गुप्त अभिलेख संग्रह (जे. एफ. फ्लीट - गुप्त सम्राटों एवं परवर्ती नरेशों के ऐतिहासिक पाषाण व ताम्रलेख)

16 CORPUS INSCRIPTIONUM INDICARUM, VOL. III.
Mahârâja, the illustrious Ghaṭôtkacha;—who was the son of the Mahârâjâdhirâja,
the glorious Chandragupta (I.), (and) the daughter's son of Lichchhavi,¹ begotten
on the Mahâdêvî² Kumâradêvî;—
(L. 30.)—(And) whose fame,—ever heaped up higher and higher by the development
of (his) liberality and prowess of arm and composure and (study of) the precepts of the
scriptures,—travelling by many paths, purifies the three worlds, as if it were the pale
yellow water of (the river) Gaṅgâ, flowing quickly on being liberated from confinement in
the thickets of the matted hair of (the god) Paśupati.³
(L. 31.)—And this poetical composition,—(the work) of the Khâdyaṭapâkika,⁴ the
son of the Mahâdaṇḍanâyaka⁵ Dhruvabhûti, the Sâṁdhivigrahika⁶ and Kumârâmâtya,⁷
the Mahâdaṇḍanâyaka Harishêṇa, who is the slave of these same feet of the
¹ Or "of a Lichchhavi (king)."—The present is the more usual form of the name. But the
variant Lichchbivi, with the vowel i instead of a in the second syllable, occurs in line 3 of the
Bhitarî pillar inscription of Skandagupta, No. 13 below, Plate vii.; in line 5 of the spurious
Gayâ grant of Samudragupta, No. 60 below, Plate xxxvii.; and in the Mânavadharmaśâstra, x. 22
(Burnell's Translation, p. 308), where a Lichchbivi, with others, is defined as the offspring of a
degraded member of the Kshatriya caste.
² Mahâdêvî, lit. 'great goddess,' appears to have been always a technical title of the wives of
paramount sovereigns; though, in somewhat later times than that of the present inscription, it was
also sometimes applied to the wives of Mahârâjas, e.g. throughout the Kârîtalâl grant of Jayanâtha,
No. 26 below, Plate xvi.—As applied to the wives of paramount sovereigns, we have it again in the
present volume, in conjunction with Paramabhaṭṭârikâ and Râjñî, in the Mandâr Hill inscriptions of
Âdityasêna, Nos. 44 and 45 below, and throughout the Dêô-Baraṇârk inscription of Jîvitagupta II.,
No. 46 below, Plate xxixB. In other series it occurs, for instance, as part of the name of Lôkamahâdêvî,
the queen-consort of the Western Chalukya king Vikramâditya II., in some of his Paṭṭadakal inscrip-
tions (Ind. Ant. Vol. X. p. 164 ff.); and as the title of Gâmuṇḍabbe, the wife of the Râshṭrakûṭa king
Gôvinda III., in line 5 of the grant of Śaka-Saṁvat 726 (id. Vol. XI. p. 127).
³ When, under the circumstances referred to in the note on line 3 f. of the Mandasôr inscription
of Yaśôdharman and Vishṇuvardhana, No. 35 below, Plate xxii., the river Ganges was about to descend
from heaven to earth,—in order to break the force of its fall, the god Śiva (Paśupati) received it in the
matted hair coiled above his forehead and projecting like a horn; and its waters wandered there for a
thousand years, before they eventually reached the earth.
⁴ It is doubtful whether this is a tribal or family name, or an official title. The etymology of it is
not apparent.
⁵ Mahâdaṇḍanâyaka, lit. 'great leader of the forces,' is a technical military title.—The officer
who held this rank was the superior of the Daṇḍanâyakas, or 'leaders of the forces.' This latter title
occurs, for instance (together with that of Piriyadaṇḍanâyaka, which is the Old-Kanarese trans-
lation of the Sanskrit Mahâdaṇḍanâyaka), in line 17 ff. of the Baḷagâmve inscription of Saṅkamadêva
(Ind. Ant. Vol. V. p. 46.)—We constantly meet with Daṇḍanâtha, Daṇḍâdhinâtha, Daṇḍâdhipa,
Daṇḍâdhipati, Daṇḍêśa, and Daṇḍêśvara, as synonyms of Daṇḍanâyaka.—Prinsep translated
Mahâdaṇḍanâyaka in the present inscription by 'administrator of punishments (magistrate)' and
'criminal magistrate;' and this rendering has sometimes been adopted by other translators. As daṇḍa
means 'fine' and 'rod (of chastisement),' as well as 'army, forces,' the titles in which it occurs are
capable of being explained as either judicial or military. But, that they are employed in the inscrip-
tions as military titles, is shewn (1) by the way in which the words Chamûnâtha, Chamûpa, Chamûpati,
&c., in which chamû means only 'army,' are occasionally used as synonyms for Daṇḍanâyaka, &c.,
e.g. in line 33 ff. of the Kargudari inscription of Vikramâditya VI. and Tailapa II. (Ind. Ant.
Vol. X. p. 252), where the Daṇḍâdhinâtha and Daṇḍâdhipa Îśvarayya is also called Chamûpa; and
(2) by the definition of the Daṇḍanâyaka Kâvaṇayya as samasto-sên-âgrêsara, or 'leader of the whole
army,' in line 19 of the Baḷagâṁve inscription referred to above.
⁶ Sâṁdhivigrahika, lit. 'an officer for peace and war,' is a technical official or military title.
Other synonymous titles were Saṁdhivigrahâdhikṛita (e.g. Ind. Ant. Vol. VII. p. 70, line 17 f.);
Saṁdhivigrahâdhikaranâdhikrita (e.g. id. Vol. IV. p. 175, line 18); and Saṁdhivigrahin (e.g. id.
Vol. VIII. p. 20, where it is coupled with Mahâpradhâna and Daṇḍanâyaka).—The next grade above
this was that of the Mahâsâṁdhivigrahika, whose title occurs, for instance, in line 29 f. of the Khôh
grant of the Mahârâja Hastin of the year 163, No. 22 below, Plate xiii.
⁷ Kumârâmâtya, lit. 'counsellor of the prince,' is another technical official title.—The next
grade above it was that of the Mahâkumârâmâtya, who is mentioned, for instance, in line 33 of the
Bhâgalpur grant of Nârâyaṇapâla (Ind. Ant. Vol. XV. p. 306.)