वेदान्त पारिजात सौरभ (भगवद् निम्बार्काचार्य - द्वैताद्वैत वेदान्त ब्रह्मसूत्र भाष्य सटीक)
Vedanta Parijata Saurabha of Nimbarkacharya with Commentary
भगवद् निम्बार्काचार्य (टीकाकार: श्रीश्रीनिवासचार्य - वेदान्तकौस्तुभ सहित) द्वारा
पृष्ठ 11, कुल 906 में से
संदर्भ में पढ़ेंvi PREFACE
concept in the Śaṃkarite sense in which the non-difference completely
loses its identity, but is a synthetic unity of both—the relation between
the two being that of the substance-attribute. That is, the attribute
is different from the substance in the sense that it inheres in it though
the latter cannot be equated with any particular attribute and is not
a mere assemblage of them all, but is something over and above. In
other words, the substance and the attribute, or the unity and plurality
are both real and form an organic whole, and the relation between
them is the relation of non-difference, and not of absolute identity.
Rāmānuja's doctrine is hence known as Viśiṣṭādvaita-vāda or qualified
monism as against the absolutism of Śaṃkara.
Śrīkaṇṭha, who followed Rāmānuja, agreed that the relation
between the Brahman and the Universe was that of non-difference, but
while the latter identified Brahman with Viṣṇu, according to Śrīkaṇṭha
it was Śiva. His theory is therefore called Viśiṣṭa-Śivādvaita vāda.
The school of Bhāskara holds that both the unity and plurality are
real. The relation between the two is one of difference non-difference
during the effected state of Brahman, i.e. during the cosmic existence
and creation, but one of complete identity during the causal state of
Brahman, i.e. during salvation and dissolution. In other words, the
individual Soul or Jīva, during the state of Saṃsāra, is different from
Brahman due to the presence of the Upādhis (limiting adjuncts)
such as the body, the sense organs, etc., but when these are not present
and it is Mūkta, the Jīva becomes absolutely identical with Brahman
of which it is only the effect. Similarly, the world is both different
and non-different from Brahman during creation, but identical with
Him in Pralaya (dissolution). Hence Bhāskara's view is known as
‘Aupādhika-Bhedābheda-vāda’, i.e. the Bhedābheda relation between
Brahman and the Universe is only Aupādhika or due to the limiting
adjuncts only and therefore lasts as long as these adjuncts last. But
when the Saṃsāra is over and the Upādhis are no more, there is no
longer any Bhedābheda between Brahman and the Universe, the former
alone becomes the reality and no separate soul or matter can then
exist.
Baladeva's school also admitted the reality of both the unity
and plurality. In a sense, both the Jīva and the Jagat are different
from Brahman but in another they are non-different as effects of
Brahman. This relation of difference-non-difference is transcendental
and cannot be comprehended by reason and must be accepted on the
authority of the Scriptures (revelation). His doctrine goes, therefore,