कामिक आगम: पूर्व भाग (अष्टाविंशति मूल शैव आगमों का प्रथम एवं सर्वोच्च आगम महाकोश)

mūlālaya viśāle tu tridhā bhakte padaṁ bhavet|
tena bhāgena tadbāhye dviguṇaṁ triguṇaṁ tu vā|| 3
tricaturguṇkaṁ cāpi catuṣpañcaguṇaṁ tu vā|
pañcaṣaḍguṇamiṣṭaṁ ca prākāradvaya kalpanam|| 4
evaṁ caturvidhaṁ proktaṁ triprākārastu kathyate|
If the width of the main temple is divided into three equal parts, one part is considered to be
one grid(pada). Keeping the pada as the basic unit, the interspcae of the first enclosure should be
held to be 2 padas and the that of the second enclosure to be 3 padas from the first enclosure.
In an increasing pattern, interspace of the first enclosure 3 padas and that of the second enclosure
4 padas. Interspace of the first enclosure 4 padas and that of the second enclosure 5 padas. The
interspace of the first enclosure 5 padas and that of the second enclosure 6 padas. In this way,
two enclosures may be formed with four different sets of interspace. Next, the designing of the
three enclosure is explained.
प्रासादस्य चतुर्भागे यस्तु दण्डमिहोच्यते॥ ५
तस्य द्वित्रिचतुर्भागैः त्रिचतुष्पञ्चभिस्तथा।
चतुष्पञ्च षडंशैस्तु पञ्चषट्सप्तभिस्तथा॥ ६
षट्सप्ताष्टभिरुद्दिष्टं त्रिप्राकार प्रमाणकम्।
पञ्चधा कथितं वेद प्राकारं शृणुत द्विजाः॥ ७
prāsādasya caturbhāge yastu daṇḍamihocyate|| 5
tasya dvitricaturbhāgaiḥ tricatuṣpañcabhistathā|
catuṣpañca ṣaḍaṁśaistu pañcaṣaṭsaptabhistathā|| 6
ṣaṭsaptāṣṭabhiruddiṣṭaṁ triprākāra pramāṇakam|
pañcadhā kathitaṁ veda prākāraṁ śṛṇuta dvijāḥ|| 7
If the width of the temple is divided into 4 equal parts, one part is considered to be one pole
(danda). The interspace of the first, the second and the third enclosure may be 2, 3 and 4 poles
respectively; or, 3,4 and 5 poles; or, 4, 5 and 6 poles; or 5, 6 and 7 poles; or 6, 7 and 8 poles.
In this way, three enclosures are formed with 5 different sets of interspace. O, the twice-born
Sages!, now listen to the designing of four enclosures.

त्रिप्राकारस्य बाह्ये तु एकैकाङ्गुल वर्धनात्।
नवभागावसानं तु समन्तात्परिवर्धयेत्॥ ८
एवं पञ्चविधं प्रोक्तं चतुष्प्राकार मानकम्।
एवं चतुष्प्राकारोऽपि प्रासादस्य विशालकम्॥ ९
समस्तं चार्धमानं च त्रिचतुर्भाग मानकम्।
दण्डार्धं योजयेद्धीमान् हस्तमानेन चोच्यते॥ १०
triprākārasya bāhye tu ekaikāṅgula vardhanāt|
navabhāgāvasānaṁ tu samantātparivardhayet|| 8
evaṁ pañcavidhaṁ proktaṁ catuṣprākāra mānakam|
evaṁ catuṣprākāro'pi prāsādasya viśālakam|| 9
samastaṁ cārdhamānaṁ ca tricaturbhāga mānakam|
daṇḍārdhaṁ yojayeddhīmān hastamānena cocyate|| 10
On adding one pole to each set of the three interspaces mentioned for the three enclosures to
reach the maximum of 9 poles, five different sets of interspace for the four enclosures are
obtained. 2, 3, 4 and 5 poles; 3, 4, 5 and 6 poles; 4, 5, 6 and 7 poles; 5, 6, 7 and 8 poles; 6, 7, 8
and 9 poles. In this way, the proportionate measures of the four enclosures are obtained in 5
different ways. All of these four enclosures are based on the width of the main temple. All such
enclosures may be with an interspace arrived in terms of half part, three parts, four parts or half
of a pole. The interspace is to be determined in this way by the experts. Now, the interspace of
the enclosures based on the hasta-unit is explained.
द्विहस्तादेकवृद्ध्या तु नवहस्तावसानकम्।
एक प्राकारमानं तु क्षुद्राणां अष्टधा मतम्॥ ११
dvihastādekavṛddhyā tu navahastāvasānakam|
eka prākāramānaṁ tu kṣudrāṇāṁ aṣṭadhā matam|| 11
Starting from 2 hastas and increasing by one hasta each time so as to reach up to 9 hastas,
eight different interspaces are obtained for a single enclosure applicable to a small temple.

द्विहस्तं च त्रिहस्तं च त्रिचतुर्हस्तमेव वा।
चतुष्पञ्चकरं चैव पञ्चषट्करमेव च॥ १२
षट्सप्ताष्टकरं चैव अष्टनन्दं तथैव च।
नन्द दीर्घाष्टकं चैव द्विप्राकार प्रमाणकम्॥ १३
अस्मादेक करर्द्ध्या तु रुद्र हस्तान्तमेव च।
त्रिप्राकार प्रमाणं तु वेद प्राकारकं तथा॥ १४
एकैक हस्त वृद्ध्य तु रविहस्तावसानकम्।
चतुष्प्राकार मानं तु क्षुद्रादीनां प्रकीर्तितम्॥ १५
dvihastaṁ ca trihastaṁ ca tricaturhastameva vā|
catuṣpañcakaraṁ caiva pañcaṣaṭkarameva ca|| 12
ṣaṭsaptāṣṭakaraṁ caiva aṣṭanandaṁ tathaiva ca|
nanda dīrghāṣṭakaṁ caiva dviprākāra pramāṇakam|| 13
asmādeka kararddhyā tu rudra hastāntameva ca|
triprākāra pramāṇaṁ tu veda prākārakaṁ tathā | | 14
ekaika hasta vṛddhya tu ravihastāvasānakam|
catuṣprākāra mānaṁ tu kṣudrādīnāṁ prakīrtitam|| 15
2 hastas, 3 hastas; 3 hastas, 4 hastas; 4 hastas, 5 hastas; 5 hastas, 6 hastas; 6 hastas, 7 hastas;
7 hastas, 8 hastas; 8 hastas, 9 hastas; 9 hastas, 10 hastas – these are the interspaces for the second
enclosure, obtained in 8 sets. 2, 3 and 4 hastas; 3, 4 and 5 hastas; 4, 5 and 6 hastas; 5, 6 and 7
hastas; 6, 7 and 8 hastas; 7, 8 and 9 hastas; 8, 9 and 10 hastas; 9, 10 and 11 hastas – in this way
eight different sets of interspaces are obtained for the three enclosures. Similarly, eight different
sets of interspaces are obtained for the four enclosures. 2, 3, 4 and 5 hastas; 3, 4, 5 and 6 hastas;
4, 5, 6 and 7 hastas; 5, 6, 7 and 8 hastas; 6, 7, 8 and 9 hastas; 7, 8, 9 and 10 hastas; 8, 9, 10 and
11 hastas; 9, 10, 11 and 12 hastas – these are the 8 sets of interspaces obtained for the four
enclosures.
जातिच्छन्द विकल्पाभासादीनां तु समीरितम्।
नियमो विद्यते नैव प्रासादं सार्वदेशिके॥ १६

जातौ जातिकराणां तु अन्यस्यापि च सद्मनः।
अर्धत्र्यंश चतुर्भागैः द्विभागैश्च क्रमेण तु॥ १७
सममार्गानुमार्गाभ्यां नागरादौ नियुज्यते।
प्रासादस्य विशालेन सपादेन समेन च॥ १८
पादोनेन विशालेन महामार्गार्हकं तु वा।
कल्पयेद्धस्तमानेऽपि प्रागुक्त विधिना सह॥ १९
jāticchanda vikalpābhāsādīnāṁ tu samīritam|
niyamo vidyate naiva prāsādaṁ sārvadeśike|| 16
jātau jātikaraṇāṁ tu anyasyāpi ca sadmanaḥ|
ardhatryaṁśa caturbhāgaiḥ dvibhāgaiśca krameṇa tu|| 17
samamārgānumārgābhyāṁ nāgarādau niyujyate|
prāsādasya viśālena sapādena samena ca|| 18
pādonena viśālena mahāmārgārhakaṁ tu vā|
kalpayeddhastamāne'pi prāgukta vidhinā saha|| 19
This scheme of proportionate measures is applicable to the jati, chanda, vikalpa and abhasa
categories of temples. But this orderly scheme need not be observed for the sarvadesika category
of the temple. For the jati category, the hasta-unit belonging to the jati type should be taken.
Similarly for the temples of all other categories, the applicable hasta-unit should be used. Half
part, one out of three parts, one out of four parts, 2 parts – in this way, the interspace of the four
enclosures could be obtained for the sama marga and anu marga temples belonging to the nagara
and other kinds. For the maha marga temple belonging to the nagara and other kinds, the width
of the temple, one and one fourh of this width or three fourth of this width may be taken as
the basic for arriving at the sets of interspace of the enclosures. Or, the enclosures for these
temples may be designed based on the hasta-unit as explained before.
अयं विभागो नास्त्येव प्रासादे सार्वदेशिके।
पञ्चषण्मुनिसालेऽपि चाष्टनन्द वृत्तौ तथा॥ २०
हस्तैः पादैः समन्तात्तु वर्धयेत्पूर्व मानतः।

ayaṁ vibhāgo nāstyeva prāsāde sārvadeśike।
pañcaṣaṇmunisāle'pi cāṣṭananda vṛtau tathā॥ 20
hastaiḥ pādaiḥ samantāttu vardhayetpūrva mānataḥ।
This scheme of proportioning is not applicable to the temples belonging to the sarvadesika type.
Even for the five, six, seven, eight and nine enclosures, the interspace of each enclosure may be
obtained by hasta and pada units and by adding one unit to the previous set of unit.
समं तु चतुरश्रं तत्पूर्वं कृत्वा ततः परम्॥ २१
कल्पयेत्तु मुखायामं देवस्याभिमुखं यथा।
पृष्ठे वा कल्पयेत्पार्श्वे पुरातन विमानके॥ २२
नूतने वा प्रकर्तव्यं स्थानसंकट संयुते।
samaṁ tu caturaśraṁ tatpūrvaṁ kṛtvā tataḥ param॥ 21
kalpayettu mukhāyāmaṁ devasyābhimukhaṁ yathā।
pṛṣṭhe vā kalpayetpārśve purātana vimānake॥ 22
nūtane vā prakartavyaṁ sthānasaṁkaṭa saṁyute।
First, the enclosure should be designed to be with equal sides so as to be in the form of square.
Then, the rectangular enclosure should be designed so as to be in front of the main shrine. In
the case of old temple, such rectangular exitension may be in the back side or in the left or
right side of the temple. Rectangular enclosure should be provided even for the newly built
temple if it is associated with multiple sub-shrines.
एकहस्तं समारभ्य हस्तैकैक विवृद्धितः॥ २३
एकादश करान्तं तु प्रागुक्तात्तु विशालकम्।
वर्धयेद्वासयेत्वापि यावदिष्टप्रपूरणम्॥ २४
पृष्ठे वापि मुखे वापि पार्श्वयोरुभयोस्तु वा।
एकपार्श्वेऽथवा कुर्यान् मुखायामे प्रकल्पयेत्॥ २५

ekahastaṁ samārabhya hastaikaika vivṛddhitaḥ|| 23
ekādaśa karāntaṁ tu prāguktāttu viśālakam|
vardhayeddhrāsayetvāpi yāvadiṣṭaprapūraṇam|| 24
pṛṣṭhe vāpi mukhe vāpi pārśvayorubhayostu vā|
ekapārśve'thavā kuryān mukhāyāme prakalpayet|| 25
Based on the width of the temple as said before, the interspace should be from one hasta to
eleven hastas, increasing the unit by one hasta each time. This measure may be increasd or
decreased proportinately until the desired interspace is fully arrived. Either in the back side,
front side or on the two sides or on any one side, the rectangular projection of the enclosure
may be designed.
पादाधिकं अथाध्यर्धं पादोनद्विगुणं तु वा।
द्विगुणं द्विगुणार्धं वा त्रिगुणं च चतुर्गुणं॥ २६
द्विहस्तं तु समारभ्य द्विद्विहस्त विवर्धनात्।
यावत्पञ्चगुणं तारं मुखायामं प्रकल्पयेत्॥ २७
pādādhikaṁ athādhyardhaṁ pādonadviguṇaṁ tu vā|
dviguṇaṁ dviguṇārdhaṁ vā triguṇaṁ ca caturguṇam|| 26
dvihastaṁ tu samārabhya dvidvihasta vivardhanāt|
yāvatpañcaguṇaṁ tāraṁ mukhāyāme prakalpayet|| 27
Above one fourth, one and a half, one and three fourth, two times, two and a half times, three
times and four times the chosen basic unit may be taken for deciding the length of the
enclosure. The length of the rectangular enclosure may be extended from 2 hastas to 10 hastas,
increasing the unit by 2 hastas each time.
भित्त्यन्तराल मानं वा भित्तिबाह्यं अथापि वा।
भित्तिमध्यं तु वा कुर्यात् प्राकाराणां प्रमाणकम्॥ २८

bhittyantarāla mānaṁ vā bhittibāhyaṁ athāpi vā।
bhittimadhyaṁ tu vā kuryāt prākārāṇāṁ pramāṇakam॥ 28
The interspace of the enclosures may be measured between the interior face of the enclosing
walls, exterior face of the enclosing walls or between the central line of the enclosing walls.
आयादिषट्क सिद्ध्यर्थं वृद्धिं हानिं च हस्तकैः।
कल्पयेत्पादमार्गेण प्राकारस्य प्रकल्पने॥ २९
सच्छिन्नहस्तप्रासादे छिन्नहस्तस्य लोपनम्।
पूरणं वा प्रकर्तव्यं हस्तमानवशेऽपि च॥ ३०
देवानां एतदुक्तं तु नराणां स्यात्खलूरिका।
तदुक्तमात्रं संग्राह्य मात्रोक्तं तत्र योजयेत्॥ ३१
āyādiṣaṭka siddhyarthaṁ vṛddhiṁ hāniṁ ca hastakaiḥ।
kalpayetpādamārgeṇa prākārasya prakalpane॥ 29
sacchinnahastaprāsāde chinnahastasya lopanam।
pūraṇaṁ vā prakartavyaṁ hastamānavaśe'pi ca॥ 30
devānāṁ etaduktaṁ tu narāṇāṁ syātkhalūrikā।
taduktamātraṁ saṁgrāhya mātroktaṁ tatra yojayet॥ 31
In order to make sure of the auspiciousness of aya and other factors, either increase or reduction
may be done in terms of hasta-units. Or, in the case of designing the enclosures, such increase
or reduction may be done in terms of pada(division of the width). In a temple where the
fractions of hasta-unit have been applied, reduction may be in terms of same fractions of the
hasta, taken previously. Or, in view of the hasta-based adjustments, the fractions of hasta should
be set right so as to have undivided hasta. Such prescriptions are applicable to the edifices
meant for the Deities. In the case of enclosure-buiding around the house meant for the humans,
the sthapti should adopt the unit-measure applied to that previously and work on the reduction
or increase, aplying the same unit-measure.
आयं वसुगुणं कृत्वा सप्तविंशतिभिर्हरेत्।
शेषं ऋक्षं तु विस्तारात् सकलाद्धाथ कल्पयेत्॥ ३२

उक्तादेकमथवाष्ट गुणितं भानुभिर्भजेत्।
आयं त्रिगुणितं दिग्भिर्मनुभिर्विभजेत् ततः॥ ३३
व्ययस्तु कथितश्शास्त्रैः द्विगुणं वसुभिहरेत्।
ध्वजादि योनयः प्रोक्ताः पर्यन्त त्रिंशतो भजेत्॥ ३४
तिथिश्च कथिता वारो मुनिभिर्भाजितो भवेत्।
मूलप्रासाद हस्तैर्वा चान्यैर्वाथ निरीक्षयेत्॥ ३५
āyaṁ vasuguṇaṁ kṛtvā saptaviṁśatibhirharet|
śeṣaṁ ṛkṣaṁ tu vistārāt sakalādvātha kalpayet|| 32
uktādekamathavāṣṭa guṇitaṁ bhānubhirbhajet|
āyaṁ triguṇitaṁ digbhirmanubhirvibhajet tataḥ|| 33
vyayastu kathitaśśāstraiḥ dviguṇaṁ vasubhirharet|
dhvajādi yonayaḥ proktāḥ paryanta triṁśato bhajet|| 34
tithiśca kathitā vāro munibhirbhājito bhavet|
mūlaprāsāda hastairvā cānyairvātha nirīkṣayet|| 35
If the length is multiplied by 8 and divided by 27, the remainder denotes the star-factor. Taking
the breadth or the length for calculation, if any one of these is multiplied by 8 and divided by
12, the remainder denotes the aya factor. If it is multiplied by 3 and divided by 8 or 14, the
reaminder denotes the vyaya factor. In some scriptures it has been said that if the length or the
width is multiplied by 2 and divided by 8, the remainder denotes the vyaya factor. If the
perimeter is divided by 30, the remainder gives the tithi factor. If the perimeter is divided
by 7, the remainder gives the vara factor. Such factors should be specifically analysed based on
the hasta-unit applied to the main temple or generally based on any other hasta-unit.
एकहस्तं समारभ्य चैकाङ्गुल विवर्धनात्।
द्विहस्तान्तस्समुद्दिष्टस् सालानां चैव विस्तरः॥ ३६
तद्विस्तार प्रमाणेन यावत्त्रिंशद्गुणं भवेत्।
त्रिगुणं तु समारभ्य क्षुद्रे महति मन्दिरे॥ ३७
प्राकारोत्सेध उद्दिष्टो मूलादूनं तदग्रतः।

षडंशं तु समारभ्य यावत् षोडश भागिकम्॥ ३८
तावत्कृत्वा समूलं तु चैकांशेन तदग्रकम्।
ekahastaṁ samārabhya caikāṅgula vivardhanāt|
dvihastāntassamuddiṣṭas sālānāṁ caiva vistaraḥ|| 36
tadvistāra pramāṇena yāvattriṁśadguṇaṁ bhavet|
triguṇaṁ tu samārabhya kṣudre mahati mandire|| 37
prākārotsedha uddiṣṭo mūlādūnaṁ tadagrataḥ|
ṣaḍaṁśaṁ tu samārabhya yāvat ṣoḍaśa bhāgikam|| 38
tāvatkṛtvā samūlaṁ tu caikāṁśena tadagrakam|
The width of the enclosure-wall should be from one hasta to 2 hastas, increasing the measure
by one digit(angula) each time. The height of the enclosure-wall should be from 3 hastas to
30 hastas for the small temple to the temple of larger type. The width at the top of the wall
should be less than the width at its base. The width of the base should be divided into 6 equal
parts to 16 equal parts. Then the width of the wall should be reduced by one part gradually up to
the top.
अधिष्ठानादि वर्गाढ्यं खण्डहर्म्यादि मण्डितम्॥ ३९
ऋजुभक्तियुतं वापि प्राकारं तु प्रकल्पयेत्।
छत्रादि शिखरोपेतं ऊर्ध्वस्थ वृषभान्वितम्॥ ४०
adhiṣṭhānādi vargāḍhyaṁ khaṇḍaharmyādi maṇḍitam|| 39
ṛjubhaktiyutaṁ vāpi prākāraṁ tu prakalpayet|
chatrādi śikharopetaṁ ūrdhvastha vṛṣabhānvitam|| 40
The enclosure-wall should be provided with the base and other kinds of elevation and
embellished with sectional towers and such other structures. The wall, on its outer face may
be bare or it may have flanking structures on its inner face.
तस्य दण्डप्रमाणेन सार्धेनाथ त्रिपादतः।
सपादेनाथ सार्धेन पादोन द्विगुणेन वा॥ ४१

द्विगुणेन च मूले तु भित्तिश्चैव विनिर्गमः।
उपानं कथितं तस्योपरिष्टात्तेन मानतः॥ ४२
अर्धादि पादवृद्ध्यादि द्विगुणान्तं हि पादकम्।
तस्योपरिष्टात्कम्पं तु तच्चतुर्थांश मानतः॥ ४३
तस्यार्धेन त्रिपादेन सपादेन च सार्धतः।
पादोन द्विगुणं वापि द्विगुणान्तं प्रकल्पयेत्॥ ४४
कम्पमेकं द्वयं वापि ऊर्ध्वोपानं तु वा भवेत्।
tasya daṇḍapramāṇena cārdhenātha tripādataḥ|
sapādenātha sārdhena pādona dviguṇena vā|| 41
dviguṇena ca mūle tu bhittiścaiva vinirgamaḥ|
upānaṁ kathitaṁ tasyopariṣṭāttena mānataḥ|| 42
ardhādi pādavṛddhyādi dviguṇāntaṁ hi pādakam|
tasyopariṣṭātkampaṁ tu taccaturthāṁśa mānataḥ|| 43
tasyārdhena tripādena sapādena ca sārdhataḥ|
pādona dviguṇaṁ vāpi dviguṇāntaṁ prakalpayet|| 44
kampamekaṁ dvayaṁ vāpi ūrdhvopānaṁ tu vā bhavet|
Based on the module(danda) derived for the designing of the enclosure, the projecting element
of the enclosure-wall may be half(of the module), three fourth, one and one fourth, one and
a half, one and three fourth or two modules. Above this, there should be plinth whose measure
should be based on the same reference unit. The height of the pillars may be from half a module
to two modules, increasing the height by one fourth of a unit. Above this, there should be fillet
measuring 4 parts of the module. The fillet may be with a height of one half, three fourths, one
and one fourth, one and a half, one and three fourth or two modules. There may be one fillet
or two fillets or one fillet and an upper plinth.
अन्तस्सालाङ्गणं निम्नं बाह्य सालाङ्गणं भवेत्॥ ४५
सालानां अन्तरे व्यासं बाह्ये सालाङ्गणं भवेत्।
अङ्गुलद्वयमारभ्य चैकाङ्गुल वर्धनात्॥ ४६

नवमात्रान्तकं यावत् प्रतिसालं तु निम्नकम्।
षट्पञ्चवेदरुद्राक्षद्व्यङ्गुलैः परिकल्पयेत्॥ ४७
antassālāṅkaṇaṁ nimnaṁ bāhya sālāṅkaṇaṁ bhavet|| 45
sālānāṁ antare vyāsaṁ bāhye sālāṅkaṇaṁ bhavet|
aṅguladvayamārabhya caikāṅgula vardhanāt|| 46
navamātrāntakaṁ yāvat pratisālaṁ tu nimnakam|
ṣaṭpañcavedarudrākṣadvyaṅgulaiḥ parikalpayet|| 47
The outer courtyard should be lower than the inner courtyard. Each enclosure should be
lower than the previous one by 2 digits to 9 digits, increasing the unit by one digit each time.
Starting from the inner courtyard, each courtyard should be lower than the previous one by6, 5,
4, 3 and 2 digits.
जातिच्छन्द विकल्पाभासानां क्षुद्रस्य चैव हि।
सार्वदेशिक हर्म्ये तु न चायं विधिरिष्यते॥ ४८
स्वयंभुवादि लिङ्गानां अन्तर्निम्न समं तु वा।
बाह्यनिम्नं तु वा कार्यं सालानां अङ्गणं बुधैः॥ ४९
jāticchanda vikalpābhāsānāṁ kṣudrasya caiva hi|
sārvadeśika harmye tu na cāyaṁ vidhiriṣyate|| 48
svāyaṁbhuvādi liṅgānāṁ antarnimna samaṁ tu vā|
bāhyanimnaṁ tu vā kāryaṁ sālānāṁ aṅkaṇaṁ budhaiḥ|| 49
For the lower type of temples belonging to the jati, chanda, vikalpa and abhasa categories, the
same system should be followed. But, such system need not be followed for temples belonging
to the sarvadesika cetegory. For the temples built for the self-manifest linga and such other
types of linga, the levels of the inner courtyards may be lowered or those of the outer courtyards
may be lowered or all the courtyards may be kept at equal level, by the knowledgeable sthapatis.

शालानामान्तरेऽपि स्यान् मालिका मण्डपाकृतिः।
सभाकृतिर्वा कर्तव्या चैकद्वित्रिक भित्तिभिः॥ ५०
चतुर्भित्तियुता वापि एकानेक तलान्विता।
sālānāmantare'pi syān mālikā maṇḍapākṛtiḥ|
sabhākṛtirvā kartavyā caikadvitrika bhittibhiḥ|| 50
caturbhittiyutā vāpi ekāneka talānvitā|
There should be gallery(malika) within the coutyards. The structures which constitute such
gallery may be in the shape of pavilion or square hall. They may be with one, two , three
or four walls and they may be designed so as to be with single storey or mutiple storeys.
उपानात्तु समारभ्य मूलप्रासाद तुङ्गकम्॥ ५१
उत्तरान्तं विभज्याथ सप्तधा तु मसूरकम्।
द्विपादं पाददैर्घ्यं तु शेषेण परिकल्पयेत्॥ ५२
upānāttu samārabhya mūlaprāsāda tuṅgakam|| 51
uttarāntaṁ vibhajyātha saptadhā tu masūrakam|
dvipādaṁ pādadairghyaṁ tu śeṣeṇa parikalpayet|| 52
The height of the main shrine between its plinth and the upper fillet should be divided into
7 equal parts. Out of these, 2 parts are for the base and 5 parts are for the pilasters. The sthapti
should design the walls of the inner structures(sabha and others).
मूलधाम्नस्तु पादं तु भजेद्वा नवसंख्यया।
अधिष्ठान द्विभागेन पादं शेषेण कल्पयेत्॥ ५३
द्विहस्तम् तु समारभ्य चैकाङ्गुल विवर्धनात्।
सप्तहस्तान्त उत्सेधस्स्तम्भानां परिकीर्तितः॥ ५४
भित्तिमानं तथैव स्यात् क्षुद्रे क्षुद्र विमानके।

mūladhāmnastu pādaṁ tu bhajedvā navasaṁkhyayā|
adhiṣṭhāna dvibhāgena pādaṁ śeṣeṇa kalpayet|| 53
dvihastam tu samārabhya caikāṅgula vivardhanāt|
saptahastānta utsedhasstambhānāṁ parikīrtitaḥ|| 54
bhittimānaṁ tathaiva syāt kṣudre kṣudra vimānake|
The height of the pillar of the main shrine should be divided into 9 equal parts. Out of these,
the base should be with a height of 2 parts and the pilasters should be with a height of 7 parts.
The height of the pilasters should be from 2 hastas to 7 hastas, increasing the height by one
digit each time.For temples of lower type, the inner structures also should be comapratively
small. The proportonate measures of the walls of such smaller structures should be decided
in the same way.
पक्षाङ्गुलं समारभ्य चार्धाङ्गुल विवर्धनात्॥ ५५
चतुर्विंशति मात्रान्तं स्तम्भविस्तार इष्यते।
पादोच्चार्धं अधिष्ठान सप्तमाष्ट नवांशकम्॥ ५६
हीनं वाप्यधिकं वापि पादोच्चेऽप्येवमेव हि।
पादोच्चे त्रिचतुर्भागेनाथवापि मसूरकम्॥ ५७
पादबन्धं सजातीयं अधिष्ठानं नियोजयेत्।
प्रस्तरादि प्रमाणं च प्रासादोक्तवदाचरेत्॥ ५८
pakṣāṅgulaṁ samārabhya cārdhāṅgula vivardhanāt|| 55
caturviṁśati mātrāntaṁ stambhavistāra iṣyate|
pādoccārdhaṁ adhiṣṭhāna saptamāṣṭa navāṁśakam|| 56
hīnaṁ vāpyadhikaṁ vāpi pādocce'pyevameva hi|
pādocce tricaturbhāgenāthavāpi masūrakam|| 57
pādabandhaṁ sajātīyaṁ adhiṣṭhānaṁ niyojayet|
prastarādi pramāṇaṁ ca prāsādoktavadācaret|| 58
The width of the pillars should be from 15 digits to 24 digits, increasing the measure by half
a digit each time. The height of the base should be half the height of the pilaster; or it may be

less than or higher than 7, 8 or 9 divisions of this height. Or, the height of the base may be
equal to the height of the pilaster. The base may be with a height of 3 or 4 parts of the height
of the pilaster. The upper moulding of the base(pada bandha) should be in the same style as
that of the base. The proportionate measures of the entablature and other elements should
be decided as prescribed for the temple.
आग्नेये नैर्ऋते कोणे वायव्ये चाथ वैशके।
चतुष्कोणेऽपि वा कुर्याद् गर्भं च प्रथमेष्टकाम्॥ ५९
अभ्यन्तरमुखाश्चैव प्राकाराः परिकीर्तिताः।
स्वस्य दक्षिणकेऽम्शे तु द्वारकोणान्तरेऽपि वा॥ ६०
गृहक्षते महेन्द्रे वा भल्लाटे पुष्पदन्तके।
स्थानं गर्भस्य निर्दिष्टं तत्रस्था प्रथमेष्टका॥ ६१
मूर्धेष्टकोर्ध्वं कीलाढ्यं मूलात्तत्परिकल्पयेत्।
भित्त्यूर्ध्वस्थ चतुष्कोणेष्वेकस्मिन्निष्टकां न्यसेत्॥ ६२
āgneye nairṛte koṇe vāyavye cātha vaiśake|
catuṣkoṇe'pi vā kuryād garbhaṁ ca prathameṣṭakām|| 59
abhyantaramukhāścaiva prākārāḥ parikīrtitāḥ|
svasya dakṣiṇake'mśe tu dvārakoṇāntare'pi vā|| 60
gṛhakṣate mahendre vā bhallāṭe puṣpadantake|
sthānaṁ garbhasya nirdiṣṭaṁ tatrasthā prathameṣṭakā|| 61
mūrdheṣṭakordhva kīlāḍhyaṁ mūlāttatparikalpayet|
bhittyūrdhvastha catuṣkoṇeṣvekasminniṣṭakāṁ nyaset|| 62
For the inner structures(sabha and others), the rituals known as the ‘foundation deposit’
and ‘the laying of the first bricks’ should be performed in the south-east, south-west,
north-west or north-east. All the four corners are suitable for these. All the enclosures are
considered to be facing the main shrine. The foundation deposit and the laying of the first bricks
may be performed in the south side of the enclosure or in the corner side of the doorway. Or,
they may be performed in the grids of Gruhakshata, Mahendra, Bhallata or Pushpadanta.
Similarly, the ritual known as ‘the laying of the crowning bricks’(murdheshtaka), ‘installation

of the top nail'(urdhva kila) and such other activities should be done according to the
directions set forth for the main temple. In any one of the four corners on the top of the
enclosing wall, the crowning bricks should be placed.
अन्तर्मण्डलमाद्यं स्यादन्तर्हारा द्वितीयका।
तृतीया मध्यहारा स्यान् मर्यादाख्या चतुर्थका॥ ६३
महामर्यादिकाख्या च पञ्चमी परिकीर्तिता।
परिवारामरान् सर्वांस्तत्र संस्थापयेद्गुरुः॥ ६४
antarmaṇḍalamādyam syādantarhārā dvitīyakā|
tṛtīyā madyahārā syān maryādākhyā caturthakā|| 63
mahāmaryādikākhyā ca pañcamī parikīrtitā|
parivārāmarān sarvāṁstatra saṁsthāpayedguruḥ|| 64
Starting from the center, the first enclosure is called antar mandala. The second enclosure
is known as antarhara. The third one is madhyahara. The fourth one is maryada. The fifth
enclosure is known as maha maryada. All the five enclosures are called in this way. The
Acharya should install all the retinue Deities in these enclosures.
परिवार विधानाय तच्च लेशान् निगत्यते।
परिवार विमानां मानं गर्भार्धमेव वा॥ ६५
मूलवास्तु त्रिभागैकमर्धं वा पादबाह्यकम्।
एकहस्तं समारभ्य रुद्रहस्तान्तमेव हि॥ ६६
प्रासादस्य तु विस्तारो हृत्सेधः प्राग्वदेव हि।
अङ्गलिङ्गालयाकाराः परिवारालया मताः॥ ६७
parivāra vidhānāya tacca leśān nigatyate|
parivāra vimānāṁ mānaṁ garbhārdhameva vā|| 65
mūlavāstu tribhāgaikamardhaṁ vā pādabāhyakam|
ekahastaṁ samārabhya rudrahastāntameva hi|| 66

prāsādasya tu vistāro hutsedhaḥ prāgvadeva hi|
aṅgaliṅgālayākārāḥ parivārālayā matāḥ|| 67
Some details are now told briefly with regard to the installation of the retinue Deities. The
measures applicable to the shrine of the retinue Deity may be half the measures of the main
shrine. One part out of three parts of the width of the main shrine, half of that width, above
one fourth of that width may be the width of the retinue shrine. Or, the width may be from
one hasta to 11 hastas. The height of the retinue shrine should be held as said before. The
retinue shrines should be in the form of the shrine meant for the secondary linga.
भित्त्याश्रिता विशिष्टा वा परिवारालया मताः।
संत्यक्त पादरूपांश्च मूलदेश मुखान्विताः॥ ६८
पूर्वस्थाः पश्चिमास्यास्स्युः पूर्वास्याः पश्चिमस्थिताः।
दक्षस्थास्सौम्यवक्रास्स्युः दक्षस्यास्सौम्यदिग्गताः॥ ६९
bhittyāśritā viśiṣṭā vā parivārālayā matāḥ|
saṁtyakta pādarūpāṁśca mūladeśa mukhānvitāḥ|| 68
pūrvasthāḥ paścimāsyāssyuḥ pūrvāsyāḥ paścimasthitāḥ|
dakṣasthāssaumyavaktrāssyuḥ dakṣasyāssaumyadiggatāḥ|| 69
These retinue shrines may be designed so as to be attached to the enclosure-wall. Or they
may be designed separately, without being attached to the wall. Being bereft of feet and other
features of an image, these retinue shrines have their faces turned towards the main shrine.
The retinue Deities which are in the east should be facing the west. The retinue Deities in
the west should be facing the east. Those in the south should be facing the north and those
in the north should be facing the south.
क्षेत्रेशो दक्षवक्त्रो वा चण्डेशश्च तथैव च।
नागराडीश देशे स्यादगस्त्यश्च तथैव च॥ ७०
धनदोऽपि तथा प्रोक्तस्तथा चण्डेश्वरो मतः।
वसवो ऋषयश्चार्का रुद्रा एकादशैव हि॥ ७१

अश्विनौ वास्तुदेवाश्च बहिर्वान्तर्व्यवस्थिताः।
सर्वेषु परिवारेषु सामान्योऽयं प्रकीर्तितः॥ ७२
kṣetreśo dakṣavakro vā caṇḍeśaśca tathaiva ca|
nāgarāḍīśa deśe syādagastyaśca tathaiva ca|| 70
dhanado'pi tathā proktastathā caṇḍeśvaro mataḥ|
vasavo ṛṣayaścārkā rudrā ekādaśaiva hi|| 71
aśvinau vāstudevāśca bahirvāntarvyavasthitāḥ|
sarveṣu parivāreṣu sāmānyo'yaṁ prakīrtitaḥ|| 72
According to this order, Kshetresa, Dakshinamurti and Candesa should be facing the south.
Similarly, Nagaraja and Agastya, installed in the north-east should be facing the south. Kubera
also should be facing the south. Ashta Vasus, Rishis, Suryas, Ekadasa Rudras, Asvini Devas,
Vastu Devas – all of these Deities should be installed in the outer and inner enclosures. This
is the common scheme applicable to all the retinue Deities.
देवाग्रे स्थापयेदुक्षं देवस्याभिमुखं तु वा।
मण्डपं तु चतुर्द्वारं कारयेद् वृषभस्य तु॥ ७३
आदितः परिवारोऽयं त्रिशूलेन समाहितः।
द्वितीयः परिवारस्स्यात् सचण्डेशस्तृतीयकः॥ ७४
विघ्नेश्वर समायुक्तश्चतुर्थः परिकीर्तितः।
ततस्सप्तार्चिषा युक्तः पञ्चमोऽद्य समीरितः॥ ७५
स्कन्दज्येष्ठा समायुक्तौ वीरौ द्वौ षष्ठसप्तमे।
अष्टमः परिवारस्स्यात् संयुक्तस्सप्तमातृभिः॥ ७६
devāgre sthāpayedukṣaṁ devasyābhimukhaṁ tu vā|
maṇḍapaṁ tu caturdvāraṁ kārayed vṛṣabhasya tu|| 73
āditaḥ parivāro'yaṁ triśūlena samāhitaḥ|
dvitīyaḥ parivārassyāt sacaṇḍeśastṛtīyakaḥ|| 74
vighneśvara samāyuktaścaturthaḥ parikīrtitaḥ|

tatassaptārciṣā yuktaḥ pañcamo'dya samīritaḥ|| 75
skandajyeṣṭhā samāyuktau vīrau dvau ṣaṣṭhasaptame|
aṣṭamaḥ parivārassyāt saṁyuktassaptamātṛbhiḥ|| 76
In front of the main shrine in which Sivalinga is installed, the Bull should be installed so as
be facing the Lord. A small pavilion associated with four entrances should be provided for the
Bull. This is the first retinue Deity. Trident is the second retinue. Candesvara is the third retinue.
Vighnesvara is the fourth retinue. Agni is the fifth. Skanda and Jyeshtha are considered to be
of the sixth retinue. Virabhadra and Bhairava are for the seventh retinue. Sapta Matrus are for
the eighth retinue.
सकलादि पदे देवान् स्थापयेद्युक्तितो बहिः।
परिवाराष्टकैर्हीनं विमाने परिकल्पयेत्॥ ७७
sakalādi pade devān sthāpayedyuktito bahiḥ|
parivārāṣṭakairhīnaṁ vimāne parikalpayet|| 77
The Guru should install the retinue Deties in the sakala pada(the first vastu mandala) and other
recommended padas of the outer enclosure. That which is without retinue Deities should be
installed in the vimana.
वृषोऽग्निमातरौ विघ्नस्कन्दौ ज्येष्ठा च चण्डिका।
आदित्यश्च क्रमेण स्यादङ्गणविद्येश्वरस्तु वा॥ ७८
मातृणां उत्तरे दक्षे चण्डिकां वा मुनीश्वराः।
पद्मजं स्थापयेद्विष्णुं तद्विहीनमथापि वा॥ ७९
दुर्गां हित्वाथ विष्णुं वा कुबेरं सोममेव वा।
चण्डेशमीशदिग्भागे क्षेत्रपालं च तत्र वै॥ ८०
विघ्नेशस्कन्दयोर्मध्ये वारुणे वा श्रियं न्यसेत्।
विघ्ने सरस्वती युक्ता तृतीयां वा पृथङ्न्यसेत्॥ ८१

अथवा लोकपालास्स्युर्यमो मातृयुतो न वा।
अष्टदिक्षु विशालास्स्युस्सपीठाः केवलास्तु वा॥ ८२
vṛṣo'gnimātarau vighnaskandau jyeṣṭhā ca caṇḍikā।
ādityaśca krameṇa syāgaṇavidyeśvarāstu vā॥ 78
mātṝṇāṁ uttare dakṣe caṇḍikāṁ vā munīśvarāḥ।
padmajaṁ sthāpayedviṣṇuṁ tadvihīnamathāpi vā॥ 79
durgāṁ hitvātha viṣṇuṁ vā kuberaṁ somameva vā।
caṇḍeśamīśadigbhāge kṣetrapālaṁ ca tatra vai॥ 80
vighneśaskandayormadhye vāruṇe vā śriyaṁ nyaset।
vighne sarasvatī yuktā tṛtīyāṁ vā pṛthaṅnyaset॥ 81
athavā lokapālāssyuryamo mātṛyuto na vā।
aṣṭadikṣu viśālāssyussapīṭhāḥ kevalāstu vā॥ 82
Vrushbha, Agni, Sapta Matrus, Vighnesa, Skanda, Jyeshtha, Candika and Aditya – these
are the eight Gana Devatas, starting from the east and ending with the north-east. O, the
Lords of the Sages!, Sapta Matrus may be in the north and Candika may be in the south.
Or, instead of Sapta Matrus and Candika, Brahma and Vishnu may be installed in their
places. Instead of Durga, Vishnu, Kubrera or Candra may be installed. Candesvara should
be in the north-east and Kshetrapala also should be there. In the west, Lakshmi may be
installed in between Vighnesa and Skanda. Or, Vignesa, Sarasvati and Lakshmi may be
installed there , each one in a separate shrine. Or, the eight Gaurdians of directions may
be installed with or witout Yama and Sapta Matrus. All of these Deities may be installed
in separate shrines, with or without pedestals.
विघ्नेशस्सर्वदेशस्थो गौरीस्कन्दौ तथैव च।
द्वादशस्युर्द्विरष्टौ च चतुर्विंशति संख्यका॥ ८३
द्वात्रिंशत्परिवारास्स्युरन्तर्मध्यमहारयोः।
द्विरष्ट परिवारोऽयं तेषु सौम्यं निगत्पते॥ ८४
vighneśassarvadeśastho gaurīskandau tathaiva ca।
dvādaśasyurdviraṣṭau ca caturviṁśati saṁkhyakā॥ 83

dvātriṁśatparivārāssyurantarmadhyamahārayoḥ|
dviraṣṭa parivāro'yaṁ teṣu saumyaṁ nigatyate|| 84
Vighnesa may be installed in all the directions. Similarly, Gauri and Skanda may also be
installed in all the directions. The retinue Deities are 12, 16, 24 and 32 in number. These
Deities should be installed respectively in the antar mandala, madhya hara, maryada and maha
maryada.
उपपीठपदं कृत्वा स्थापयेद्रविदेशतः।
आदित्यं सुप्रजं वह्निं किन्नरं मातरं तथा॥ ८५
विबुधं विघ्नराजं च श्रियं च वरुणं तथा।
स्कन्दं ज्येष्ठा च दुर्गां च विष्णुं चण्डेश्वरं तथा॥ ८६
क्षेत्रज्ञं गीतजं पश्चात् स्थाप्यन्तां मुनिपुङ्गवाः।
अस्मिन्नेव पदे चान्तर्विद्येशो द्वारपास्तु वा॥ ८७
द्विरष्टपरिवारास्स्युर्द्वात्रिंशद् अधुनोच्यते।
upapīṭhapadaṁ kṛtvā sthāpayedravideśataḥ|
ādityaṁ suprajaṁ vahniṁ kinnaraṁ mātaraṁ tathā|| 85
vibudhaṁ vighnarājaṁ ca śriyaṁ ca varuṇaṁ tathā|
skandaṁ jyeṣṭhā ca durgā ca viṣṇuṁ caṇḍeśvaraṁ tathā|| 86
kṣetrajñaṁ gītajaṁ paścāt sthāpyantāṁ munipuṅgavāḥ|
asminneva pade cāntarvidyeśo dvārapāstu vā|| 87
dviraṣṭaparivārāssyurdvātriṁśad adhunocyate|
Having designed the upapitha mandala(5x5 rows), the Guru should install the 16 Deities,
starting from the east. Aditya, Supraja, Agni, Kinnara, Sapta Matrus, Vidyadharas, Vighnesa,
Lakshmi, Varuna, Skanda, Jyeshtha, Durga, Vishnu, Candesvara, Kshetrapala and Gandharvas-
these are the 16 retinue Deities to be installed. O, the foremost Sages!, Vidyesvaras and
Dvarapalas may be installed in the same type of upa pitha mandala designed in the antar
mandala. Now, the installation of 32 retinue Deities is told.