प्राचीन भारत में शिक्षा (डॉ. ए.एस. अल्तेकर - गुरुकुल एवं बौद्ध विहार शिक्षण इतिहास)

[IV] EDUCATIONAL ORGANISATION AND FINANCE 99
Failure to help liberally a student, collecting money
to pay his teacher's honorarium was regarded as the
greatest slur on a king's reputation.¹ Further indirect
help to the cause of education was given by the state
by exempting students and learned but poor
Brahmanas from taxation.² The treasure trove laws
were so framed as to help the cause of learning.³
The law of limitation was relaxed in favour of
the student engaged in prosecuting studies at a college
(Gurukula).⁴
Government Help without Government Control :
A recent Soviet writer on education has averred that
schools and colleges can never be free from political
control as long as the state exists. His statement
appears to be perfectly true when we cast a glance at
the educational organisations in modern times; for
all states are at present very anxious to control
educational institutions and curricula as soon as they
proceed to give government grants. In totalitarian
states, education has become a means of propaganda

1. Cf. Raghu's remark to Kautsa when he wanted to go away,
   unsuccessful in his mission to get Gurudakshiṇā :—
   गुर्वर्थमर्थी श्रुतपारदृश्वा रघोः सकाशादनवाप्य कामम् ।
   गतो वदान्यान्तरमित्ययं मे मा भूतपरीवादनवावतारः ॥ V. 24
2. Cf. अकरः श्रोत्रियः ।.......ये च विद्यार्थिनः सन्ति । Ā. D. S.
   II. 10. 26. 14-17 ; see also V. Dh. S., XIX. 15
3. If a king found a treasure trove, he was required to give
   half of it to learned Brahmanas; if the latter found it, they could
   retain the whole. Others had to refund 16 per cent to the state.
   Manu, VIII. 35-9; Yāj. II. 34-5
4. Cf :—ब्रह्मचारी चरेत्कश्चिद्व्रतं षट्त्रिंशदाब्दिकम् ।
   समावृत्तो व्रती कुर्याद्धमस्यान्वेषणं ततः ।
   पञ्चाशदाब्दिको भोगस्तद्धनस्यापहारकः ॥
   Nārada in SCS, quoted at S. B. E., 38, pp. 248-4.