काव्यालङ्कार (आचार्य भामह - भारतीय काव्यशास्त्र एवं अलङ्कार-सिद्धान्त मूल महाग्रन्थ सटीक)

140 BHĀMAHĀLAṄKĀRA
Upamā or simile, or हेतुनिर्देश or an assignment of rea-
son. The singular in निर्देशात् may be justified as a समा-
हारद्वन्द्व. - Or dissolve it as सहोत्युपमाहेतूनां निर्देशः तस्मात्. These
three types of Śliṣṭa are illustrated in the three
succeeding verses. The 2nd half of the verse cited
by Pratīhārendurāja in the commentary on उद्भटालंकार-
सारसंग्रह.
छायावन्तो गतव्यालाः स्वारोहाः फलदायिनः ।
मार्गद्रुमा महान्तश्च परेषामेव भूतये ॥ १८ ॥
18. Yielding shade (possessed of splendour),
free from snakes (dissociated from rogues), easy to
climb (approach) and yielding fruits (benefits),
wayside trees and great men contribute only to the
happiness of others.
18. This illustrates Śliṣṭa involving सहोक्ति or
cumulation towards a common predicate. Wayside
trees and great men contribute to the good of others.
Both the Upamāna and the Upameya are qualified
by four adjectives having double meanings. (1) छाया-
वन्तः Trees yield an abundance of shade ; great men
are imbued with great lustre. (2) गतव्यालाः Trees are
free from snakes ; for it is only such trees that will
be beneficial to the public ; great men are free from
the contact of rogues. Amara :—शठे व्यालः पुंसि श्वापद-
-सर्पयोः. (3) स्वारोहाः Trees are easy to climb ; great men
are easy of approach. (4) फलदायिनः Trees yield fruits