ब्राह्मस्फुटसिद्धान्त (ब्रह्मगुप्त - शून्य, कुट्टक, बीजगणित एवं सम्पूर्ण २१ अध्याय सान्वय सटीक)

174 BRAHMAGUPTA AND ARITHMETIC
and the form
p/q + r/s of p/q + t/u of (p/q + r/s of p/q) + .........
is written as
┌───┐
│ p │
│ q │
├───┤
│ r │
│ s │
├───┤
│ t │
│ u │
└───┘
(iv) Bhāgāpavāha, i.e., the form (a - b/c) is written as
┌───┐
│ a │
│ .b│
│ c │
└───┘
and the form p/q - r/s of p/q - t/u of (p/q - r/s of p/q) - ........
is written as
┌───┐
│ p │
│ q │
├───┤
│ .r│
│ s │
├───┤
│ .t│
│ u │
└───┘
(v) Bhāga-bhāga : The form
(a ÷ b/c) or (p/q ÷ r/s)
There does not appear to have been any notation for divi-
sion, such compounds being written as
┌───┐ ┌───┐
│ a │ │ p │
│ b │ or │ q │
│ c │ ├───┤
└───┘ │ r │
│ s │
└───┘
just as for bhāgānubandha. That division is to be performed was
known from the problem, e.g., 1 ÷ 1/6 was written as ṣaḍ-bhāga-
bhāga, i.e., "one-sixth bhāga-bhāga" or "one divided by one-
sixth". It is only in the Bakhshālī Manuscript that the term bha
is sometimes placed before or after the quantity affected.
(vi) Bhāga-mātṛ, i.e., combinations of forms enumerated
above. Mahāvīra, the author of the Gaṇitasārasaṃgraha (850