अमर शहीद अशफ़ाक़उल्ला ख़ाँ: व्यक्तित्व और कृतित्व (काकोरी के अमर शहीद का जीवन व रचनाएँ)

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be a coincidence that the first three are names of Bakshi's alleged
associates : Rudra might of course refer to Rudra Narain Singh
but we have seen that 'Rudra' was also one of the 'society' names
of Ram Prasad.
58. Ex. P 281 is a four page printed pamphlet entitled 'An
[Margin: 'An appeal to the Nationalists.'] appeal to the Nationalists.' It is not dated
but appears to have been written shortly
before the Belgaum Congress meeting at the
end of 1924. The current of thought running through it is very
similar to that in the Manifesto of the Communist party found with
Ashfaqullah. It laments 'the atmosphere of depression and de-
composition' in which the Congress is about to meet at Bel-
gaum, advocates the divorce of religion from politics, attacks
the Swarajist party for entering the Councils and for their
tactics there, attempts to justify revolution, and declares that
the forces which 'make for militant Nationalism, having for
object not a mere administrative adjustment, but the introduc-
tion of a new historical epoch through a great 'socio-political
[Margin: O. P. 78,] convulsion' are the rebellious masses 'which in the aftermath
of the war asserted themselves so over-whelmingly upon the
political situation that the Congress was forced to break away from
its traditional non-revolutionary moorings'. The following extracts
will show the tenor and tone of the pamphlet and may be com-
pared with the extracts quoted from the Communist Manifesto
(Ex. P. A. 35) written probably some time later.
'In India, as in every other country, Nationalism is a revolu-
tionary force; it must therefore pursue a revolutionary course.'
'A recapitulation of the trend of the principal events of the
past twelve months will show that the mythical goddess of Unity,
whom the Belgaum Congress will enshrine, signifies only a great
political reaction'. 'Hindu Moslem Unity which was made a
corner stone of the Non-co-operation Movement........has been
revealed to have been a superficial makeshift. The disastrous
effects of hinging a great political movement of an essentially
revolutionary character, on religious fanaticism and extra-
territorial patriotism are manifest to-day in the communal riots
which spread all over the country despite the frantic efforts of the
leaders to check them.'
'Some of the best elements of the Nationalist ranks are locked
up in jail by a despotic ukase, without provoking any determined
resistance on the part of the Congress. This speaks for the
character of the leadership and the lamentable impotency into
which the Nationalist movement has sunk, in consequence of its
non-revolutionary orientation and reformist policy.'
'Revolution is not an unconstitutional affair. In fact practically
all the modern constitutional states owe their origin to some sort
'of a revolution. India has no constitutional Government. When