गुप्त अभिलेख संग्रह (जे. एफ. फ्लीट - गुप्त सम्राटों एवं परवर्ती नरेशों के ऐतिहासिक पाषाण व ताम्रलेख)

THE GUPTA INSCRIPTIONS; No. 39, PLATE XXV. 189
(L. 58.)—Victorious is his son, the glorious Dhrûbhaṭa,¹ born in a lineage of supreme
kings of kings and supreme lords, (and) possessed of great happiness,—who is renowned
for an abundance of heroism that is hard to be resisted; who is the abode of the goddess
of fortune; who has striven to destroy hell; who has made it (his) sole resolve to save the
earth; whose fame is as pure as the rays of the full-moon ;—who is full of virtue through
his knowledge of the three (Vêdas); who has conquered the ranks of (his) enemies; who
is possessed of happiness . . . . . . . . . .; who always confers happiness; who is the abode
of knowledge; who is a protector of the world whom all people applaud; who is attended
by learned men; who is praised far and wide on the earth;—who is resplendent with
jewels; who has a beautiful person; who is a very pile of jewels that are virtuous qualities;
who is endowed with the choicest virtues of lordship and prowess; who is always employed
in conferring benefits on living creatures; who, as if he were (the god) Janârdana incarnate,
humbles the pride of wicked people;—who is always most skilful in disposing the array
of elephants in war; who is the abode of religious merit; (and) whose great prowess is
sung over the (whole) earth.
(L. 63.)—[And he*], the most devout worshipper of (the god) Mahêśvara, the
Paramabhaṭṭâraka, Mahârâjâdhirâja, and Paramêśvara, the glorious Śîlâdityadêva
(VII.), who meditates on the feet of the Paramabhaṭṭâraka, Mahârâjâdhirâja, and Paramê-
śvara, (his) glorious father, issues a command to all people:—
(L. 64.)—“Be it known to you that, for the purpose of increasing the religious merit
of (my) parents and of myself, (and) in order to obtain a reward both in this world and in
the next, the village named Mahilabalî,² in the Uppalahêṭa pathaka in the famous
Khêṭaka âhâra,—with the udranga (and) the uparikara; with (the right to) forced labour
as the occasion arises; with the revenue of the bhûta and vâta;³ with (the fines for) the
ten offences;⁴ with (its) enjoyments and shares; with the grain, and gold, and âdêya;
¹ See page 172 above, note 1.
² Or perhaps Mahilâbalî, with the long vowel â in the third syllable.
³ See page 170 above, note 9.
⁴ sa-daśâparâdhah.—This is a technical fiscal expression, of constant use in charters, for which
I have not been able to obtain any absolutely certain explanation. But Mr. S. Ch. Chitnis has brought
to my notice that, in the Dharmasindhusâra of Kâsînâthôpâdhyâya, chapter ii. verse 19 ff., we have
—Adattânâm=upâdânam himsâ ch=aiv=á-vidhanataḥ || Para-dâr-ôpasêvá cha kâyikam tri-
vidham smritam | pârushyam=anritam ch=aiva paiśunyam ch=âpi sarvaśaḥ || Asambaddha-pra-
lâpaś=cha vânmayam syâch=chatur-vidham | paradravyêshv=abhidhyânam manas=ánishṭa-chinta-
nam || Vitath-âbhinivêśaś=cha mânasam tri-vidham smritam | étáni daśa pâpâni hara tvam
mama Jâhnavî || Daśapâpa-harâ yasmât=tasmâd=Daśaharâ smritâ,—“the appropriation (theft)
of things that are not given, and killing in a manner that is not in accordance with precept, and the
pursuit of the wives of other men, are laid down to be the three (sins) of the body; harshness of
language, and untruthfulness, and slandering in all directions, and incoherent conversation, are the
four (sins) of speech; coveting the property of others, (and) thinking with the mind about things
which are wrong, and tenacity of that which is not true, are laid down to be the three (sins) of the
mind; do thou, O Jâhnavî (Gangâ), take away these my ten sins; because thou takest away (these)
ten sins, therefore art thou called “Daśaharâ.”—These verses occur in connection with the Daśaharâ
(popularly Dasarâ or Dusrah) a festival in honour of the river Ganges, held on the tenth day
of the bright fortnight of the month Jyêshṭha.—So, also, in the Ashṭângahridaya of Vâgbhaṭa, Sú-
trasthâna, chapter i. verse 21 f. (Bombay edition of 1880, p. 38) we have, in only slightly different
language,—Himsâ-stêy-ânyathâkâmam paiśunyam parush-ânrite | sambhinnâlâpa-vyâpâdam=
abhidhyâ drigviparyayam || Pâpam karm=êti daśadhâ kâya-vân-mânasais=tyajêt ; which shews that
the classification was a well-established and well-known one.—These ten sins are probably the