज्जिताम् ३०
स दक्षिणापाङ्ग० ४० सेयम् ३२
स देवः २४ सोऽयं करैः १००
सद्यः ६७ सोऽयं कवीनाम् ८९
सन्ति १५ सोऽयं भणिति० ७१
सन्मार्गालोकन० ७६ सोऽस्मिन् २४
स पातु वो यस्य जटा० ५७ स्तिमित० ४८
स पातु वो यस्य शिखा० ४४ स्तेमः २५, ८३
स पातु वो यस्य हता० ५७ स्तोकानुप्रास० २९
समम् ६७ स्त्रियः १०४
समासरूपक० ३० स्थिते ६५
समासव्याससंदब्धम् २९ स्थूलावश्याय० १०९
सम्यक् २१ स्नानाद्रीन्द्रैः ६७, ७६
संविधातु० ७३, ७४ स्फटिक० ७४
संस्तम्भिनी ९० स्फुटित० ३९
सरलकर ७१ स्मृत्वा ४२
सरस्वती ७५ स्रोतांसि १०६
सरिताम् ४ स्वामी १५
सर्गः प्रतिसंहारः ३ स्वास्थ्यम् ४९
सर्व० २८ हतत्विषोऽन्धाः १६

२७५
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् | श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
हरहास० ९० | हारो ७७
हरोऽपि १२ | हिमवत् ९४
हर्म्यम् १०८ | हिरण्य० ३६
हलमनु ८९ | हृष्यति २४
हलम्पार० ५६ | हे नागराज ८८
हंस ३५ | ह्रस्वैः ३०

Index of Proper names occurring in the Kâvyamîmâmsâ.
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
अमरः ५५ ध्रुवस्वामिनी ४७
अवन्तिसुन्दरी २०, ४६, ५७ नन्दिकेश्वरः १
आचार्याः ३, ९, १३, १६, २०, पतञ्जलिः ५५
२३, ३०, ३५, ५०, ५१, परमेष्ठी० १
५६, ५७, ५८, ६१, ६२, पाणिनिः ५५
७८, ९४, ९९. पाणिनीयाः २२
आनन्दः १६ पाराशरः १
आपराजितिः ४५ पाल्यकीर्तिः ४६
उक्तिगर्भः १ पिङ्गलः ५५
उतथ्यः १ पुलस्त्यः १
उपमन्युः १ प्रचेतायनः १
उपवर्षः ५५ प्राचेतसः ७
उशना ६ बार्हस्पत्याः ४
औद्भटाः २२, ४४ भरतः १
औपकायनः १ भवानी ८
औमेयौ ८, ९, १० भारविः ५५
औशनसाः ४ मङ्गलः ११, १४, १६, २०
कर्णः ८८ मानवाः ४
कामदेवः १ मेण्ठः ५५
कालिदासः १४, ५५ मेधाविरुद्रः १२
काव्यपुरुषः ५, १० यायावरीयः २, ३, ४, १०, ११, १३,
कुचमारः १ १४, १६, १७, २०, २३,
कुड्डालैश्वरः ७९ २५, २६, २७, ३०, ३१,
कुबेरः १ ३५, ४२, ४४, ४५, ४६,
कुमारदासः १२ ५०, ५१, ५६, ५८, ६१,
कुविन्दः ५० ६२, ६३, ७८, ९०, ९१,
कौटिल्यः ४ ९४, ९९, १००
खसाधिपतिः ४७ राजशेखरः २
गोनर्दीयः २६ रुद्रटः ३१
गौरी ७, १० रूपः ५५
चन्द्रगुप्तः ५५ वररुचिः ५५
चित्रशिखः ३९ वर्षः ५५
चित्रसुन्दरी ४० वाक्पतिराजः ६२
चित्राङ्गदः १ वामनीयाः १४, २०
द्रौहिणिः २, ४२ वाल्मीकिः ७
द्वैपायनः ७, ५८ वासुदेवः ५५
धिषणः १, ५ वैकुण्ठः १

२७७
{lr|lr}
श्लोक: & पृष्ठम् & श्लोक: & पृष्ठम्

व्याडि: & ५५ & सातवाहन: & ५०, ५५

शिशुनाग: & ५० & सारस्वतेय: & १, ५, ६, ७, ८, १०

शूद्रक: & ५५ & साहसाङ्क: & ५०, ५५

शेष: & १ & साहित्यविद्यावधू: & ७

श्यामदेव: & ११, १३, १७ & सुरानन्द: & ७५

श्रीकण्ठ: & १ & सुवर्णनाभ: & १

श्रीकेशव: & ७९ & सूर: & ५५

श्रीशर्मगुप्त: & ४७ & हरिचन्द्र: & ५५

सरस्वती & ५, ६, १० & हर्ष: & ९०

सहस्राक्ष: & १ & हली० & ५६

Index of Geographical names occurring in the
Kâvyamîmâmsâ.
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् | श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
अङ्ग ८, ९३ | काश्मीर ८, ३४
अन्तर्वेदी ९४ | किम्पुरुषवर्ष ९२
अन्ध्र. ८४, १०० | कीर ९४
अयोध्या ८५ | कुन्तल ९, ३९, ५०, ६१, ९३
अर्बुद ९, ९४ | कुमारीद्वीप ९२
अवन्ती ९, ५१ | कुमारीपुरम् ९२
अश्मक ९३ | कुलूत ९४
आनर्त ९४ | कुशद्वीपः ९०
आर्यावर्त ९३ | कुहू ९४
इन्द्रकील ९४ | कृष्णवेणा ९४
इन्द्रद्वीप ९२ | केकय ९४
इरावती ९४ | केरल ९, ९३, १००
इलावृतवर्ष ९२ | कोल्लगिरि ९३
उज्जयिनी ५०, ५५ | कोसल ९३
उत्कल ९३ | कौङ्कण ९३
उत्तरकोसल ९६ | क्रथकैशिक ९३
उत्तराः कुरवः ९२ | क्रौञ्चद्वीपः ९०
उत्तरापथ ३४, ९४ | गङ्गा ९३, ९४
उत्तरलावती ९४ | गन्धर्वः ९२
ऋक्षपर्वत ९२ | गभस्तिमान् ९२
कच्छीय ९४ | गाङ्ग ९३
कपिशा ९३ | गाधिपुर ९४
करकण्ठ ९४ | गिरिनगर ९४
करतोया ९३ | गोदावरी ९४, ९६
कर्णाटाः ३४ | गोवर्धन ९४
कलिङ्ग ९, ९३ | गौड ८, ३३, ३४, ५१
कलिन्द ९४ | चकोर ९३
कसेरुमान् ९२ | चक्रवर्तिक्षेत्रम् ९, १०, ९२
काञ्ची ९३, ९६ | चन्दनगिरि ९६
कामरूप ९३ | चन्द्रभागा ९४, ९९
काम्बोज ९४ | चन्द्राचल ९४
कार्तिकेयनगरम् ४७ | चोल ९३
कालप्रिय ९४ | जम्बूद्वीपः ९०, ९१
कावेर ९३ | जाह्नवी ७९, ८५
कावेरी ९४, ११० | टक्क ५१

२७९
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
तङ्गण ९४ पूर्वदेश ९३, ९७
तापी ९४ पृथूदक ९४
ताम्रपर्ण ९२ प्रयाग ९४
ताम्रपर्णी १९, ४५, ८०, ९४ प्राग्ज्योतिष ९३
ताम्रलिप्तक ९३ प्लक्षद्वीपः ९०
तुङ्गभद्रा ९४ बर्बर ९४
तुरुष्क ९४ बाहुवेय ८
तुषार ९४ बाहीक ८
तुषारगिरि ५, १० बिन्दुसर ९२
तोसल ९३ बृहद्गृह ९३
त्रवण ३४, ९४ ब्रह्म ८
दक्षिणदेश ९७ ब्रह्मशिला ९४
दक्षिणापथ ९३ ब्रह्मोत्तर ९३
दण्डक ९३ ब्राह्मणवाह ९४
दर्दुर ९३ भादानक ५१
दशपुर ७१, ८६ भारतवर्ष ९२
दशेरक ९४ भृगुकच्छ ९, ९४
देवसभ ९४ भैमरथी ९४
देविका ९४ मगध ३३, ५०, ९३
द्रमिल ३९ मञ्जर ९, ९४
द्रविड ३४ मध्यदेश ५१, ९४
द्रोणाचल ८७ मरु ५१
नर्मदा ६८, ९४ मलद ९३
नागद्वीप ९२ मलय ३९, ४५, ७७, ८१, ९२, ९३, १००
नासिक्य ९३ मल्लवर्तक ९
निषध ९२ महाराष्ट्र ९, ९३
नीलगिरिः ९२ मही ९४
नेपाल ३९, ९३ महेन्द्र ९२, ९३
पयोष्णी ९४ महोदय ८, ९४
पल्लव ९३ मालव ५
पश्चाद्देश ९४ माल्यशिखर ९४
पाञ्चाल ८, ९, ३४ माहिषक ९३
पाटलिपुत्र ५५ माहिष्मती ९३
पाण्ड्य ९३ मुद्गर ९३
पारियात्र ५१, ९२ मुरल ९३
पाल ९, ९३ मेकल ९, ९३
पुण्ड्र ८, ९३ मेरु ८५, ९१, ९२
पुष्करद्वीपः ९० यमुना ८५, ९४

२८०
श्लोकः पृष्ठम् श्लोकः पृष्ठम्
यवन ९४ वोक्काण ९४
रत्नवती ३९ शक ९४
रमठ ९४ शतद्रु ९४
रम्यकवर्ष ९२ शाल्मलद्वीपः ९०
रावणगङ्गा ९४ शिप्रा ७९
लङ्का १०० शुक्तिमान् ९२
लाट ३४, ५१, १०९, ११० शूरसेन ८, ५०
लिम्पाक ९४ शृङ्गवान् ९२
लोहितगिरि ९३ शोण ९३
लौहित्य ९३ श्रीपर्वत ९४
वक्र ८ श्वभ्रवती ९४
वञ्जुरा ९४ श्वेतगिरिः ९२
वत्सगुल्मम् ९० सरयू ४३
वरुण ९२ सरस्वती ९४
वर्णा ८४ सहुड ९४
वल्लार ९३ सह्य ८५, ९२, ९४, ९६
वह्लव ९४ सिन्धु ९४
वाणायुज ९४ सिंहल ९३
वानवासक ९३ सुराष्ट्र ९, ३४, ९४
वामनस्वामी ९४ सुह्म ८, ९३
वाराणसी ३३, ९३ सूपारक ९३
वार्तघ्नी ९४ सौम्य ९२
वाल्हीक ९४ हंसमार्ग ९४
वाहीक ८, ११० हरहूरव ९४
वितस्ता ९४ हरिवर्ष ९२
विदर्भ १०, ९३ हस्तिनापुर ८
विदेह ९३ हिडिंबा ९४
विनशन ९४ हिमवान् ५९, ८१, ९२, ९४, ९६
विन्ध्य ६८, ९२, ९३, ९४ हिमालयः ४७, ९४, ९६
विपाशा ९४ हिरण्मयवर्ष ९२
विशाला ५५ हूण ९४, १०९
वेणा ९४ हूहुक ९४
वैदिश ९ हेमकूट ९२

APPENDIX I.
Identification of geographical names occurring
in the Kāvyamīmāṁsā.

1. Aṅga ... ...The country lying between Bhagalpur and
   Monghyr. Its capital was Campāpurī
   which is now located within two miles
   west of Bhagalpur.
2. Antarvedi ...The tract of country surrounded by the
   Ganges in the north and the Yamunā in
   the south; and Vinaśana (or the place
   where Sarasvatī disappears) in the west
   and Prayāga in the east.
3. Andhra ... ...The country lying between the river Godā-
   varī in the north and the Kṛṣṇā in the
   south. Pratiṣṭhānapura was its capital.
4. Ayodhyā... ...Situated on the river Sarayū in the
   United Provinces.
5. Arbuda ... ...Mount Abu in the Aravalli range now
   included in the Sirohi state of Rajputana.
   According to Rājaśekhara the part of the
   country surrounding Mount Abu is also
   called Arbuda, because he makes Arbuda
   both a mountain and a Janapada.
6. Avanti ... ...The country of which Ujjain was the
   capital. It is said to be the kingdom of
   Vikramāditya.
7. Aśmaka ... ...Rājaśekhara mentions this among the co-
   untries of South India. The Brahmāṇḍa-
   purāṇa also places it in the southern India.
   But the Kūrmapurāṇa and the Bṛhat-
   saṁhitā mention this country as a part of
   North India and locate it near the Punjab.
   The Daśakumāracarita, Harṣacarita and
   Bhaṭṭasvāmin-the commentator on the
   36

282 APPENDIX I.
Arthaśāstra, include Aśmaka as a part of
the Mahārāṣṭra country. It appears, there-
fore, that Aśmaka was situated between
the Godāvarī and Māhiṣmatī, and formed
part of Vidarbha.
8. Ānarta ... ...Includes northern Gujarat and portions of
the Malwa country; its capital was Ānar-
ttapura, afterwards called Ānandapura, the
modern Vadnagar.
9. Āryāvarta ...The northern part of India lying between
the Himālayas in the north and the
Vindhya range in the south; and between
the eastern and western oceans.
10. Irāvatī ... ...This may be identified with the river Ravi
on the banks of which Lahore is situated.
Some scholars identify this with the river
Rapti in Oudh, but this does not seem to
be correct, since Rājaśekhara locates the
river in the northern India.
11. Ilāvṛtavarṣa ...The country surrounding the Mahāmeru,
or the mountain situated in the middle of
the Jambūdvīpa. The Meru is said to
have three Varṣas in the north and three
more in the south. Among the six, the
Bhāratavarṣa is rogarded as the third to
the south.
12. Indrakīla ...One of the peaks in the interior of the
Himālayas.
13. Indradvīpa ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
The division of Bhāratavarṣa in nine parts
occurs in the Purāṇas, as well as in the
Kāvyamīmāṁsā which depends for its in-
formation on the Purāṇas·with regard to
this topic. Some scholars are inclined to
identify this with Burma as it is situated
in the east, the direction of Indra.
14. Ujjainī ... ...Modern Ujjain.

APPENDIX I. 283
15. Utkala ... ...Orissa or the northern part of the Kaliṅga
country. The river Vaitaraṇī forms its
northern boundary.
16. Uttarakośala...The kingdom of Oudh had two divisions,
Uttarakośala and Kośala. Ayodhyā and
Kuśāvatī were the capitals of the two
Kośalas.
17. Uttarakuru ...The Purāṇas consider this to be a Varṣa
surrounding the Varṣa Parvata Śṛṅgavān
which is the third mountain range from
the Mahāmeru in the north. Rājaśekhara
follows the same view. According to the
Rāmāyaṇa and the Mahābhārata, Tibet
and eastern Turkistan were included in
the Uttarakuru.
18. Uttarāpatha ...The country to the north of Pṛthūdaka
(or Pehoa in the Karnal district of Punjab
on the river Sarasvatī) is called Uttarā-
patha. Pṛthūdaka is fourteen miles to the
west of Thāneśvara.
19. Utpalāvatī ...This is a river in the Tinnevelly district
in the southern India. The river runs
parallel to the Tāmraparṇī.
20. Ṛkṣaparvata ...This is one of the Kulaparvatas of the
Kumārīdvīpa or India. This mountain
forms part of the eastern range of the
Vindhyas extending from the bay of
Bengal to the source of the Narmadā.
21. Kacchīya ...Cutch. It was known also as Maru-
Kaccha in the Bṛhatsaṁhitā.
22. Kapiśā ... ...The river Suvarṇarekhā in Singbhum and
Orissa. (see Raghuvaṁśa IV. 38). The
source of the river is said to be the
Ṛkṣaparvata.
23. Karakaṇṭha ...One of the countries in the Uttarāpatha.
It may be identified with the valley of
Karakoram. As Karachi is situated in

284 APPENDIX I.
the western India, its identification with
Karakaṇṭha will be hazardous. But the
Kārāpatha or Karabagh as it is now called,
on the right or the west bank of the Indus
at the foot of the salt range locally called
Nili hill in the Bannu district may, how-
ever, be identified as an alternative with
the Karakaṇṭha of Rājaśekhara.
24. Karatoyā ...A sacred river flowing through the dist-
ricts of Rangpur, Dinajpur and Bogra in
Bengal and joining the river Brahmaputra
near the Gangetic delta.
25. Karṇāṭas ...People living in the Karṇāṭadeśa which
includes the Mysore state, Coorg and part
of the Ceded districts.
26. Kaliṅga ... ...The northern Circars, a country lying
between Orissa in the north and Andhra
in the south and bordering on the sea.
Rājaśekhara includes this amongst the
countries situated in the southern and the
eastern India.
27. Kalinda ... ...A part of the Himālayas known by this
name. It is the source of the river
Yamunā which is called Kālindī in conse-
quence.
28. Kaserumān ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
This division is referred to in the Purāṇas
and in the Kāvyamīmāṁsā. It is identified
by some with Singapore in the Malaya
States. (see Cunningham's A. G. Notes
p. 752).
29. Kāñcī ... ...Kāñcīpura or Conjeevaram, the capital of
the Draviḍa or the Cola country on the
river Pālār. It is situated 'at a distance of
forty three miles south west of Madras.
30. Kāmarūpa ...Assam. Rājaśekhara mentions Kāmarūpa
as one of the mountains situated in the
eastern part of India but not as a Janapada.

APPENDIX I. 285
Prāgjyotiṣapura was the capital of Kāma-
rūpa. (see Raghuvaṁśa IV. 83-84). Very
probably this Kāmarūpaparvata repre-
sents the Nīla hill or Nīlakūṭaparvata
where the temple of the celebrated Kāmā-
khyādevī is situated.
31. Kāmboja... ...Afghanistan, or at least its northern part.
Rājaśekhara mentions this among the coun-
tries in the Uttarāpatha. According to
the Raghuvaṁśa (IV. 68-69) this country
is situated between the river Oxus and the
Himālayas. (see Hūṇa).
32. Kārtikeyanagara Baijanātha or Vaidyanātha in the district
of Kumaun about eighty miles from Al-
mora. (see notes p. 194).
33. Kālapriya ...Kālapriyanātha is the name of the Mahā-
deva worshipped in a temple situated in
the southern part of the city Kānyakubja
or Kanauj. This Kālapriyanātha is men-
tioned in the dramas of Bhavabhūti who
was a court-poet of king Yaśovarman of
Kanauj. (see notes p. 243).
34. Kāvera ... ...Some districts of the Draviḍadeśa on the
banks of the Kāverī, and especially the
delta of the river.
35. Kāverī ... ...River Kāverī in the southern India which
rises from a spring called the Candratīrtha
on the Brahmagiri mountain in Coorg.
36. Kāśmīra... ...Kashmir.
37. Kimpuruṣavarṣa This Varṣa is situated immediately to the
north of the Himālayas encircling the
Hemakūṭa Parvata. This is the second
Varṣa from the Mahāmeru on the southern
side. Mr. Nandolal Dey identifies this
Varṣa with Nepāl, but this is against the
statement of Rājaśekhara. Nepal is men-
tioned by him in the eastern part of the
Bhāratavarṣa, while he places the Kimpu-

286 APPENDIX I.
ruṣavarṣa to the north of the Himālayas.
Some scholars are inclined to identify this
Varṣa with Tibet which seems to be more
probable.
38. Kīra ... ...Baijnātha or Kīragrāma in the Punjab.
This may also be identified as the country
round about the Kirthar range in
North-west India beyond Sindh. But
Rājaśekhara includes this amongst the coun-
tries of the Uttarāpatha. It is, therefore,
possible to locate this country in South
Afghanistan to the north of the Kirthar
range. One ‘Śāhi’ is said to have been the
king of Kīra country (Epi. Ind. Vol. I.
p. 122) who is identified as a ruler of
Afghanistan and the Punjab during 9th
and 10th centuries A. D. For further
imformation about Kīras (see IHQ. Vol.
IX. No. 1).
39. Kuntala ... ...Rājaśekhara locates Kuntala in the southern
India and Sātavāhanas are mentioned as
the rulers of the country. The tract of
country between the two rivers Godāvarī
and Kṛṣṇā is the country of the Kuntalas,
and sometimes a portion of Karṇāṭaka
as also of Vidarbha are included in this
country.
40. Kumārīdvīpa ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
According to Rājaśekhara’s conception, this
Dvīpa seems to represent India, situated
between the Himālayas in the north and
the Cape Comorin in the south, because he
mentions the seven Kulaparvatas such as
Vindhya, Pāriyātra, etc. as situated in the
Kumārīdvīpa. (see p. 92).
41. Kumārīpuram Cape Comorin, also known as Kanyākumārī.
42. Kulūta This country is situated in the northern
India or Uttarāpatha. This is undoubtedly

APPENDIX I. 287
the modern Kulu in the Kangra district
in the upper valley of the Bias in the
Punjab. The kingdom of Kia-lu-to is
placed by Hiuen Thsang at 700 li or 117
miles to the north-east of Jalandhar, which
corresponds exactly with the present po-
sition of the Kulu. Its old capital was at
Nagarkot, while Sultanpur or Sthanpur
is its present headquarters.
43. Kuśadvīpa ...One of the seven Dvīpas of the world, and
this is said to be surrounded by the
Sarpis-samudra.
44. Kuhū ... ...A river in the Uttarāpatha. This is very
probably the same as the Kabul river
which is also known as the Kubhā in the
Vedas or Kophes of the Greeks. This is
an affluent of the river Indus and rises
at the foot of Kohi Baba.
45. Kṛṣṇaveṇā ...The Kṛṣṇā. This is also called the Kṛṣṇa-
veṇā at the point where it is united with
the river Veṇā. The river flows through
the Dakṣiṇāpatha or the southern India.
46. Kekaya .. ...The country lying between the Bias and
the Sutlej in the Punjab.
47. Kerala ... ...The Malabar coast or the Cera country
comprising Malabar, Travancore and Co-
chin states.
48. Kollagiri... ...Coorg which is now included in the Mysore
state. The river Kāverī rises from this
place. It is also known as Kolagiri or
Koḍagu.
49. Kośala ... ...The southern part of the kingdom of Oudh.
Kośala was divided into two kingdoms
called Uttarakośala and Kośala. Ayodhyā
and Kuśāvatī were the capitals of these
two divisions respectively.
50. Kauṅkaṇa ...Same as the country known as Paraśu-
rāmakṣetra. This is the tract of land

288 APPENDIX I.
lying between the western Ghats and the
Arabian sea. Kālidāsa names this country
as Aparānta (Raghuvaṁśa IV. 58).
51. Krathakaiśika The country of Vidarbha is called the land
of Krathakaiśikas (Raghuvaṁśa V. 39–40).
But Rājaśekhara mentions these two coun-
tries separately in the Dakṣiṇāpatha. Ac-
cording to the Mahābhārata, a Vidarbha
king had two sons Kratha and Kaiśika,
and after their names the country was
known as Krathakaiśika (see Sabhā. ch.
13). Rājaśekhara very probably means
that Krathakaiśika was only a part of the
Vidarbha country.
52. Krauñcadvīpa One of the seven Dvīpas of the world. It
is said to be encircled by the Dadhi ocean.
53. Gaṅgā ... ...The river Ganges. Rājaśekhara mentions
Gaṅgā in the list of rivers of the northern
and western India, probably because the
Ganges flows through both.
54. Gandharva ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
In some Purāṇas, it is also mentioned as
Gāndharva. On the authority of chapters
cxiii, 10–11 and cxiv 11. of the Uttara-
kāṇḍa of the Rāmāyaṇa, some scholars,
identify this part as the country of Gān-
dhāra or the valley of the Kabul, with a
small tract of land to the east of the Indus.
(see Cunningham's A. G. Notes. p. 752).
55. Gabhastimān ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
Some scholars locate this part in the south-
west of India following the order of the
nine parts mentioned in the Purāṇas and
the Kāvyamīmāṁsā. (see Cunningham's
A. G. Notes p. 752).
56. Gāṅga ... ...This country is located in the Dakṣiṇā-
patha. This may be identified as the
Koṅgu country of the southern India

APPENDIX I. 289
which comprises the districts of Coimbatore
and Salem. The name Gāṅga or Koṅgu
seems to have been derived from the name
of the dynasty of the Western Gāṅgas
who ruled over the south of Mysore with
Salem, Coimbatore, the Nilgiris and parts
of Malabar, from the 2nd to the 9th
century A. D. Evidently, therefore, it
should not be identified, as some scholars
have done, with the Rāḍha country and
Saptagrāma which form part of South
Bengal and which is also known as Gāṅge
or Gāṅga according to Ptolemy and Hari-
hara and Belur inscriptions (Rice's Mysore
Inscriptions pp. 70,222). The Kaliṅga
country which was also ruled over by the
Eastern Gāṅga dynasty during the 7th
century A. D. cannot be taken to re-
present the Gāṅga country mentioned here
by Rājaśekhara, as he had already included
Kaliṅga, or the districts of Ganjam and
Vizag. amongst the eastern countries
of India.
57. Gādhipura ...According to the Bālarāmāyaṇa, (X 88)
Gādhipura is another name of the city
of Kānauj, while Kāvyamīmāṁsā takes it
to be a suburb of Kanauj, and as situated
on the northern side of the city. (see
p. 243).
58. Girinagara ...Girnar. Rājaśekhara places this hill in
the western India, and this has been
identified with the well-known Girnar hills
situated at a small distance from the town
of Junagadh in Kathiawar. This is now
presumed to be the Raivatakagiri of the
Purāṇas.
59. Godāvarī ...A river in South India. Its source has
been traced to the Brahmagiri situated on
37

290 APPENDIX I.
the side of a village called Tryambak,
twenty miles away from Nasik; the river
flows eastward to the bay of Bengal.
60. Govardhana ...Mount Govardhana eighteen miles from
Bṛndāvana in the district of Mathura.
61. Gauḍa ... ...According to Rājaśekhara, the Gauḍas are
a people inhabiting the whole tract of
country lying between Benares and the
bay of Bengal. According to him the
word Gauḍa is not the name of any par-
ticular country. He describes the costume
of the Gauḍa ladies and mentions the
fondness of the Gauḍas for the Sanskrit
language. Mr. N. L. Dey, however,
thinks that the whole of Bengal is known
as the Gauḍa country with its capital at
Gauḍ, the ruins of which have been dis-
covered near Malda in Bengal at a distance
of about ten miles. He also thinks that
the kings of the Pāla and Sena dynasties
made this city of Gauḍ their capital on
several occasions. This city was also known
as Lakṣmaṇāvatī or Lakhnauti after the
name of King Lakṣmaṇasena of the Sena
dynasty of Bengal.
62. Cakora ... ...A mountain in the eastern India according
to the Kāvyamīmāṁsā. It may be identi-
fied as Caraṇādri or Cunar, the hill-fort in
the district of Mirzapur, which was built
by the Pāla Kings.
63. Cakravartikṣetra Rājaśekhara designates the whole country
of India from Cape Comorin in the south
to the Bindusaras in the Himālayas in the
north, as the Cakravartikṣetra. This land
consists of 1000 Yojanas. One who con-
quers and rules over the whole of this land
is called a Cakravartin. This seems to be
the same as the Kumārīdvīpa, one of the

APPENDIX I. 291
nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa. The
Purāṇas as well as Rājaśekhara use the
word Bhāratavarṣa in a wider sense, so as
to include Greater India, that is to say,
India proper along with her eight colonies,
Indradvīpa, etc. These colonies are bounded
by the southern sea or the Indian ocean
and the Himālayan range and are separated
from one another by oceans.
64. Candanagiri ... Malayagiri or the southern portion of the
western Ghats. Rājaśekhara mentions that
Rāmasetu was built in continuation of the
Candanagiri. (see Bālarāmāyaṇa, VII. 45.)
65. Candrabhāgā... The river Chenab, a tributary of the river
Indus. Rājaśekhara places this river in
the Uttarāpatha.
66. Candrācala ... A peak of the Himālayas wherefrom the
river Candrabhāgā rises. This is also
called Candrabhāgā in the Purāṇas. The
Candragiri, the sacred place to the Jains
which is situated near Seringapatam is
apparently different from this, since Rāja-
śekhara locates this mountain in the nor-
thern India.
67. Coḍa ... ... Rājaśekhara's Coḍa country is represented
by the districts of Tanjore and south Arcot
in the Madras Presidency, because the other
parts of the Cola country are given different
names, such as, Kāñchī and Kāvera.
68. Jambūdvīpa ... One of the seven Dvīpas of the world,
situated in the middle, with three Dvīpas
on both sides. The mountain Mahā-
meru is situated in the middle of the Jam-
būdvīpa and this Dvīpa may be identified
with the Asia of the present day. Jambū-
dvīpa, according to the Purāṇas and in the
opinion of Rājaśekhara, consists of seven

292 APPENDIX I.
Varṣas or parts and seven mountains. The
Bhāratavarṣa is the southern-most Varṣa
or country in the Jambūdvīpa and includes
within its boundary the mighty Himālayas.
For other Dvīpas, Varṣas and mountains,
see pp. 90-92 of the text.
69. Jānhavī ... ...The river Ganges.
70. Ṭakka ... ...The country lying between the two rivers,
the Vipāśā and the Sindhu. It was the co-
untry of Vāhīkas or Ṭakkas. Śākala was
the capital of the Ṭakkadeśa which included
the Madra and Āraṭṭa countries. The
Rājataraṅgiṇī locates this country on the
banks of the Chenab or Candrabhāgā.
According to Rājaśekhara the people of
this country used to talk in a language
which had an admixture of Apabhraṁśa.
71. Taṅgaṇa... ...According to Rājaśekhara, this is a country
in the Uttarāpatha. Mr. N. L. Dey
identifies this as the land extending from
the Rāṁgaṅgā river to the upper Sarayu.
72. Tāpī ... ...The river Tapatī or Taptī. It rises from
the Vindhyas and falls into the Arabian
sea near Surat.
73. Tāmraparṇa ...One of the nine parts of the Bhāratavarṣa.
It is identified with Ceylon.
74. Tāmraparṇī ...The river Tāmraparṇī which rises from the
Agastikūṭa on the Malaya hills and flows
through the district of Tinnevelly in the
Madras Presidency.
75. Tāmraliptaka...Tamluk, situated on the western bank of
the Rūpnārāyaṇa in the district of Mid-
napur in Bengal.
76. Tuṅgabhadrā ...A tributary of the Kṛṣṇā river. Kiṣ-
kindhā is said to be situated on the banks
of this river.