ब्राह्मस्फुटसिद्धान्त (ब्रह्मगुप्त - शून्य, कुट्टक, बीजगणित एवं सम्पूर्ण २१ अध्याय सान्वय सटीक)

48 PERSONAL REFERENCES OF BRAHMAGUPTA
cript is available in the Library of the King of Banaras (Kāśīrāja)
which has the colophony at the end as :
श्री चापवंशतिलके श्री व्याघ्रमुखे नृपे शकनृपात् ,
पञ्चाशत्संयुक्तैर्वर्षशतैः पञ्चभिरतीतैः ।
ब्राह्मस्फुटसिद्धान्तः सज्जनगणितज्ञगोलवित्प्रीत्यै,
त्रिंशद्वर्षेण कृतो जिष्णुसुतब्रह्मगुप्तेन ॥
Bhāskara II has written the famous treatise Siddhāntaśiromaṇi
(1150), which is almost based on the Brāhmasphuṭasiddhānta. It
has been edited by the author's own gloss (Vāsanābhāṣya) by
Bāpu Deva Śāstrī (Vārāṇasī); by Murlidhar Jha with the com-
mentaries, Vāsanāvārttika of Nṛsiṁha (1621) and Marīci of
Munīśvara (1635), vol. I (containing chapter 1 of the Gaṇitā-
dhyāya) (Vārāṇasī, 1917); by Girija Prasad Dvivedi with original
commentaries in Sanskrit and Hindi, vols. I and II (Lucknow,
1911, 1926); English translation of the text only by Bāpu Deva
Śāstrī and Wilkinson (Calcutta, 1861).
In the very first Chapter (verse 2), Brahmagupta writes :
The old calculations dealing with planets (i.e. the old astronomy),
based on the system of Brahmā have become erroneous in course
of past ages and therefore, I, the son of Jiṣṇugupta would like to
clarify them.
Brahmagupta was not a mere theorist, he based his calcula-
tions on direct observations with the help of instruments or
devices (nalikādi yantra); he was in favour of making correc-
tions on the basis of these observations. He was himself an
expert observer. In his Khaṇḍakhādyaka also he has emphasised
the need of direct observation.
At many places, Brahmagupta has severely criticised the
Romaka and Pauliśa systems of astronomy which were introduced
in this country by Lāṭadeva and Śrīṣeṇa. There are many
passages where this criticism would be available with vehe-
mance.
Brhamagupta was opposed to the system of Āryabhaṭa I.
He never spares the school of Āryabhaṭa which was regarded as
the most authoritative then. Sudhākara Dvivedi says that as
Brahmagupta was opposed to the system of Āryabhaṭa, so the
Vaṭeśvara Siddhānta was opposed to that of Brahmagupta. The
Institute has already published the Vaṭeśvara Siddhānta and now
it has the privilege of publishing the Brahmasphuṭasiddhānta.